№ 133(9), November, 2017
Date issued: 30.11.2017
Physical Sciences and Engineering
The article concentrates on the matters of current interest in the sphere of product flows. The object of research is the relocation of product flows from the supply sphere, represented by supply and sales organizations or other commercial-intermediary agencies, to the sphere of business enterprise. The ultimate goal of the production and economic system modeling is the preparation for managerial decision-making. The choice of the model depends on the purposes of the modeling, management functions, automation manufacturing step, applied mathematical tools technique. The article considers the main characteristics of the flow, which while retaining their individuality at the same time depend on each other and function logically in the economic space. The advantages and disadvantages of the material inventory and flows management in micrologistic intraproductive systems are being analyzed. External and internal environment, taken as a basis for the real logistical process modeling, determine the type of the principal stock regulation system and the type of the corresponding mathematical model. Methods and models of the stock theory, the primary objective of which is to determine the most important incoming product flow parameters of the system, are still in demand and their primary goal is to adapt the manufacturing company to the consumers’ needs
The article is dedicated to a numerical investigation of
a plane problem of the oscillation amplitude of a
buried source, depending on the frequency and motion
speed in various isotropic media. Three types of the
medium are considered: a two-layer package with a
rigidly fixed base, a two-layer package with a
mechanically free base, a half-space. The source, in the
form of a stress jump simulating a rigid inclusion of
small dimensions, moves in the interface plane at a
constant speed. Homogeneous boundary value
problems are considered in a moving coordinate
system associated with a source. The solution method
is based on the usage of integral Fourier transforms,
the method of direct contour integration and
algorithms for constructing symbols of Green's
matrices. The method of direct contour integration
significantly simplifies calculations in comparison
with the traditional approaches to the calculation of
Fourier integrals. We have presented calculations of
nine amplitude-frequency and amplitude-velocity
characteristics for different combinations of medium
and source types, that give an exhaustive qualitative
and quantitative description of the solutions for
boundary value problems in a wide range of velocities
and frequencies. Comparative analysis of calculations
showed a primary influence of the type of an elastic
medium on the investigated characteristics, as well as
the large influence of the source type. Which, in turn,
revealed some substantial connections between the
boundary value problems with a moving source and
the corresponding problems with a stationary source
Many procedures of applied mathematical statistics
are based on the solution of extreme problems. As
examples it is enough to name methods of least
squares, maximum likelihood, minimal contrast,
main components. In accordance with the new
paradigm of applied mathematical statistics, the
central part of this scientific and practical discipline
is the statistics of non-numerical data (it is also
called the statistics of objects of non-numerical
nature or non-numeric statistics) in which the
empirical and theoretical averages are determined by
solving extreme problems. As shown in this paper,
the laws of large numbers are valid, according to
which empirical averages approach the theoretical
ones with increasing sample size. Of great
importance are limit theorems describing the
asymptotic behavior of solutions of extremal
statistical problems. For example, in the method of
least squares, selective estimates of the parameters
of the dependence approach the theoretical values,
the maximum likelihood estimates tend to the
estimated parameters, etc. It is quite natural to seek
to study the asymptotic behavior of solutions of
extremal statistical problems in the general case.
The corresponding results can be used in various
special cases. This is the theoretical and practical
use of the limiting results obtained under the
weakest assumptions. The present article is devoted
to a series of limit theorems concerning the
asymptotics of solutions of extremal statistical
problems in the most general formulations. Along
with the results of probability theory, the apparatus
of general topology is used. The main differences
between the results of this article and numerous
studies on related topics are: we consider spaces of a
general nature; the behavior of solutions is studied
for extremal statistical problems of general form; it
is possible to weaken ordinary requirements of
bicompactness type by introducing conditions of the
type of asymptotic uniform divisibility
We consider numerical solutions of the Navier-Stokes
equations describing laminar and turbulent flows in
channels of various geometries and in the cavity at
large Reynolds numbers. An original numerical
algorithm for integrating a system of nonlinear partial
differential equations is developed, based on the
convergence of the sequence of solutions of the
Dirichlet problem. Based on this algorithm, a
numerical model is created for the fusion of two
laminar flows in a T-shaped channel. A new
mechanism of meandering is established, which
consists in the fact that when the two streams merge,
a jet is formed containing the zones of return flow.
Vortex motion in a rectangular cavity is studied. It is
established that the numerical solution of the problem
with discontinuous boundary conditions loses
stability at Reynolds number Re> 2340. The
trajectories of passive impurity particles in a
cylindrical cavity are investigated. An explanation of
the behavior of tea leaves in a cup of tea in the
formation of a toroidal vortex because of circular
stirring is confirmed, which is confirms the wellknown
hypothesis of Einstein. A numerical model of
flow in an open channel with a bottom incline in a
rotating system is developed. It is shown that in both
laminar and turbulent flow under certain conditions a
secondary vortex flow arises in the channel due to the
Coriolis force, which explains the well-known Baer
law and confirms the Einstein hypothesis
Physical Sciences and Engineering
In this article, we discuss the relationship between the
previously obtained model for calculating atomic radii
with electrodynamics, the hydrodynamic model of the
planets of the Solar System, and the R-function of the
structural organization of electronic systems. It is
shown that the curve of the dependence of the value
of the correction coefficient e
x
on the atomic number
of the element in form coincides with the dependence
of the ionization energy on the mass of the atom and
the R-function on the nuclear charge. The concept of
the "atomic nucleus potential", which takes into
account the energy of the nucleus and the charge of
the nucleus of the atom, is introduced. It is shown that
the radius of an atom is the product of the nuclear
potential by a factor kx
, taking into account the
characteristics of electronic levels; the energy of the
nuclear reaction is the work of the forces of the field
(potential) of the atomic nucleus along the
displacement of the atomic charge. The dependence of
the potential of the nucleus on the charge number in
the Mendeleev’s Periodic Table is shown. It is shown
that any system of satellites (or atomic shells) has a
constant ratio of its Kepler number to the mass of the
central body around which they rotate. It is shown that
in the Table of Mendeleev's chemical elements and in
the solar system, the fundamental value is the mass of
the center (the nucleus of the atom or the center of the
orbit). The ratio of the Kepler number to the mass of
the central body is a constant, within the accuracy of
construction and calculations
Life Sciences
The study of agronomy plants history, its distribution
and use through image analysis and iconography have
been presented. As an object of study, the image of
wheat has been taken as the ancient culture of the
world among agricultural plants. After many years, the
illustrative series takes on a completely different
meaning, namely, it becomes an independent resource
of information. The analysis includes images of wheat
in painting, sculpture, mosaic, tapestries, murals,
botanical illustrations, stamps, porcelain and scientific
drawings. In the work, we have made an attempt to
analyze the images of wheat in the works of art in
order to search for species diversity, directions of
selection and genetic research, and also to present the
morphological characteristics of culture. The method
of analysis is a method of visual notes or sketches,
which consists in comparing and searching
information by image. The analysis is carried out on
grounds: tall wheat, multiflorous forms of wheat, nonspreading,
thickness of straw. The visual analysis of
the images of wheat in works of art by the method of
sketches made it possible to reveal the species
diversity of culture along the ear, to see the ancient
forms that were cultivated in the world before the
"green revolution". The analysis included works of art
from the 14th to the 21st century, the masters of
painting in Italy, Germany, Russia, the Netherlands,
France, the United States, and others
In the review, the stages of designing therapeutic cocktails of T4 type bacteriophages based on works by Harald Brüssow from Nestlé S.A. (Switzerland) are considered. The main stages of this process are identified: analysis of existing cocktails, selection of phages; creating a collection; cultivation of the host bacterium, multiplication of viruses; purification of the preparation; contamination testing; preservation, stabilization and storage; preclinical and clinical trials. H. Brüssow first studied the Russian drug " Coli-Proteus bacteriophage " of "Microgen" with the help of metagenomic analysis, electron microscopy and conducted its clinical studies. Prof. Brüssow considered the advantages of T4 bacteriophages for the treatment of Escherichia coli infections. Researchers studied methods of cultivation in Erlenmeyer flasks, in a bioreactor, in disposable sack cultivators for the propagation of viruses. For its purification the chromatography, centrifugation, filtration and polyethylene glycol precipitation were studied. To quickly check the contamination of phage cocktails, a mass spectrometry method is proposed. Researchers considered basic strategies, such as lyophilization, spray drying, the formation of microcrystals and microspheres to stabilize the preparations. They also reviewed the results of clinical trials of phage cocktails. We have listed the problems of selecting T4 bacteriophages from the point of view of modern knowledge. H. Brüssow and his colleagues carried out an interesting work on the construction of phage cocktails based on T4 type bacteriophages, and also revealed the problems of the current state of phage therapy
In the course of the work, 33 ISSR markers were
evaluated for efficacy in the detection of genetic changes
in regenerants of Galanthus woronowii Losinsk.. Ten
markers were found suitable for genotyping according to
the species under study. Five samples from the selected
ten were analyzed for a sample of 20 plants of
regenerants and a mother plant. The obtained data testify
to genetic stability of plant material in the process of
microclonal propagation
Physical Sciences and Engineering
The importance of improving the quality of
electrical energy was growing along with the
development and wide implementation in the
production of valve converters and various highperformance
processing units, such as arc furnace,
welding machines etc. The main causes of potential
and existing non-compliances of non-sinusoidal
voltages can be joining sources and non-sinusoidal
reactive power sources, including resonant filters,
to existing electric grids without taking into
account their possible impact on the distortion of
the sinusoidal voltage. Transformers are affected
by the non-sinusoidal shapes of the curves of
current and voltage. The effect is characterized by
the fact that the harmonics of current and voltage
increase transformer temperature, compared to
purely sinusoidal current and voltage. The aim of
this work is to study the influence of higher
harmonics on power loss in power transformers.
Experimental study of operation of power
transformers was carried out on the developed
model of the transformer substation. The
experiments were conducted with different
capacities of transformers that have variables in the
range of 250-1000 kVA. By using programmable
voltage source a sinusoidal voltage is formed
containing the third, fifth, sixth, seventh, ninth and
twelfth harmonics. The level of harmonics is
changed in the range of 2-12 %
The article considers scheme of sewage treatment
plants AG-STOK of Novorossiysk trading sea port,
designed to clean the surface runoff from the territory
of industrial sites and residential areas to the norms of
discharge in the drainage network. The installation
includes a well-separator, a storage tank, mechanical
cleaning of solids on a mechanical filter, filtration
through a filter with granular loading and filtration
through a filter with sorption loading. The treated
runoff, which corresponds to the conditions of
discharge into the urban drainage network,
accumulates in a tank of clean water and is diverted to
the storm sewer network. There are: the scheme of
treatment facilities, the explication of equipment, a
photo of a mechanical filter, a filter with a granular
load and a filter with a sorption load. The indicators of
surface runoff correspond to the norms of the
maximum permissible discharge
The article reflects the relationship between the
parameters of research activities of students and the
characteristics of the educational environment in
higher education. It is known that the research activity
of students is an integral part of the educational
process, therefore, the parameters of research activity
can and should be indicator variables reflecting certain
aspects of the educational environment. According to
modern views, all types of research activities of
students (educational, research, scientific and practical
and research) is the most important mechanism for the
development of their research competence. In addition,
the parameters of research activities of students - the
reflection of the relationship of scientific and
educational activities in higher education, and this -
one of the most important factors of competitiveness
of the educational environment. The authors
substantiate that the parameters reflecting the research
activity of students characterize, first of all, such
aspects of the educational environment as its intensity,
social activity, dominance, coherence, mobility,
stability, reliability and efficiency. This is due to the
fact that the research activity of students is a transdisciplinary
process that depends on the same factors
as the educational process as a whole and is
characterized by the same didactic goals (tasks) as the
educational process as a whole. In identifying the
relationship between the parameters of research
activities of students and the characteristics of the
educational environment, the authors also took into
account the relevance of such a task as ensuring
continuity between levels of continuing education. The
theoretical significance of the results of this study is
that they can be the basis for further scientific
understanding of the problems of the quality of
education and the effectiveness of educational
environments, the practical significance is that they
can be applied in the systems of socio-pedagogical and
psycho-pedagogical monitoring and the effectiveness
of the educational environment, as well as monitoring
the student's personal and professional development).
Methodological bases of research: system,
sociological, competence, probability-statistical and
qualimetric approaches (leading methodological basis -
competence approach). Research methods: modeling;
methods of graph theory, sets and relations; systemiccognitive
analysis; methods of qualimetry (theory of
latent variables); methods of mathematical statistics
(first of all - the method of rocky scree); methods of
the theory of limits
We live in a world of rapidly developing information
technologies, where many organizations are related to
each other, forming complex information networks.
Therefore, storage, analysis and retrieval of
information is a very complex and urgent task. In
connection with the advent of search engines and
communications, millions of people are engaged in the
search and retrieval of information. Commercial search
engines, such as Google, use keyword search based on
logical queries. The main disadvantage of this search
is that it returns a lot of irrelevant information, which
leads to low accuracy. In this article, we focus on
building a semantic search system based on the
mapping of the ontological model. This includes
various stages of development of ontology, the phase
of indexing and information retrieval
We have conducted experimental and analytical
studies showing the relationship of constant and pulse
forms of current sedimentation on the physicochemical
properties of chrome coatings: adhesion
strength to the substrate, residual stress, fatigue life,
elongation and contraction, yield stress, and
endurance. We have shown the methods and modes
of use of dilute electrolyte of chromium plating with
organic additives, is capable of applying a chrome
coating on parts of agricultural machines, surpassing
the properties of the coatings obtained from
electrolytes that are recommended by the GOST
standards. The proposed hardening chemical-thermal
coating technology for chromium in the manufacture
and repairing of worn parts of agricultural machinery
(rods of hydraulic cylinders, journals of crankshafts,
spools, parts, gearboxes and transmissions, etc.),
identifies the consumption of additives modifiers,
proposed methods for their determination, confirmed
by patents for inventions. The proposed technology
of worn-out surfaces of parts of agricultural
machinery of layer-block structure of the chromium
coatings with improved properties. The influence of
modifying organic additives on the structure of the
intermediate surface film of colloidal trivalent
chromium compounds, which in combination with
the parameters of the bipolar pulse current allows you
to specifically adjust the physical and mechanical
properties of crystals of the deposited chromium
layer with a grid of cracks, and without them for the
required operating conditions of dry friction or oil environments, which increases the durability of the
parts during use. The increase in yield, at the current
6-8 %, to 4 times reduces the degree of
hydrogenation of the restored details, up to 3 times
reduces internal friction, roughness, improves the
limits of strength, toughness, elongation and
contraction, increases corrosion resistance up to 3
times, obtained chromium coatings
The article presents the analyzes results of the
deconstructive approach to the process of garment
designing, which consists in structural defects
modeling; it develops the systematization of projected
design effects based on the study of modeling defects,
analysis of their appearance and methods of
elimination. The purpose of the research is the further
development of designing methodology of structural
defects in sewing products
Based on the analysis of modern scientific approaches
to the construction of complex information-measuring
systems, we have formulated a circuit solutions model
of a distributed system of control of parameters of soil,
the implementation of which will allow to build
systems in small businesses
Currently, there is increasingly reduced number of the sites convenient for construction. In this regard
there is a question of development of new
territories, for various reasons which were earlier
considered economically unprofitable or unsuitable
for construction. Often, for construction in the
mountain area it is necessary to carry out
construction of objects in landslide territories.
However, landslide processes constitute big health
hazard and lives of people and also safety of
buildings and constructions. The main objective of
engineers when performing design and exploration
work on landslide territories is the determination of
stability of slopes and size of landslide pressure
from soil and also identification of the most
dangerous combination of loadings which can
demand design and construction of a construction
against landslide of landslide protection structures
with significant load-bearing capacity. The research
presented in article allows to define the most
dangerous loads affecting the stability of the slope
and also of the selection of a protective construction
(against landslide). Dependences of change of
landslide pressure and coefficient of stability of a
slope are received from action of various loadings
(both static, and dynamic)
The article dwells on the features of the calculation of a
branched electric circuit containing one or more asynchronous
short-circuited electric motors operating with
a load which depends on the parameters of the electric
circuit itself. A method for solving the problem of calculating
a circuit on the basis of the mathematical perturbation
method is proposed
The main application of tractors is in agriculture. The share of imports continues to grow in the structure of the agricultural machinery market. In recent years, many foreign tractors and agricultural machines, including John Deere, have been delivered to the fields of the Tyumen region. The rates of productivity and fuel-lubricants consumption for the agro-climatic conditions of the Tyumen region are not available for all tractors with agricultural machines. Therefore, for agricultural producers, their establishment becomes urgent. On the fields of agricultural enterprises of the Tyumen region, studies were conducted to establish the norms for fuel consumption and productivity of John Deere tractors with agricultural machines. The article presents the results of the study. For example, the productivity of a tractor in the «Malyshenskoye» conditions for a field located at a distance of 5-6 km and an average run length of 1,300 m can be in the range of 5.8-6.0 ha / h. Taking into account the natural and climatic conditions of the Tyumen region and the different physicomechanical composition of the soils, as well as the configuration of the fields and the run length during tillage, data were obtained of basic lubricants consumption. Recommendations on the use of fuel-lubricants consumption rates of modern tractors in the performance of various technological operations in agriculture will make it much easier to plan and calculate the operating costs of tractors with agricultural machines
The article discusses the model of a neuron with
memory. The proposed model is formed based on the
model of the dynamic neuron. The proposed solutions
allow to efficiently model dynamic processes and to
provide a two-level scheme for evolution of neural
networks. The first level of evolution is achieved using
traditional neuro-evolution models that allow you to
create or to modify basic network settings. The second
level allows you to track the history of the
development process. The article presents a formal
description of the proposed models and algorithms of
functioning of the network, is the rationale for the use
of the proposed models
The article focuses on the utilization of rice straw by chopping and splitting with a post-blade cylinder. The amount of rice production and rice straw in the Krasnodar region are specified in the article, as well as methods of utilization of non-grain part of rice harvest of rice, namely, burning in the field and use of rice straw as an organic fertilizer. The article describes a research on determination of the degree of rice straw humification under natural conditions at different parameters of its crushing and patching. According to the experimental results there was constructed a graph of the degree of rice straw humification by variants of the experiment. There was offered the projected constructive scheme of mobile trailer rice straw crusher from rolls in the article. The main results which were obtained to the present moment were shown in conclusions
The influence of auto-displacement in a resonancetunnel
diode (RTD) on the dynamic range of
amplifiers on these diodes is considered in the
article. The amplification at resonance frequency is
considered and the influence of higher harmonics
is not taken into account, since they do not create a
significant voltage drop at the nonlinear resistance
of the diode. It is assumed that the gain will be
sufficiently large, and then the nature of the
dependence of the gain factors on the degree of
regeneration will be the same for amplifiers "per
pass" and "reflection". This allows us to consider
the problem for both types of amplifiers on the
RTD. The types of amplitude characteristics ,
which are possible for the RTD amplifier, are
considered. The dependences of the parameter
determining the dynamic range of the amplifier on
the position of the operating point for several
values of the product of the resistance on the direct
current of the supply circuit are calculated for the
value of the modulus of the maximum negative
conductivity of the tunnel gap RG max. For each
value of RG max for given parameters, you can
determine the position of the operating point,
which provides the specified amplifier mode.
Dependences of the value of the dynamic range are
constructed with allowance for auto-displacement
and in the absence of auto-displacement for two
values of the degree of regeneration. Taking into
account autosplacement, two possible types of
amplitude characteristics and boundaries of their
existence were revealed. For these two types of
amplitude characteristics, expressions were
obtained that determine the dynamic range of the
amplifier
The work is done in scientific and practical directions
for minimization of power losses in transmission of
electricity to local distribution networks between the
actors of the energy (producers and consumers) of
energy-saving technologies focused on technological
activities such as modernization and reconstruction of
networks. Quite often in various circuits of power
systems, it is advisable to transfer energy and its power
through intermediate (transit) nodes. Structural
changes in the electricity sector, at present, are mainly
associated with the introduction of market relations
between the subjects of energy exchange; therefore, in
this work special attention is paid to the problem of
calculating the power losses, as it is nonlinearly
dependent on the power at the nodes and branches of a
network. It should be noted that the nodes in problems
transit capacity could be both sources and consumers.
The latter necessitated the need for search of possible
ways to reduce transportation losses of energy due to
both the improvement and optimization of distribution
networks and through the use of intermediate transit
nodes. It follows that the transportation problem in this formulation is more General and expands the
possibilities of optimization of power losses for the
local subsystems of the energy clusters. The work is
composed of the transport matrix for solving problems
transit capacity, where the algorithm taking into
account the distinctive features of which consist in the
use of continuous numbering of sources and
consumers in the matrix, and any node can be a transit
country. The transit capacity ii-th node Zii=0, and the
dimension of the matrix in contrast to the previously
considered tasks has (n+m) (n+m) and it remains
square as all the transport problems of linear
programming. Transit variables Xii are included in the
solution of the problem with a minus sign, and all
transit variables are considered basic. From the above
example in the work of a number of branches of a
network is minimal, which significantly reduces the
cost of building and maintaining the network, and the
solver minimizes the power loss between the subjects
of energy exchange and, as a result to savings from the
standpoint of cost of construction of the network and
the management of overflows of energy in it
One of the important issues in the design of static
converters of electric power, i.e. rectifiers and
inverters, is to calculate the parameters of the output
and the input filters. Output filters are designed to
improve the quality of output voltage of inverters, and
input filters are created to reduce ripple of the input
voltage of the converter that occur when commuting
power semiconductor devices, and smoothing
fluctuations of the current consumed from the power
supply. The complexity of analytical description of
the harmonic composition of the output and the input
of the voltage rectifiers and inverters makes it
difficult to develop some accurate methods for
calculating the parameters of their filters. At the same
time, considering the discreteness of the number of
possible parameters of real elements of the filter, the
practical value of such techniques with a high analysis
accuracy of the harmonic components is negligible. In
this article, we suggest the technique of the simplified
calculation of output and input filters for passive LC
filters rectifiers and inverters. At the same time, the
practice of mathematical modeling and design of
transducers has shown that the calculations of the
filter parameters for rectifiers and inverters are not
significantly different from each other. Therefore, the
analytical expressions for calculation of the filter
parameters of rectifier used ripple coefficient, and if
necessary the calculation of the filters of the inverter,
instead of the pulse number in the formula can be
substituted with the value of the harmonic; in
addition, we have also taken into account the value of
the load power factor
Fruits are an important part of the diet of humans and
many animals. In case of an improperly organized
process of storing of fruits, the loss of mass and
decrease of quality can be substantial. This makes
relevant the research, aimed at enhancing existing and
developing new technologies of fruits storing. In this
article, the results of the investigation of influence of
complex treatment of fruits with electromagnetic fields
of extremely low frequency (EMF ELF) and а biopreparation
on the change of microbial contamination
of their surface and on the loss of mass in the process
of long-term storage are revealed. Apples of the Idared
variety and pears of the Conference variety were the
objects of research. The change of microbial
contamination of the surface of fruits, undergone a few
types of pre-treatment (EMP ELF, bio-preparation
“Vitaplan”, complex treatment “EMP ELF + the biopreparation”
and no special treatment), after storing during 7 months in case of pears and 8 months in case
of apples is shown in the article. It was found, that the
greatest decrease of content of microorganisms on the
fruits’ surface is achieved as a result of the complex
treatment, combining the treatment with EMP ELF and
an aqueous solution of the “Vitaplan” bio-preparation.
The effective parameters of such a treatment for apples
and pears are represented
This article provides results of studying the world
achievements in modeling social systems in the
aspects of personality, group, and social institute (e.g.
the state and army). Through prism of conflict, we
review research methodology for modeling social
identity, social navigation, geopolitical processes, and
command and control systems of the enemy. We
discuss four agent-based models of social identity:
SCIPR, MetaContrast, PS-I, and SILAS. We examine
Spence model for modeling social navigation. Basic
principles for modeling relations between the states
are considered using ontology approach. The
presented model allows systemic analysis of various
micro- (intrastate) and macrolevel (external) variables
and relations between them. Modeling command and
control system of the enemy is implemented as a part
of an automated decision support system that tackles
the problems of enemy structure identification as well
as classification of objects and relations within the
structures. The object of study are approaches,
methods and models for representation and analysis of
group interaction. The subject of study are processes
of agent self-identification and interaction, formal and
informal organizations, the states and public institutes
as well as processes and principles for group
formation and mechanisms for behavior control.
Research methodology: social network analysis,
ontology approach, theory of graphs and hypergraphs,
multiagent systems
During an era of rapid development of society and all
areas of its activity, special attention should be paid to
a condition of the objects considerably simplifying
humans’ life. The car, which began to be an integral
part of each family, is among such objects. But
sometimes, the car can get into accident and then some
malfunctions appear. For their elimination, motorists
address to the specialized organizations for car repairs.
The article is devoted to introduction of information
technologies to the sphere of rescue and recovery
operations of a body of the car. Today, a necessary
condition of advance in the sphere of information
technologies is widespread introduction of standards
and technologies of the information systems used both
for hardware, and for software products. In this study,
the efficiency of application of the complex of
hardware (CH) by means of which achievement of
improvement of quality of rescue and recovery
operations, through a possibility of comparison of the
damaged detail with its factory model and a possibility
of quality check of the end result will be considered.
The set of methods and techniques of the organization
of information processes in the production systems
allowing carrying out the choice and use of necessary
information technical solution for synthesis of
knowledge of a production situation makes contents of
the concept of formation of information resource of a
control system of the knowledge-intensive production
The article explores the distinctive features of project
management in the field of information technologies in
general and in system integration in particular. We
have analyzed and explored the success of project
management cases in global practice of project
management in information technologies, explored the
criteria of success in projects and its evolution
throughout the history. The article also investigates the
main problems and risks in project realization and
identifies the factors, causing the negative effect on
project management. We have explored the
interconnections between the identified problems and
the lifecycle of the project and the fundamental
features of the project management. We have also paid
attention to the role of the project manager and the
importance of his contribution to the project. We have
worked out a set of measures entitled to minimize the
identified risks and to increase the success of project
management in information technologies and system
integration
Due to the recommendation of the World Health
Organization, the standard rate of vegetables
consumption for a person per year is 130-150 kg,
including up to 15 kg of fresh production during the
off-season. To meet these standards in Russia, the
construction of greenhouses and greenhouse
complexes was sped up. To cultivate the bulk of
vegetables in the conditions of protected soil we have
mostly used winter greenhouses. At the same time, in
terms of the climatic conditions, the main production
costs are accounted for energy carriers (up to 60 –
70%). The main consumers of energy in greenhouses
are plants’ lighting and creation of the required
temperature conditions for plants and soil. Annual
increase of rates for energy carriers affects the cost of
the greenhouses’ production. To increase the energy
efficiency and independence in greenhouse complexes,
it is proposed to use installations based on gas
reciprocating units (GRU) for the production of two
types of energy – electric and thermal. Such
installations can run on the natural gas and other types
of fuel. The drawback of existing installations is that
they are mainly produced abroad or consist of the
foreign components. As an alternative, we offer new
technical solutions, which were developed and
patented in the Russian Federation. What makes these
solutions original is that asynchronous generators in
the installations are used with various control schemes
Now in different branches of the industry there is a need for the new equipment and mechanisms with the seized characteristics. Special requirements are shown to energetic and mass-dimensional indices of systems of electric drives as one of the main components of such devices. Mass-dimensional and energetic indices due to constructional features and the used management system will allow improving use of special or controlled asynchronous cascade systems of an electric actuator of cylindrical construction. One of the main difficulties is simulation and design of special systems of the electric drive. In this article, a new approach to determination of magnetic model parameters of the stator of a component of the controlled asynchronous cascade electrical drive of cylindrical construction is offered
The transportation process plays an important role in the
delivery of agricultural products to the consumer. On
how well the fruits are preserved, their grade will
depend, and, consequently, the price of them. It is
known, that the annual damage from losses of
agricultural products in the agro-industrial complex
amounts to 8 billion rubles, according to various
estimates. A large number of different factors affect the
safety of fruits during transportation: temperature,
humidity, smoothness of the vehicle, type of container,
etc. The more factors will have a negative impact on
fruit and vegetable products, the more losses will
ultimately be. The appearance of dents and abrasions on
the fruits gives rise to the formation of foci of rot,
leading to damage to the transported products, and, as a
consequence, reducing the grade. In order to reduce the
losses of fruit and vegetable products in the process of
transportation, the USSR and the Russian Federation
have been and are working on the creation of containers
and ways of transporting pomegranates. All of them, according to the authors, are able to reduce the dynamic
loads that arise during the transportation process and
have a negative impact on the transported products.
However, due to various circumstances in commercial
gardening all these developments have not been
extended
Life Sciences
The article considers the current state of production
of grain crops in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
The analysis of gross collection, structural shifts,
sowing area and yield of grain crops over the past
five years is being carried out. Also, the application
of mineral and organic fertilizers to crops of cereals
is being investigated, since their application is of
great importance for obtaining high and stable
harvests of grain crops. Based on the results of the
analysis, conclusions were drawn and ways of
development of grain production in the republic were
outlined
Lodging resistant is a very important factor of limitation of the yield of barley. The yield of lodged crops may be decreased up to 50%. The quality of the yield also deteriorates which negatively affects brewery characteristics. The lodging resistance of a variety is determined genetically and depends on a plant height and weather conditions during dynamic vegetation. One of the main aims of breeding of the crop for lodging resistance is the selection of short-stem varieties. However, a thorough study of the basic material and determination of its adaptability to a particular soil and climatic zone and suitability of its usage as parental forms are needed. The article covers the plant height of collection varieties of winter barley in the central zone of Krasnodar region and determines the groups of the varieties based on this trait. The dynamic of plant height formation depending on the vegetative conditions during five years is studied. The examination of lodging resistance of winter barley revealed that there are many non-lodging forms of the crop. New local varieties and lines have short and strong culms. Also, some varieties from Western Europe and the USA show its good lodging resistance under these conditions
The influence of growth, its ripened part and the
diameter of the vine at the base of the shoot on the
growth power of 922 seedlings of 55 combinations of
crosses in 2011 and 2012 was studied (planting scheme
3 x 1 m), seedlings of grapes of the second and third
years of vegetation in the field conditions of the
Southern coast of Crimea. The mean vine maturation
for all populations was 64.7%, the diameter at the base
of the shoots was 3.3 mm. After pruning to reverse
growth, in the third year of vegetation of seedlings
(2014), the length of growth of shoots increased
significantly and the average for populations it became
73.3 cm. The coefficient of variation increased, 26%, -
it acquired the character of a significant deviation from
the general population. This happened because the
seedlings, which had a vine growth less than 25 cm in
the second year of vegetation, had a growth of only 35
cm in the third year, whereas in all seedlings that had a
growth of more than 30 cm, in the following year shoots increased almost 1, 5 and 2 times more.
Formulas are proposed for estimating the growth force
of seedlings according to the 9-score scale OIV (OIV)
Alternation of crops, will remain a fundamental
element of zonal technologies of their cultivation for a
long time. Application of methods of mathematical
model operation will allow to come to new level in
the solution of the questions of effective use of an
arable land, through application of models optimizing
it. Results of researches which basis data of long-term
observations are will be especially valuable. They
used data of the long-lived stationary experiments on
studying of alternation of crops in crop rotations of
last more than five rotation. Stationary experiences
are located in a forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia
on the fields FGBNU "SIBNIISKH". The purpose of
researches consisted in optimization of use of an
arable land at application of methods of mathematical
model operation for preservation of soil fertility. The
model allowing when performing particular
conditions is given in work (balance of a humus, work
expense, a metabolic cost, etc.) to optimize use of an
arable land against the background of preservation of
soil fertility of the soil, receiving production,
economic and power efficiency. It is shown that at
alternation of grain crops with clear steam, formation
of a harvest happens due to natural fertility of the soil
what the negative balance of a humus which reaches
0,18 – 0,78 tons from hectare testifies to. At
alternation of field cultures without clear steam the
harvest was formed against the background of
reproduction of organic matter of the soil, due to
increase in vegetable oddments from use of fertilizers,
the balance of a humus was positive – 0,15 – 0,28
tons from hectare. Use along with clear steam, busy
steam, colza on green fertilizer, and also straw as
organic fertilizer for grain crops, 2,01 tons from
hectare of commodity grain were received, at a share
of clear steam – 16,8%, busy steam – 11%, summer
grain – 72,2% of arable land. Increasing in crop
rotations of West Siberian Square with use as organic
fertilizer of straw, busy vapors and green fertilizers, it is possible to achieve reproduction of fertility of the
soil with some decrease in an exit of commodity grain
to 2 tons from hectare
In order to ensure import substitution and threshold
values of meat production, it is necessary to stabilize
the livestock of animals and introduce intensive
technologies. In conditions of arid steppes, the animals
of Kalmyk, Hereford and Aberdeen-Angus breeds are
best suited to stall-pasture technology. Before weaning
from mothers at 7-8 months of age, their offspring is
grown without additional feeding, just mothers’ milk.
Therefore, the growth rate of suckling young animals
rarely exceeds 850 grams of daily growth, while the
live weight reaches 400-450 kilograms at the age of 18
months, with some advantage in favor of the young
generation of Hereford breed. Using the intensive 9-
months growing at the fattening complex with feeding
from the self-feeders ensured the average daily gain in
the Kalmyk bull-calves at the level of 1398 grams, and
for the Aberdeen-Angus and Hereford breeds the
growth is 1533 grams. The highest growth energy, live
weight (661 kilograms), was with Hereford bulls.
From bulls of the native Kalmyk breed with intensive
technology of growing, a heavy body weight increase
of 331 kilograms at 18 months of age was obtained.
All tested samples of meat according to
microbiological indicators comply with the
requirements of the Technical Regulations
Searching for new promising plant growth regulators
and antidotes, we have synthesized a series of Nsubstituted
naphthalene-2-sulfonylamides. Synthesized
compounds have been studied as potential growth
regulators of economically significant crops - winter
wheat, sugar beet, sunflower, soybean, and herbicide
antidotes for sunflower growing plants. The substances
with high growth stimulating and antidote effect were
found
Winter wheat is very demanding on the nutrient regime of the soil. Like many winter crops, it consumes the nutrients unevenly distributed during the vegetation period, which must be considered when making them. Modern varieties of winter wheat are very demanding to soil fertility. For the formation of 4,0-4,5 t/ha requires about 140 kg of nitrogen, 50 kg phosphorus and 120 kg potassium. Therefore, without the use of fertilizers, it is not possible to obtain such a crop with high grain quality. In addition, in the cultivation of winter wheat in the high and intensive technologies simply need using large amounts of fertilizer to compensate for the removal of nutrients. This is especially important when having partial or complete reduction of application of organic fertilizers. Therefore, we consider the possibility and the results of studies using different doses, combinations and types of fertilizers in technology of winter wheat cultivation. Experimental studies were carried out in the conditions of insufficient and unstable moistening of southern zone of Rostov region, on experimental fields of the federal state scientific institution «ASС «Donskoy». For research, we have chosen the most common varieties of winter wheat (Tanais, Granite, Axinite, Terra, Donskoy prostor, Motto) and various combinations and combinations of mineral and organic fertilizers. The experiments were conducted on two predecessors: couples and peas. As the controllable parameters we had the productivity and quality of winter wheat. We have found a positive impact of the in-change of fertilizer on the studied parameters with a share of the variance of 96% and a high degree of correlation of 0,98. The marked increase in the productivity of winter wheat is up to 22% when using different versions of the experiment. We have identified rational combination doses of mineral and organic nutrition for predecessors: peas N40P60K40+2N30 and vapor – manure 40t/ha+2Р60+2N30
The ecological state of soil on the globe is unstable.
Intensification of agricultural production is
accompanied by negative trends in changes in soil
fertility. One of the most important indicators of soil
fertility is its structural state. With a long time
cultivation of grapes in one place, the physical
properties of the soil deteriorate. The purpose of our
research is to study the process of destruction of soil
structure during the cultivation of vineyards. The
object of research is the soils of plots of various
agricultural uses (vineyards, field crop rotation, forest
belts). The research methods used in the work are
route-field surveys, a laboratory study of the waterphysical
properties of the soil. The article presents the
data of the structural-aggregate composition of the soil
from plots of various agricultural uses. From the data
given, it can be seen that the soil occupied by the vine
plantations is characterized by a poor structure and low
structure of the arable horizon. The share of
agronomically valuable aggregates is 40.4%, the
structural coefficient is 0.68 units, while in the forest
belt this figure is 5.7 units. The increased mechanical
load on the soil during the cultivation of vineyards
leads to a deterioration in the physical properties of the
soil. Soil with low indicators of physical condition is
more susceptible to erosion processes, such as water
and wind erosion. Water erosion annually causes great
damage to agricultural lands throughout the world. The
article clearly demonstrates and scientifically
substantiated the negative effect of the system of soil
content of vineyards on the type of black steam. Also
proposed are ways to reduce the mechanical load on
the soil and prevent the development of degradation
processes in the soils of vineyards
In the article there were analyzed the different approaches of Soviet and Russian authors to the assessment of soils regarding to agro-ecological factors. There was given the characteristic of natural-economic zones territorially entering the Azov-Kuban lowland by main soil-climatic indexes. There was considered the valuation of soils which determines their relative value and suitability on main factors of natural fertility or their groups, it serves as a criteria of unification of soils into agro-ecological groups. There were shown the main indexes and order of grouping of soils under unification of different soils into agro-ecological groups. There was calculated the “normative” productivity of main agricultural crops on natural-economic zones of Azov-Kuban lowland which defines the agro-productive value of soil. There were revealed the disadvantages of soil assessment method used in the course of state cadastre valuation of agricultural lands asserted by the order of the Ministry of Economic Development from 20.09.2010 № 445. There were cited the specific rates of cadastre cost (SRCC) of agricultural lands on municipal entities of Krasnodar region. There was given the assessment of obtained data regarding to natural-climatic factors of the region, there were made proposals on optimization of trends of further researches on claimed problem
The article presents the results of research in the field
of suppression of thistle field Cirsium arvense in sunflower
crops under different methods of tillage
Acidic properties of the mineral matrix of meadow
chernozem and meadow-boggy soils of Krasnodar
region are characterized by a total adsorption capacity
of ammonia in the range of 32-61 µmol / g. The lowest
acidity of the matrix was observed under conditions of
permanent rice cultivation for 80 years (32-
33 µmol NH3/g). The mineral matrix of rice soils
depends on the meliorative state and the granulometric
composition of these soils. At low fields of meadowboggy
soils, heavier in granulometric composition, the
total acidity of the mineral matrix is 51-
53 µmol NH3/g on high checks of lighter meadow
chernozem soils – 34-45 µmol NH3/g. In the upper
soil, with a less acidic matrix, the Fe3+ content
increases and the amount of Fe2+ decreases. The
reverse pattern is found in the lower soil with more
pronounced acidic properties of the matrix. A
proportional relationship between the humus content
and the acidic properties of the mineral matrix is
found. The highest yield of rice is formed on meadow
chernozem soils with a less acidic mineral matrix
The article considers the accelerated reprocessing
technology for recycling pig manure into organic
fertilizer. Today, closely relevant is the matter of
environmentally friendly technologies for cattle
manure utilization. Export of wastes in its pure form to
agricultural land cannot be applied, because disease
causing and chemical compound penetrated the soil,
entered the groundwater and contaminated many water
sources. Experiments for the accelerated reprocessing
of the pig manure into organic fertilizer were
conducted on the basis of PCF No. 2 of the APC
"Maryanskaya" in the Krasnoarmeisky district. With
the aim of eliminating the filtering of pollutants in soil
and groundwater, the experiment was performed in a
concreted area, located within a farm. For the test, we
used pig manure of animals, whose age was 2-8
months. The total weight of used manure was 40 t. The
accumulation of manure was carried out in containers,
containing 4 tons; the total time for the accumulation
of necessary amount of manure for 2 months.
Comparing the quality of compost obtained by the
proposed technology recommended for industrial
applications, control, we found differences in the
chemical and biological properties. Overall, the
conducted experiment has allowed to establish that the
best option, given the speed of the flow of chemical
and biological processes, demands environmental
protection, is composting manure with straw, adding a
biological product "Tamir" at the rate of 0.5 l/t. The
Obtained results are comparable with data of previous
years and indicate the possibility of reducing the
quantity of a biological product from 1 to 0.5 l/t of
waste without reducing the efficiency of the process of
accelerated decomposition of nitrogenous organic
compounds
The experiment considered the influence of different
methods of agricultural technologies on the yield of
winter barley in the dependence of the investigated
factors. The studies were carried out at the
experimental station of Kuban State Agrarian
University in the conditions of multifactorial longterm
soil monitoring. The experiment was carried out
in a typical 11-field grain-grass-tillage crop rotation
with the following alternation of crops: alfalfa, alfalfa,
winter wheat, winter barley, sugar beet, winter wheat,
corn for grain, winter wheat, sunflower, winter wheat,
spring barley with sowing of alfalfa. Stationary
experience is represented by the following factors: the
level of fertility (factor A); fertilizer system (factor B);
plant protection system (factor C) and methods of
basic soil cultivation (factor D). The relationship
between the influence of the soil fertility level,
fertilizer norms, plant protection products, the soil
cultivation system and yield, and the crop structure of
the perspective winter barley variety ‘Gordey’ were
determined. The soil is chernozem leached superheavy
light-clay with an average thickness of the
humus horizon - 150 cm. It is found that fertilizer, soil
treatment, seeding method; protective means increase
the yield of winter barley and positively influences the
elements of the yield structure. The yield increase in
comparison with the control changed from 10.4 to 26.8
c / ha. The statistical processing data show that the
fertilizer system (35.8%) and soil cultivation (27%)
had a certain influence on the number of productive
stems; the fertilizer system (44.6%) influenced the
spike size, the fertilizer system (28%) and the tillage
(32.8%) had influence on the amount of grain in the
spike and influenced the mass of grain from the spike
Increasing the productivity of agricultural plants,
including rice, is the most important area of breeding.
The creation of varieties with vertically leaved
architectonics allows to have a qualitative approach
not only to the process of formation of a highly
productive agrocenosis, but also to solve questions of
assessing the productivity of rice. To create highly
productive varieties, it is necessary to develop new,
more efficient methods of selection
The fattening of Holstein cattle for more than 90 % provides the beef cattle division of the firm «Agrocomplex» based in the village of Vyselki, the Krasnodar region. The share of the Aberdeen Angus breed is 6.3 % and Charolais at 0.6 %. The reason for insufficient supply with fattening complex of Charolais cattle is a high indicator of severe parturition, postpartum complications, and reduced productive longevity of cows of breeding herds of these breeds. In a "Livestock complex" bulls of breeds of Holstein, Charolais and Aberdeen Angus reach the required values of live weight for the established standards of the breeding time. Charolais have the best indicators of absolute and relative weight gain and the shortest feeding season. The profitability of cattle fattening in CJSC company "Agrocomplex" is low, but the efficiency of the industry is ensured by the presence of its own processing plants. To improve the profitability of beef production it is required to increase the proportion of specialized breeds for meat productivity; to generate the most uniform by age and live weight of the group; identify the cause of the high rate of culling of Charolais cows for postpartum complications and take action to address them
In the soils of rice fields, eluvial gley processes
develop, which are manifested in redistribution of silty
particles along the profile, water-soluble humus,
mobile compounds of iron and phosphorus. Most
intensively, these processes are developed in meadowbog
soils, confined to closed depressions of the plains
plain. Meadow-black soils lying on elevated relief
elements have more favorable physical, physicochemical
and oxidation-reduction properties for
cultivating rice and accompanying crops in crop
rotation. The highest yield of rice is formed on high
checks and higher at 12,4 c/ha than on low ones
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article attempts to study the participation of
student of the Chechen-Ingush state pedagogical /
teacher training Institute A. N. Medina in the great
Patriotic war of 1941-1945, to gather biographical
information about him
The article attempts to highlight the problems of
restoring the autonomies of the repressed peoples of
Russia during the Great Patriotic War. Karachais,
Kalmyks, Chechens, Ingush, Balkars and other
peoples were forcibly relocated to the eastern regions
of the country, and their autonomies were abolished.
And only after the death of Stalin began the process
of softening the special settlement regime for
deported peoples. However, the decisive role was
played by the 20th Congress of the Party, held in
February 1956. At a closed meeting of the congress,
the eviction of peoples, NS. Khrushchev called "a
gross violation of the national policy of the Soviet
state." The Twentieth Party Congress proposed
reviving the illegally abolished national autonomies
of repressed peoples. Public condemnation of mass
repressions against the peoples of the North Caucasus
was of great importance for the fate of deported
ethnic groups, facilitated a number of measures to
restore justice
Ethnic minorities’ traditional forms of economy and business are the object of a research. The common law norms in the sphere of traditional environmental management has included in researches subject domain. The list of the representative and verified sources of ethnological examinations and regional ethnological monitoring definition was the purpose of the conducted research. Assessment of information importance of the working documentation and printed materials, which had formed at United Nations Development Program (UDNP) implementation in the territory of the Russian Federation is carried out. Experience of implementation of the PROON/GEF project "Preservation of a biodiversity in the Russian part of the Altai-Sayansk ecoregion" (2006-2012)" is given as an example. The program covered six territorial subjects of the Russian Federation, all “native’s societies, referred to category "indigenous ethnic groups of the North, Siberia and the Far East", tens of national public associations and research groups. The attention is focused on the projects directed on ethnological monitoring organization and on the interaction system between the autochthonic population, municipal authorities, wildlife refuge and national parks management. The problems of rural settlement population connected with alternative (traditional) employment forms development have been lifted also. The plots connected with the common law norms place in the sphere of ethnic business definition have been considered on the basis of office work sources analysis. Common law norms were considered as the traditional communication systems and as the social regulato
Social Sciences and Humanities
The quality of life of the population of the region is an
important integral criterion of estimation of efficiency
of activity of regional administration. The most
important strategic sector of the economy of the
Krasnodar region is the agro-industrial complex (AIC).
This poses the problem of management of the quality
of life of the region through the use of as the control
factor of the volume and direction of investment in
agriculture
This article proposes the creation of a cluster of
breweries, which aims to unite the efforts of the
brewing manufacturers that allow the participants to
improve the effectiveness of the functioning of the
common sharing of resources, to ensure the growth
of competitive advantages, find sales channels not
only at regional, but also on foreign markets. At the
same time, they are able to provide a higher level of
efficiency, balance and handling of the economy.
Increased efficiency is achieved by increasing the
productivity of labor, the creation of common
infrastructure (information, supply and marketing,
etc.). Access to foreign markets and empower
consumers to search for products from waste
breweries. A method of utilization of brewery waste
in landfills is the simplest, but from the standpoint of
environmental and material component is not
effective, so the re-use, recycling of waste and byproducts
can not only remove the threat of
environmental pollution, but also to significant
income processor of this waste. But for the purchase,
installation of the necessary equipment, training a
person, the necessary skills to work with non-waste
production cash costs are required, which not every
company can invest. Thus, the use of the cluster
approach in a business combination for interest in the
use of secondary (low-waste) production, the
introduction of resource-saving, "green" technologies
determined by the specifics of the cluster, namely,
give the enterprises belonging to it, effect is expressed in the increasing environmental and
economic sustainability and the competitiveness of
the entire system as compared to the individual
business entities
The theme of the development of trade relations within the regional associations is currently very relevant. The presented article examines the indicators characterizing the dynamics of Russia's exports and imports with other members of the Eurasian Economic Union. The structure of export and import of the EAEU countries with third countries is studied. The most perspective directions of Russia's foreign trade policy aimed at deepening integration within the framework of the EAEU are analyzed. Trade trends in the EAEU are analyzed in detail. The reasons for the reduction in the supply of goods to Russia from some of the countries of the Unified Energy System are revealed: economic instability, the depreciation of the Russian ruble against the US dollar, high inflation and a decline in the purchasing power of the Russian population. The negative and positive impact on the trade turnover of Russia of the devaluation of its national currency is assessed. Particular attention is paid to the impact of mutual Russian-Western sanctions on trade relations in the EAEU. The authors conclude that stimulating the development of trade relations between the EAEU countries should become one of the priority directions of the economic policies of the member countries, since it has a special significance for strengthening economic ties and bringing the economies of the EAEU economies closer to the level of development
The presence of an ethnic component at economic space of
the territory allows gaining synergy effect and increasing
competitive advantages of the region. In the article, it is
revealed that the clustering of business activity in the sphere
of ethnic economy will promote growth of economy of the
Krasnodar region, increase in efficiency of interaction of
subjects of small and medium business and growth of their
internal potential in the added economic conditions of
managing. Options of agro-industrial clusters are offered
and the conditions necessary for creation of these integration
forms of managing are defined. Our way to a judgment, the
modern economic policy pursued by organs of the regional
power shall be directed to maximizing ethnoeconomic
potential of economic space of the territories. Creation of
ethnoclusters allows not only to increase efficiency of ethnic
production by means of implementation of innovative
technologies in case of manufacture of competitive
production, but also to use possibilities of waste-free
production, promotes implementation of culture of
traditional environmental management, allows ethnoses to
offer the made production in the international market. The
difficulties interfering effective functioning of the Cossack
farms are revealed. It is defined that use of model of the
Cossack farms of innovative type at the level of the region
will allow to solve a row of tasks: 1) to increase production
of agricultural production; 2) to provide inflow of income to
the budget; 3) to increase quality of the produced food; 4) to
provide growth of competitiveness of regional producers; 5)
to increase employment of the population involved in
agriculture; 6) the food market will act as the "growth point"
generating pulses of development of other local markets of
the region
The article looks at the theoretical bases of ecologically oriented modernization of economy. It proposes the formation of environmental and economic indicators at macro and microeconomic levels, whose features are shown at different levels. It gives the justification of ecological and technological renewal aimed at creating conditions for a competitive transition to the use of environmentally friendly technologies and products. Among environmentally friendly technologies, renewable energy is the most important, and among organic products, their most important form is organic agricultural products. Ways of environmental and institutional development are associated with both the transformation of existing taxation and the improvement of economic and legal issues in the formation of a low-carbon economy and organic production. The article also demonstrates the relationship of general institutional reforms with the development of science and education to rationalize the relationships in Russia between natural, human and physical capital
The article considers some issues of organizing the
recording of production costs by their location based
on the specific features of industries with integrated
use of raw materials on the example of the milling
industry. In the authors’ view, the main disadvantage
of accounting production costs and determining the
cost of production with integrated use of raw materials
is tackling the problems of delineation of costs
between the products received, but not the problems of
organizing accounting and isolating costs by their
location and by cost drivers, which leads to the
application of the simple (proportional) method of
accounting for production costs and determining the
cost of production. The authors set out a theoretical
basis for the allocation of responsibility centers and the
classification of production costs in accordance with
the content and objectives of Management Accounting,
which makes it possible to determine their composition
and structure for enterprises of the milling industry. It
was suggested that the method of accounting
production costs depending on the wholesale price of
products could be applied, which would enable flourmilling
enterprises of Krasnodar Territory to increase
the profitability of the goods produced, increase profits
and reduce production costs
The urgent task is to ensure the effective functioning
of the agrarian business in a market economy, fierce
competition. Important factors are the solution of tasks
to improve the financial stability of organizations, the
competitiveness of their products in the domestic and
foreign food markets for the further development of
the domestic agro-industrial complex. The article
discusses of the development of agricultural
production in the economic aspects. In particular,
problems in taxation and accounting, financial
planning and cooperation of subjects of agrarian
business are noted, problems of small farm (peasant)
economy are highlighted. A conclusion is stated on the
importance of state regulation in the development of
Russia's agro-industrial complex. Measures taken by
the state for the development of the agrarian business,
in turn, will allow Russia if not to exclude, but
significantly reduce the import dependence on food
products
Considering the pluralistic nature of the process of interpreting modern theorists of individual elements of economic reality, the main purpose of this article manifests the need to clarify the integrity and uniformity of approach to objective reflection of the realities of the economy. The basis for study in this work selected the category is "cost-permanent", an example of which is shown differentiation theoretical-economists views, that in the opinion of the author makes it difficult to harmonize the interpretations of the economic system, and therefore the subject of the article is of particular relevance. To prove the existence of a dichotomy of views within the scientific article analyzes the general population sources of theories about the nature of persistence fixed costs and based on exploitation mathematical and statistical apparatus disclosed each side of the existing concepts. Assuming that high-quality and reliable information on the level of management activities - the key to making competent and reasonable management decisions, according to the analysis to overcome the distortion of the generated objectification developed an integrated approach to understanding the category of fixed costs. The integral approach is argued by the admissibility of the existence of several points of view and the possibility of reducing them to one, which is the scientific novelty of the work
The article defines the main principles of formation
of the digital economy of Russia, giving
opportunities for the Russian market, allowing more
flexibly and effectively integrate with global markets.
We have given the expected effects of the formation
of the digital economy. We have presented
tendencies of global information integration, enable
us to significantly expand the Russian it market and
the market of financial technologies. The influence of
the ecosystem of the digital economy for the
modernization of the banking sector. Today one of
the major players in financial markets of the Russian
Federation of Sberbank of Russia shows the largest
percentage of innovation. Thanks to the use of
artificial intelligence in making decisions during the
first half of 2017 Sberbank of Russia earned 371
million, higher than last year by 38%. In the future
Sberbank plans to fully move into the digital space
and create a new banking platform. The study
highlighted opportunities offered by the ecosystem of
the digital economy: the globalization of the world
economic space; the blurring of the boundaries
between the economies of developed countries; a
significant proportion of global investment in
research projects and technology start-UPS dedicated
to artificial intelligence, robotics, big data
technology; a high percentage of use of new
information technologies and cloud computing in the
economy. And also, the possibility of using
digitalization for the whole new level of human
development
Theme of the study is to explore priorities and mechanisms of state support of development of rural territories in the EU. The goal is to consider the priorities of the European countries in the management of development of rural territories. To achieve this goal have been resolved following tasks: we have studied the European concept of rural development, analysed by the European institutional framework to support the development of rural areas, considered priorities and mechanisms of financing of programs of development of rural territories. The study used economic and statistical methods and a systematic approach. The study is based on the study of legislative acts of the European Union, author’s calculations.It is determined that the management of development of rural territories in the EU is implemented in accordance with territorial-ness of the approach. It is revealed that the development of rural areas became the second of the General directions in the common agricultural policy of the EU. It is shown that a program of development of rural areas OS-based on six priorities established by the EU regulation, and is funded by Xia from the European agricultural Fund for rural development (EAFRD), with mandatory co-financing from national or regional budgets. Basic provisions, conclusions and recommendations can be used by the authorities of the Russian Federation for the formation of an effective system of sustainable development of rural areas. The author concludes that the European model of rural development is comprehensive and the rural territory is considered as a unified socio-economic and natural complex, and accordingly measures for the development of rural territories have a wide range of areas, from preserving and enhancing ecosystems agriculture and forestry to create jobs in rural areas
The objectives of the study were: studying of the theoretical aspects of marketing activities and their role in the organization's production and economic activities, carrying out of analysis of its financial and economic activities, substantiating of the directions for improving the marketing activities of the organization in order to improve its efficiency and sustainability. The object of our study is the agricultural enterprise of FSUE "Pravoberezhny" in Temryuk district. The main activity of the company is the cultivation of cereals and milk production. In general, having analyzed the relative indicators of financial stability of FSUE "Pravoberezhny", we can make a conclusion about financial independence of the enterprise. We have made a proposal to process the milk produced by the farm for baby food in order to increase its sales along with the revenue and profit of the farm. The calculation of the effectiveness indicators of the proposed activity illustrates its feasibility and high efficiency. The payback period amounts to 1 year and 1 month, the net present value of the project is more than 6.6 million rubles. The article provides an optimal and real distribution of the organization's budget for advertising. The opening of the marketing department at FSUE "Pravoberezhny" could lead to the increasing of the revenue of the enterprise and the calculations prove the feasibility of the project for its creation. The modernization of the logo of FSUE "Pravoberezhny" is suggested
The relevance of this study stems from the fact that in
recent years, the development of the banking sector is
undergoing a qualitative change, and this determines
the level of competition in the market of banking
products and services. Bank innovation is an important
and challenging directions of further functioning of the
Russian banking institutions. The article examines the
nature of banking innovation, the classification of
banking products, the degree of knowledge of different
authors on this issue, the possibilities and prospects of
implementation of innovation in the banking sector,
the benefits obtained by all parties of this process
The article highlights high level of agricultural production and promising export potential of the Krasnodar region. The authors provide analysis of market segments of export growth in grain business, consider opportunities of increasing competitiveness by improving production of grain, import substitution, and focusing on export. It is noted, that the cost of imported food in value chain terms in our country had reached an enormous rate, and that government had realized the need of strengthening food security and transferring production of traditional produce, which are forming the basis of consumption of the local population, to the domestic market. The authors point out that we need temporary moderate state protectionism and protection of the domestic market with the aim of modernizing the economy, attracting investors in the important fields of production with high risks. The main problems and solutions that will help to further successful implementation of this strategy in the sectors of grain economy are also defined. The article shows that the Krasnodar region has the most effective rural industrial structure, the best climate in the country, enlarged crop rotation, cheap labor resources, extensive experience in agricultural business. The authors propose adopting a set of measures of reducing systemic risks and enhancing competition in grain business; to reduce lending rates to 3-5 % to revive the lost ground in livestock breeding, particularly in pig and cattle, the basis of which is the production of grain, and also improve the scheme of distribution of state support
The article deals with the energy security of Russia in
conditions of sanctions and the globalization of the
modern economy in the world community. It is
substantiated that energy security is the main factor
of political and socio-economic stability of each
state. Russia is not an exception. For many years it
has been the world's largest net exporter of oil and
gas, mainly due to the weakness of the economic
system; the main problems of the oil refining industry
are considered; we have also given the definition of
energy security; the energy security of Russia is
analyzed in the conditions of the crisis. An estimation
of the export of domestic goods is given, the reserves
of the regions are considered according to the level of
extraction of oil resources, the rating of the largest oil
companies is determined by the level of average daily
oil production. It is concluded that for a successful
export, the redistribution of significant oil reserves
between regions within the country will require a
relatively long period, not one or two years. It was
revealed that the level of domestic production is not
fully capable of providing consumers with the
necessary products, for which Russia implements the
policy of modernization and reconstruction of the
fuel and energy complex. Russia has been one of the
leading oil exporters for many years, the main
indicators of the oil sector have been examined, the
definition of economic security and energy security
has been defined. The energy security of Russia is
analyzed in the conditions of the crisis, as well as the
globalization of the world economy. A brief
description of the energy security policy of the
Russian Federation is given. An assessment is given
of both the world oil sector and the Russian oil
sector, based on this assessment, a conclusion has
been drawn about the deteriorating conjecture of the
oil industry. A correlation-regression analysis of the
effect of oil prices on the quotes of the Russian ruble was conducted, and on the basis of the findings it was
concluded that the Russian economy is in a
sufficiently strong dependence on oil prices. The
possible variant of reducing such dependence through
the increase in the role of SPIMEX in the
international arena and the creation of an oil
benchmark in the Russian Federation were
considered and described
The problem of TNCs expansion as an objective
factor of globalization is urgent for the Russian
economy at the present stage. The process of TNCs
expansion has gone through several stages, and has
its positive and negative consequences. The
contradictory nature of TNCs introduction and
operation on Russian consumer market affected its
boundaries, structure and volumes. A number of the
transnationalization indicators in the sectors of
Russian economy reached their ultimate values.
This involves assessing the consequences of
transnationalization in the context of country's
economic security, identifying measures of state
policy to protect the borders and economic potential
of the consumer market. The aggregate of state
measures in industrial and structural policy should
be aimed at accelerating domestic production
growth, formation of stable borders and volumes of
the consumer market, and ensuring the effectiveness
of its functioning
The performance indicators of a trading company in
physical and monetary terms is significantly affected
by the types and volumes of purchased and sold
products, and which she purchased suppliers and the
consumers sold. However, the solution to the problem
of choosing the rational range of products faces
considerable cost of computational and human
resources, and lack of baseline data, and in real
dimensions this problem has no solution. The paper
proposes such a solution is very economical in costs of
different types of resources based on the application of
information theory, cognitive and control theory
The article is devoted to the evaluation of the
influence of the interest rate policy of the central
bank (CB) on the deposit policy of commercial
banks. The author analyzes the dynamics of the
Central Bank's key interest rate, weighted average
interest rates to individuals funds obtained raised by
credit organizations. Particular attention was paid to
regression analysis to determine the dependence of
rates on deposits of individuals from the Central
Bank's key rate. The authors presented the forecasted
values of interest rates on deposits of individuals,
which clearly demonstrate the current situation of the
deposit policy of commercial banks. A number of
indicators that affect the change in interest rates on
deposits of individuals are considered. In addition,
the main positions on improving the deposit policy
are presented. The conclusion is drawn that interest
rates on deposits depend on a whole spectrum of both
external and inner banking components. Each bank
develops its own deposit policy, determining the
terms, types of deposits and their interest, terms of
conducting deposit operations, relying on the
specifics of their activities and taking into account
the factor of competition with other banks and the
inflationary processes that occur in the economy
The article examines the degree of economic
efficiency of cultural institutions based on the example
of the Magadan Municipal Autonomous Institution of
Culture "Culture Center" - one of the largest in the city
and the region. Current issues are discussed and
proposed solutions are highlighted. A five-factor
model is used to quantify the effectiveness of the
cultural institution's activities, according to the
methodology of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian
Federation. Several methods for selecting factors in the
model are proposed. Applying the model, the
coefficient of economic efficiency of the researched
cultural object for 2014 - 2016 is calculated and the
factors influencing the change of this coefficient are
noted. The forecasted estimates of the coefficients of
economic efficiency of the Magadan Municipal
Autonomous Institution of Culture "Culture Center"
for 2017-2019 are calculated taking into account the
current trend of a reduction in budgetary financing and
a simultaneous increase of income from
entrepreneurial and other income-generating activities,
as well as a decrease of an economically active
population. The article proposes measures to increase
the activity, responsibility and effectiveness of
budgetary cultural institutions, to expand their
independence in the use of various funding channels.
This, ultimately, should lead to an expansion of the
range of services provided to the population, an
improvement in quality and the level of compliance
with client requests
Subjects of Russia are not uniform on composition,
structure and security with financial resources,
respectively, on the level of economic development.
Therefore, the search of an objective indicator for
distribution and redistribution of financial resources
has resulted in the idea of use of the value of tax
potential of the region, which is used in foreign
practice since 80s. It can be widely used both in the
intrabudgetary relations, and in regional budgetary and
tax systems within the regional analysis of
management of development of the territory. This
indicator is of great importance for regional authorities
as the value of tax potential determines the value of
incomes of the regional budget and, therefore, a
possibility of implementation by regional bodies of
their functions. Based on the analysis of the value of
tax potential, its actual use, the scientific and
methodological validity of final decisions on
management of the region and, in particular, in the
sphere of tax policy is increased
In this work, prerequisites of processes of globalization
of economies which source, according to authors, is the
scientific and technological revolution of the XVIIIXIX
century of century are considered. Dissemination
of new technologies led to the international labor
division, and emergence of information technologies
promoted to increase in speed of communications,
deleting of economic borders between the countries. A
specific place in processes of globalization is held by
space technologies by means of which there was a
possibility of exchange of information between various
consumers and the companies, which are in the
different countries and continents. Based on the carriedout
analysis, it is revealed that in the conditions of
globalization pressure of group of industrially
developed countries upon the rest of the world for the
purpose of imposing of a certain model of their
existence by the rest amplifies. The tool in competition
are new technologies which help to drive the national
companies out of the local markets. A special role in the
course of globalization is played by information and
space technologies of communication and broadcasting.
Only competitive hi-tech productions focused on
perspective technological ways can resist to influence
of the international corporations. According to authors,
distribution of innovative technologies has to contribute
to the uniform development of all countries, formation
of the multipolar world, the excluding domination of
any country or the international group
Production and processing of grains have formed a number of cereals-governmental sectors in the national economic system of the country, such as grain production, grain elevator industry, flour, cereals and mixed fodder production, which constitute the grain complex country. The significance and the role of the grain as a commodity in the state economy can not be overestimated. This product is totally liquid; it has a constant, steady demand at any time of the year, in any region. Ongoing measures to increase grain production and improve its implementation did not have a complex character, therefore, insignificant effect on the efficiency of the industry and the competitiveness of grain production. The shortage was covered by imports. According to the characteristics of management in agriculture, it should be especially emphasized that the lack of objective and timely information at all stages of crop production, and, as a consequence, the adoption of suboptimal management decisions, leads to the fact that labor and material resources increase substantially, the enterprise receives less profit , and sometimes incurs losses.When selecting cultivation technology for agricultural crops, an agronomist has a database of more than a hundred times-personal of alternative technologies for each crop. It is up to the decision-maker (DMP) to find specific criteria to select the most suitable (for the owners and the climatic zone) technology of cultivating for the culture. These circumstances explain the relevance of in-depth research of economic and mathematical models and methods of analysis and evaluation of the economic efficiency of technologies of cultivation agricultural crops. The article deals with the task of developing and implementing a specialized software package for the task of managing technological processes in crop production with the goal of improving the quality, efficiency and validity of management decisions
In the article, we have considered indicators for
assessing import dependency by key
characteristics of industrial production
(technology, raw materials, equipment). The work
shows necessity of the transition from
determining the level of import dependence for
individual characteristics to determine its overall
(integrated) assessment. It presents the criteria of
evaluation of technical, technological, raw
material import dependence of production. We
have developed a model of calculation of the
generalized indicators of evaluation of level of
import dependency of production. The proposed
Toolkit allows using an expert way to assess the
level of import dependence of production of
various types of products. In this comprehensive
assessment, it takes into account the dependence
of the acquired import of components, raw
materials and borrowed technologies, and the
extent of use of imported equipment. The use of
indicators characterizing the degree of
dependence of production on foreign technology
and equipment is very important in the conditions
of modernization and technical re-equipment of
production
The article explores the problems of improving the efficiency of supply and sales activities of agricultural producers; the set of events to improve the efficiency of supply and sales activities is presented by three main groups, the first of which is associated with the development of infrastructure support (it extends the opportunities of economic entities by selecting the best channels and timing of the implementation of the production and acquirement of resources), the second is associated with the development of the sale and supply cooperatives (it allows you to consolidate your interests, to minimize distribution costs and provides more favorable conditions of realization of production and purchase of material resources), the third is associated with the increase of management efficiency of supply and sales activities (it ensures the growth of efficiency and quality of the most adopted managerial decisions, minimizes risks and mistakes in the choice of behavior model an economic entity on the market) it justifies the thesis that the increase in the efficiency of the supply and sale activities at the economic entity level resulted from the development of information system management, eventually, will bring additional direct and indirect economic benefits is justified, the methodology of the basis of optimal logistics centers' network that implements potato storage and pre-sale preparation functions, which at the first stage involves defining the volume of commercial potato in terms of districts, at the second stage - justifying potentially advantageous placement of logistics centers taking into account the location of transport hubs and the production volume of potato in the surrounding areas, at the third stage - working out of the economic and mathematical model for optimization of logistics centers taking into account the different level of security requirements storages while minimizing traffic volumes of potatoes put in storage
The article deals with the organization of the management of development of agro-economic systems at various levels, assesses the existing approaches to the localization of the management object in relation to agroeconomic systems, points out that agriculture is most often designated as managed subsystems as a part of the national economy, agro-voluntary complexes as territorial-sectoral formations of different levels, cluster type structures, integrated agro-industrial structures and allied other types of agricultural producers, farms of different categories, agricultural production and agrarian potential of rural areas conclude that radical economic reforms have led to the destruction of the agro-industrial complex as a single entity of public administration and transformation of a multilevel system of management of agricultural production and caused the loss of controllability of the agrarian sector, it is pointed out that the restoration of manageability by agricultural production can be it is ensured by consolidating the efforts of all economic agents of agrarian relations: the state (federal, regional and municipal authorities), branch unions and associations, corporate integrated units, consumer cooperatives and economic entities of all categories (agricultural organizations, peasant (farm) households, farms population), describes a set of principles governing the process of forming the management system of agricultural production, the results are given systematization of management tasks, the essence of the management mechanism is revealed, it is proved that, due to the generality of management functions and a certain uniformity of managerial activity, the similarity of information flows ensuring the rational interrelation of subjects and management objects in the process of realizing these functions is observed, and a certain level of typicality of information flows creates objective prerequisites for the formation of a typical system of information support for the management of economic entities of specific types
The article analyzes the development of the insurance
with state support and the dynamics of the volume of
subsidies for compensation of part of expenses of
agricultural producers for payment of insurance
premiums accrued in the contract of agricultural
insurance. We have identified structural and logical
connection of the elements in the modern system of
support regional development programs of
agriculture. We have also observed accompanying
the process of state support of the problem. The
authors state that it requires new methodological
approaches to determination of loss (death) of the
crop for the payment of insurance claims
The article examines the socio-psychological,
sociological, and psychological methods of
management and also creation of a favorable
psychological climate in the team and methods of
influence on the staff. The evaluation of the system of
management and incentives of staff was performed on
the example of Bezopasnost company
Most of the tasks of planning and organizing transport
routes are pointed to solving optimization problems
on graphs in multi-criteria statements, for which the
only optimal solution is missing. In conditions of
multicriteria, it becomes necessary to search for a set
of alternatives instead of an optimum. The quality of
the admissible solutions is estimated by the vector
objective function. The article proposes to investigate
the problem using a special class of graphs -
prefractal graphs, which allow describing in a natural
way the structure of the hierarchy of territorial links,
as well as enable to take into account structural
dynamics in terms of system growth. A multicriteria
mathematical formulation of the problem of covering
a prefractal graph by simple intersecting chains is
constructed, to which the investigated problem of
organizing routes in large-scale transport networks
reduces. The main social and economic requirements
for the transport system are formulated and included
in the model in the form of criteria
The article presents theoretical and practical provisions for improvement of small business in agriculture: two blocks of small businesses’ features in agriculture are justified: first block is related to the sectoral specifics and its characteristic for both large and small forms of management; while second block is exclusively associated with the specific characteristics of small business; the forecast of small business development in agriculture is calculated, according to which the number of farms can decrease insignificantly; the number of cattle and cows in farms will increase, meanwhile it will decrease in private households; the number of sheep in the farms may slightly decrease, while at the same time the number of sheep in the households will increase; the number of birds in farms can increase, while it will decrease at households. This article presents the forecast of volumes and structure of small business, in accordance with which: the dynamics of households’ farming can increase both in crop and livestock production; the dynamics of production in farms will be observed, the structure of production by forms of management will remain unchanged; specific share of agricultural production by types in small farms is justified. Measures of improving the subsidizing and lending mechanism for small business and CRTs in agriculture are justified
Social Sciences and Humanities
In the article, we discuss a possible
institutionalization of postnonclassic ontology. It is
shown that the nonlinearity, deterministic chaos,
fractality phenomena change classic views on
possible forms of existence, cause of nature. The
work discusses conceptual foundations of the particle
physics. This theme is examined in connection with
problem of logical and philosophical analysis of
physical language and its usage in cognitive
procedures. The article refines the modern model of
three-component structure of the Universe on the
basis of post-nonclassical consideration of the
Universe. Features of synergetic as interdisciplinary
scientific direction, the concept of a universal
evolutionism, value of information in nature
development are discussed. Methodological basis of
the process of integration of scientific knowledge is
the interdisciplinary direction of the research which
important component is the synergetic. It plays an
important role in the concept of coevolution
realization which considers mutual relation of the
person and the nature, the micro- and the megaworld.
The article demonstrates that having
revealed the laws of functioning of complexly
evolutionizing, nonlinear systems, synergetic thus
posed the fundamental questions of both
epistemological and ideological and value nature.
Conceptual shifts occurring in cognition open up the
new sides in the interpretation of not just order and
disorder but also the categories they generate
The article considers the main point of liberal ideology, its spontaneous connection with ideas of Enlightenment, reasons of victory of liberalism over ideological competitors. The factors, which water down the integrity of liberalism in present conditions of the Enlightenment, are analyzed, the main trends of modern modification of liberalism (libertarianism, agonal liberalism, Kantian liberalism) are considered. There were determined the possible perspectives of liberalism as a world-view in limits of which there were stated the strong positions of liberalism as a practical rootedness as well as the high popularity of ideas of Enlightenment in scientific communities
Social Sciences and Humanities
In any language there are such lexico-grammatical
categories of nouns as proper names and common
names. This fact is explained with the speaker’s desire
to differentiate homogeneous subjects to individual
and unique subjects. Both has their own purpose.
Functions and aims. Being one of the subsystem of
national language, language for special purposes
provides the professional communication of people in
scientific, production and technical spheres. But
compare with a common language, language for
special purposes is more laconic and is limited with
lexis of researched scientific part. A common language
in a process of communication transfer intellectual and
emotional information; in fiction there is also esthetic
information, but language for special purposes transfer
only intellectual information. So synonyms,
homonyms and tropes are strange for language for
special purposes. Naturally, the forms of Proper names
and their role are restricted. The emotional sphere
depends on the approval of the author (denotate). So,
the emotions and estimation depend on the content not
a form of the language
The article provides the review of the main concepts of
discourse analysis, proceeding from a theoretical and
practical criterion. The approaches to the analysis of
discourse are realized in the models, which enable to
carry out a productive research of different types of a
discourse, and are generalized in a diachronical aspect.
Among them, one can find the concepts which go back
to "dialogical aesthetics" of M.M. Bakhtin and the
views of the French school of discourse analysis. The
conclusion about the efficiency of integrative approach
is drawn
When studying any subject the efficiency of a material
understanding depends upon the correctly organized
independent work of students. Students must do
consolidation of the material studied in class
independently, taking into consideration the specialty
of a foreign language, its technical direction and a
communicative aspect. When students’ independent
work is organized correctly, they have the opportunity
to develop all types of speech activity – reading,
speaking, writing and listening, developing in this way
the level of the students’ communicative competence.
And this is the key aim of a foreign language teaching
Social Sciences and Humanities
This article examines the formation and development
of Institute of a criminal case in the Russian and
foreign criminal proceedings. There was a difference
between the formation and development of the
institution stage of a criminal case in Russia and in
foreign countries. There is an emphasis on substantive
legislation, which is the formation and development of
the institution of criminal proceedings in Russia,
England, USA, Germany and France
In the article, the authors point out that the
investigator plays a key role in the criminal
investigation process, he independently directs the
criminal investigation, takes decisions on the case,
collects, verifies and evaluates the evidence. While
performing his functions he is actively assisted by the
staff of expert criminalistic units. However, in
practice, not all investigators take full advantage of the
opportunities provided by these units. It is quite true
concerning the forensic records, the possibilities of
which are extremely poorly used in the investigation
of crimes. At the same time, the authors emphasize
that modern forensic records also face a lot of
problems, the solution of which he sees in their
complex use in the identification process of a person.
This problem can be solved if the following conditions
are met: integration, unification, automation of
forensic records (database of surname cards with
appearance descriptions) and improvement of the legal
regulation of the activities of the entities that keep and
use these records
The article explores the problems, acquaintance with the materials of the criminal case of a minor accused in the aspect of ensuring his rights as a defender and legal representative. With a view to the proper legal regulation of this procedure, it is proposed to establish a procedure for the joint familiarization with the criminal case file of counsel and the legal representative of a minor accused in the norms of the Code of Criminal Procedure, as well as the procedure for compulsory participation of a legal representative of a juvenile accused while acquainting himself with all materials of the criminal case
Social Sciences and Humanities
Presently, the problem of carrying into effect of
distance technologies in higher education is becoming
more urgent. The article analyzes various software
products with the help of which a distance course can
be developed, and the stages of its development are
described. The choice of modular object-oriented
dynamic learning environment Moodle as a system for
organizing distance courses in higher education is
founded. There are described not only the advantages
of Moodle learning environment, but also the
drawback which is connected with the impossibility to
identify a user that requires additional use of
information technologies. There are also regarded the
methodical and technical features of the distance
learning course development in this learning
environment. A particular attention is paid to the
interactive coordination of the teacher and students,
which is realized by creating a chat or forum for
convenient and fast exchange of messages between
users, besides, the teacher has the possibility to
monitor the work of students not only offering control
and test tasks, but also determining the deadline for the
assignment to be fulfilled, the possibility of a repeated
access to correct errors. There is presented the
experience of developing a distance course in the
Moodle study environment at the Priamursky State
University for the discipline "Theory of Probability
and Mathematical Statistics"
The article reveals the problem of inconsistency of
modern professional education structure of the labor
market needs. The considered possibility of formation
of professional competence of bachelors of design
through the development of personal qualities in the
design activity. The authors propose a solution to the
problem, which is to focus University education on the
formation of the model competence designer. The
concept design represents the art and design work
based on advanced design thinking, which is based on
creative thinking and practical skills, backed up by
self-organization of personality. Competence includes
knowledge, skills, abilities, personal qualities and
under certain conditions, these categories may be
considered from the standpoint of professional
competence. The authors mean by the methods of
formation of professional competence of certain
techniques and ways of interacting of the teacher and
the bachelors of design in project activities that
conform to the competence approach in education
aimed at the formation and development of social,
communicative, professional and other qualities of the
person. This allows students more fully realized in
modern socio-economic conditions. In the modern
educational process by preparation of bachelors of
design the authors identify methods of activization of
educational activity, organization of independent work
and research activity of students, as most conducive to
the formation of common cultural and professional
competences of future designers
Under consideration is the international experience of
NCFU in developing student mobility via French
resource center. Today, in the era of globalization,
student academic mobility is the integral part of the
process of integrating higher education establishment
into common European educational framework.
Emphasis is made on the academic environment as an
important factor of realizing international student
mobility. Tendencies towards open academic
environments set up new possibilities for academic
exchanges both with foreign and Russian – based
academic establishments. Thus, we can talk both about
inner and outer student and teacher mobility, which is
realized individually as well as on the institutional
level. Conclusion is made that academic exchanges
can be viewed upon as means of developing and
renewing higher school educational programmers in
Russia. This can eliminate exclusiveness of Russian
educational system; pave the way for obtaining
recognition of its educational programs; secure
transparency and acknowledgment of competences and
qualifications to raise student mobility and competition
of Russian educational programs in the world market
of educational services. The experience of NCFU in
developing international activity discussed in the
article illustrates the theoretical base of the research
because empiric data well integrates into the
framework of academic mobility
The article considers one of the approaches to organizing and conducting remote online Olympiads for schoolchildren with the use of information and communication technologies. A detailed description of the network resource of the municipal Internet Olympiad for schoolchildren conducted among the pupils of the secondary schools of the city of Krasnodar is given, the structure of the main content, the scheme of interaction with the user is shown, and also the created tools of the Internet designer of the Olympiads are described. The article describes the results of the implementation of this project in the educational system of Krasnodar and gives a quantitative analysis
Social Sciences and Humanities
The article considers the important aspect of the
problem "Parent – child – e-gadget" for the study of
the personality traits of children differing in the use
of e-gadgets. These personality traits pertain to social
and personal properties, to acquired gaming abilities,
to elements of identity. The authors have highlighted
the content of the terms used in the study of
peculiarities of development of personal-social
qualities of children. Methods developed by the
authors for their empirical research are: the
questionnaire "The Use of E-devices by Children",
the expert survey "Socio-personal Characteristics of a
Child", the monitoring "The Child's Ability to Play Egadgets,"
the expert survey "Elements of Identity of a
Child". The study involved 78 children from six to
seven years, pupils of preparatory groups of
preschool educational institutions of the village
Poltava (the Krasnodar region). Three groups of
parents were identified that differ in norming of using
a gadget by a baby: "Any gadget allowed" (42%),
"Only one gadget allowed" (46%), "No gadgets
allowed" (13%). The article presents the analysis of
data of the empirical research of three groups of
preschool children, depending on the level of
norming of using e-gadgets by children. In
conclusion, the authors identified personality traits
(pertaining to social and personal properties, to
acquired gaming abilities and elements of identity) of
children differing in the use of e-gadgets
Social Sciences and Humanities
Modern representations of threpsology demonstrate
importance of harmonization of eating which consists
in providing an organism with all necessary feed
elements in full and energy in the corresponding
quantities and ratios. The causes of obesity and
measures against it, sedentary lifestyle and diseases
associated with these factors. Social significance of
the problem evidence of the need to combat the spread
of obesity. It is established that since 1975 the number
of people suffering from obesity worldwide has
increased more than three times; more than 1.9 billion
adults, 18 years and older were overweight, of which
over 650 million people were obese; 39 % of adults
18 years and older, were overweight, and 13% were
obese. The situation with obesity in the CIS countries
is ambiguous. In the post-Soviet space, the situation
with obesity in adults and children gradually becomes
threatening. Domestic and foreign experience indicate
that the most accessible and economically feasible
method of correcting the nutrition and health of the
population is the inclusion in the diet of modern man
healthy food, having direct functional properties
The article examines the ethical aspects of online
communications in modern social networks. In the
course of the study, the function "pumping an avatar",
first proposed to users of the social network
"VKontakte" on April 1, 2017 as a comic and
innovative version of the congratulations on the Day of
Laughter of their friends on the Internet, was studied.
Some of the ethical aspects of the network innovation
under consideration have been identified. The results
of a questionnaire survey of students of Kuban State
Technical University about the perception of the new
online format of the April Fool's Day are given. The
factors limiting in 2017 the diffusion of this innovation
function among Internet users are considered. The
results of the analysis of the reasons for both negative
and positive attitude of Kuban State Technical
University students to the possibility of making comic
visual changes to the account of other users without
their knowledge are presented. In the course of the
study it was revealed that the individual model of
behavior of the respondents on the Day of Laughter in
many respects correlated with the model of their
friends' behavior on the social network «Vkontakte».
There is a hypothesis that if technical barriers to
communication are eliminated, the next year may be
seen viral effects both in distributing information about
the avatar-pumping function itself in the social
network, and in distributing content created with it
Physical Sciences and Engineering
In the given article, we explore the territory
organization of tourism in the Krasnodar region.
General route models of trips are considered. M.
Clauson’s theory about dependence demand of
distance of a trip is explored. Also, the efficiency of
testing this theory in modern conditions was taken up.
Theoretical and practical aspects of clusters in a
tourist-recreational complex, such as substance of
cluster approach in tourism, ways of determining the
geographic boundaries of clusters and other details are
investigated. The territory of the Krasnodar region has
grate tourist potential, but the flow of tourists is very
unevenly distributed. This is the reason why a new one
clustering of the Black Sea cost in the region is
offered. It means care of the administrative boundaries
of municipalities and zoning on the basis of
accessibility of attractive excursion objects in respect
to distance and influence of environment. This way of
management of coastal zones in the Krasnodar region
helps to govern all resources more rationally. It also
provides confident development of tourism
Considerable parts of the ablation zones of mountain
glaciers in various mountain systems of the World are
covered with rocks (dibris). Heat and physical
properties of debris layer are very different from those
of ice. Debris layer determines ablation rate and ice
run-off regime. Dependently on thickness, it can
accelerate ablation or totally isolate ice cover from
melting. To describe ablation rate in a mathematical
model correctly, one needs to include in it a block
responsible for heat exchange of debris-covered areas
with the atmosphere. In the paper, we consider an
algorithm for calculation of ablation rate under the
layer of debris, which is to be incorporated to the
surface mass balance model. We also describe results
of calculations of temperature distribution in a debris
layer and estimates of ablation rate under the latter. All
calculations were carried out for heat and physical
properties of Djankuat Glacier in the Central Caucasus