Currently in the South of Russia, the most acute problem of accumulation and preservation of productive moisture in arable layer of soil. This fact has a decisive influence on the yield of agricultural crops. The need to study the dynamics of accumulation of moisture of the treated soil due to the fact that at the first stage of development plants are very sensitive to moisture content in the rooting zone of the soil. Practically the regulation of the moisture content of the processed layer may correct the influence of soil tillage aggregates with different types of working bodies. The work was performed in FSRI of the «ASC «Donskoy» (Zernograd, Rostov area), in the conditions of stationary experience (4,3 ha), 2013-2015, where explores various technologies of soil treatment, including no treatment. To obtain comparable results the same selected set (rotation) of crops (winter wheat, spring barley, pea, vapor). As a result of researches it is established that on steam background (76,1-46,2 mm) content of productive moisture is more than two times higher than on other backgrounds (of 30,6-46,2 mm). This allows us to talk about the effectiveness of the fallow field from the point of view of accumulation of moisture. The analysis of statistical data allows making a conclusion about the impact of crops on the dynamics of productive moisture. On the other hand, the rating statistics of the received data with backgrounds treated with different technologies did not allow to find significant advantages to any of them, as the area under the curve ROС analysis does not exceed the value of 0,6. Therefore, the studied backgrounds in the period of the research have equal influence on the moisture content of the treated soil layer

Processes and machines of Agro-engineering systems with good reason can be considered as complex multiparameter natural and technical systems. In these systems there are numerous and diverse physical, chemical and biological processes. On the one hand, these processes have a significant impact on the performance of these systems. On the other hand, they are extremely difficult to describe in the form of meaningful analytical models based on equations. As a result, the development of meaningful analytical models is associated with a large number of simplifying assumptions that reduce the validity of these models. However, mathematical modeling of processes and machines of Agro-engineering systems is necessary for the development of both their designs and application technologies. Thus, there is a problem that is proposed to be solved with the use of phenomenological information and cognitive models. These models are based on the theory of information and describe the simulated system purely externally as a "black box", but it is meaningful. System-cognitive models can be built directly on the basis of empirical data using the intellectual system called "Eidos". This is done by model technology and methodology and is much less time-consuming and much faster than the development of meaningful analytical models. On the other hand, phenomenological system-cognitive models can be sufficient to determine rational design features and parameters of processes and machines of Agro-engineering systems. In addition, such phenomenological models can be considered as a first step in the development of meaningful analytical models. A numerical example is given

The production system analysis of high-quality winter wheat grain was done and the problem solution methods based on mechanization production processes strategy through a new generation of equipment and innovative improvement of machine technologies were outlined. Deterioration of grain quality indicators in the country was marked: the proportion of strong wheat is not more than 0.5% of commodity grain resources, and about 80% of exportable parties is wheat of 4...5 classes. Thus, it is possible due to the process mechanization to raise the grain quality. A well-known method of functional-cost analysis was applied to ground machine technological operations, which are the first to be developed in order to improve the wheat quality in the entire technological system, the demand for which is reduced abroad. The basic technological principles of production of high-quality grain were designed. They have three subsystems: the structure of the wheat varieties for the agricultural producer, the previous crops for wheat, features of cultivation technology of valuable varieties on the basis of intelligent manufacturing systems machines. The mechanization of high quality grain production processes was proposed. It can provide engine technology improvement due to rational composition machine-tractor units of new generation. They allow abandoning the outdated usual items of machinery used in their system and dramatically raise labor productivity due to the combination of operations, quality of work, yield and reduce costs. The features of mechanization on harvesting and post-harvest grain refinement are reflected with the aim of improving its quality. Applied to various forms of management, intellectual grain sorting means of mechanization recommended, which contribute to an increase in wheat quality. The impact of "neveika" technology with the completion of a heap at the stationary place on the grain quality improvement was marked

Special aspects of grain heap and corn cobs trapping by modern mechanisms and plants with photoelements have been considered, also the main ways of their functional developing are disclosed

The article considers the problem of insufficient charging voltage during the joint operation of the battery and alternator. A comparative analysis of the proposed ways of increasing the charging voltage of the generator

One of the factors of the destruction of the bonds of grain with the hit when threshing the bread mass with a shock-vibrating threshing device is the impact of the roll edge on the bread mass. The very word "blow" without a clarifying supplement can have various meanings associated with various branches of science. Its meaning expresses the idea of a sudden fact; although in different branches of knowledge it is not identified. We have considered only certain aspects of the physical impact associated with the impact of the working organs of machines and the material being processed. The article presents a study of the impact pulse of a threshing device on bread mass. To reveal the essence of phenomena when a working organ is impacted by grain, a graph analytical method is used. Dependences allowing determining the impact pulse of the milk roll edge on the bread mass, geometric and kinematic parameters of the threshing device are obtained, and also can be used to determine the energy costs

Currently, more and more popular in the world are indigenous grape varieties. Now in Russia and abroad there is a growing interest in Krasnostops - a high quality indigenous red grape varieties of technical direction. The object of research was the red technical grape variety called Krasnostop Anapa and Krasnostop AZOS, grown in Anapa ampelocalamus and wine from them. As a control, we used two classic grape varieties of varying degrees of saturation in color and extract content of the wines of Cabernet Sauvignon and Saperavi. The article presents the materials of years of research – agrobiological, technological and economic indicators of technical grades of grapes of selection of the Anapa station – Krasnostop Anapa and Krasnostop AZOS. The amount of anthocyanins in wine from Anapa Krasnostops has superior data for these components in the control options. The mass concentration of phenolic substances and their monomer forms in wine materials of grape varieties Krasnostop AZOS and Krasnostop Anapsky is higher than in the quality control of red wines-Cabernet Sauvignon, which indicates a high accumulation of phenolic substances in new grape varieties. In the years of the study of Krasnostop AZOS and Krasnostop Anapsky on organoleptic properties of wine has received good performance - and of 8.78 8.73 points. The brands of wines developed on their basis will fill up a number of high-quality table and liqueur red wines in the Russian market. These grapes have high potential and great prospects in the light of the global trend of their use in winemaking. All this allows to recommend these grades for wide introduction into production in the southern wine-growing regions of Russia

In the article, we show the results of researches on creation of a material with a fast return of moisture at ripening of a grain are resulted. The general (ACS) and specific (SCS) combinational ability of new corn lines was determined. A promising material has been identified for further work in the field of rapid release of moisture to grain during maturation

The work presents results of the study of Cupressocyparis Leylandii J. and Thuja L. varieties in the conditions of the Kuban zone of horticulture of the Krasnodar region on the main adaptive features: winter hardiness, drought resistance, resistance to common diseases, and decorative features. The aim of the research was to identify the most adaptive and highly decorative varieties of Cupressocyparis and Thuja in the conditions of increasing abiotic and biotic stresses and to form an adaptive and promising assortment of coniferous plants for the conditions of the south Russia's gardening. The results of a complex assessment of 6 introduced varieties Cupressocyparis Leylandii J. and 12 varieties of Thuja L. are presented. The varietal features of adaptability and decorativeness was established in specific growth conditions, which made it possible to identify the most adaptive, combining resistance to temperature stresses (drought-resistant, winter-hardy), major diseases and pests in combination with high decorative indices (architectonics of the crown, color of needles, vitality, decorative period). These are Cupressocyparis Leylandii J. varieties: Leightons Green, Variegata, Gold Rider; and Thuja L. varieties: Degroots Spire, Mini Smaragd, Atrovirens, Dura, Brabant, Can-Can, which showed a high adaptation to the weather and climatic conditions of the southern region in combination with decorativeness, recommended for the extension of the assortment of coniferous plants and creation of garden landscapes in the conditions of the south of Russia

The generalized long-term experience on creation of base of Queen cells in grape varieties, improved in vitro culture, on the sandy array of Ust-Donetsk district of Rostov region. Problems frequently encountered on sandy soils and ways of their solution are shown. We focus on: rehabilitation of the landing of plants of grapes in the conditions of greenhouses, open ground, the optimum time and methods of planting. The work shows the effectiveness of different dressings and types of fertilizers, influence of drugs of new generation, affected the uterine protection of plantations from pests and disease, deep sandy soils freezing in winter, especially the development of root system of different varieties. On the basis of generalization of long-term data, we suggest the most appropriate solutions, and developed technology bookmarks and conducting basic queen cells from healthy in vitro planting material of grapes in the sandy array

Agro-technological operations, achieved in the specialized fruit tree nurseries are directed toward the optimization of the seedlings cultivation conditions. The agro-chemicals application is one of the most important technological questions in production system. The method of the complex use of physiologically active materials with the nourishing salts is directed, in the first place, toward the development of the healthy, actively functioning assimilation apparatus of the perennial plant, whose task – the balanced increase and the formation of reproductive organs already in the early stages of ontogenesis. In the article the results of work on introduction into the flow chart of the production of the apple tree landing material of bio stimulants and fertilizers of the directional effect are represented. Positive effect from the introduction into the diagram of nourishing salts of stamp N20P8K8+1,5Mg+9S in different combinations with the preparations: «lignogumat» of sodium, «lignogumat» of potassium, by ethane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, by the natural stimulator of an increase «Silk» it was reflected in the level of the plants security of with mineral elements, it contributed to an increase on 5,7-10,2 % the diameter of trunk; the height of seedlings exceeded index in the control on 4,9-6,2 %

In the article, there were shown the experimental researches describing the influence of parameters of electrical ozonization of the premises of egg storehouse at concentration of ozone in 20 mg/m3 on survival of following stimulants: S. aureus, S. choleraesuis, P. vulgaris, E. coli. There was determined that ozone has an ability to detain the growth of fungi on biological substrates as well as it slows down the process of mould appearance on egg shell surface even at 90% of relative moisture. The aim of scientific experiment is obtaining of regression models of influence of parameters of electrical ozonization on main sanitary-model microorganisms contaminating the shell of incubation eggs. To assess the effectiveness of ozonization there was adopted the parameter of survival for four main pathogenic microbiological test-objects which predominate on egg shells. The correlation and regression analysis of factors and determination of value of equation coefficients there were conducted using the program STATISTICA 6.1. The correlation analysis was made by the method of Pierson. Approximation was obtained by the method of polynomial. On the results of researches there was determined that the least survival of present test-bacteria at concentration of ozone in 20 mg/m3 is achieved at exposition 84 minutes. So, the rational time the electrical technological process of ozonization of egg storehouse of poultry factories presents the sum of obtained exposition and time of regulation

In this work, the authors presented the results of monitoring urolithiasis in cats in Krasnodar in the period from 2016-2017. The authors established the sexual, age and breed predisposition of animals to this pathology; the seasonality of the disease was studied. An analysis of the actual data and reports of various authors made it possible to conclude that urolithiasis in cats is a polyethological disease. As a result of carried out hematological studies, the presence of an inflammatory process, which was manifested by lymphocytopenia, an insignificant increase in neutrophils and monocytes, as well as hematocrit, was ascertained. A laboratory analysis of urine showed that urine, as a rule, is turbid with an admixture of blood and sand, precipitating rapidly. The authors found an increase in the volume of urine in sick animals due to the inability to remove it, the specific gravity fluctuated within the limits of 1.015-1.020; pH = 7.5-8. With microscopy of the urine sediment, both unorganized and organized sediments were detected. The ultrasound examination of the bladder showed the presence in its cavity echo-positive particles in a suspended state, as well as sections of the desquamated mucosa

A comprehensive assessment was made of the own productivity of repair pigs and the quality of sperm production of boars of different breeds. Imported boars and mumps had thin bacon 13-15 mm, high early ripeness 145-153 days and a depth of "muscular eye" 53-53.9 mm, indicating an increase in the content of lean meat in the carcass. However, the length of the trunk of the animals was 120 cm, which corresponds to the first class of the instructions for bonitation. There was a significant difference in the growth rate of repair young (about 300 g), which indicates the individual characteristics of animals and the possibility of selecting the best animals for reproduction of the herd. Assessment of pigs by phenotype is an important element of breeding work on complexes. It is established that the quality of sperm production is affected both by the breed and the season of the year: the volume of ejaculate and the concentration of spermatozoa in all breeds are greatest in the autumn-winter period. Boars Maxgro were distinguished by an increased volume of ejaculate, but a low concentration of sperm compared to a large white breed and landrace. During the year, the greatest fluctuations in sperm concentration in large white breed boars were observed ± 133 million / ml, the smallest - Landrace ± 29 million / ml, which contributes to the uniform production of semen doses for insemination

The article provides evidence of the high social value of dogs as the most common among pets. We present the results of determining the main causes of illness in dogs and the role of nutrition in the formation of this indicator: the share of diseases of the digestive system and various metabolic diseases accounted for more than 70 % of the total of substantiated cases to the clinic. We have estimated chemical composition of feed premium, industrial production, assessed according to the standards of the National research Council (NRC) for dogs of small breeds in the period of pregnancy and nursing puppies. We have established the feed requirements of pregnant and lactating bitches (Yorkshire Terrier) for key nutrients and bioactive substances. Recipe is made up and we manufactured food standards NRC from natural ingredients; conducted a scientific experiment to assess the impact of both feed on milk productivity indices of mothers and indicators of growing puppies (body weight at birth, weight gain). We have convincingly demonstrated the advantage of using natural food as from a physiological and economic perspective, as it is accompanied by a marked reduction in the cost of the dog and of the cost of the puppies

The results of a comparative study of the experimental groups of Holstein animals belonging to the Vis Bey Eidial line are given: four groups of repair calves and four groups of gobies. Their hematological indices were studied at higher daily rates of milk drinking and early training of experimental animals to plant feeds with a probiotic supplement of cellobacterins in the milk period. The difference between the groups was the technology of their cultivation: I-control group - up to 6 months of the age was grown according to the traditional technology adopted in the farm: 200 kg of milk (for 50 days) and 400 kg of return (from 50 to 110 days), and concentrated feeds consisting of pre-fodder (50%) and corn (50%), the same calves received experimental calves; II-test group - up to 6 months increased norm of milk drinking (for 25 days) - 200 kg and 400 kg of return (from 25 to 60 days); III-test group - up to 6 months the increased norm of drinking milk (for 50 days) - 450 kg and return (from 50 to 110 days): heifers - 600, bulls -800kg; IV-test group - up to 6 months an increased rate of milk drinking (for 60 days) - 450 kg and return (from 60 to 120 days): heifers - 600, bulls -800 kg. The calves of all experimental groups were fed a probiotic preparation of cellobacterin in an amount of 3 g for each animal up to 18 months of age. When the experimental animals reach 12-, 15-, 18-months age, hematologic examinations were carried out. It has been established that with the age of experimental animals, metabolic processes are intensified, the change of which was influenced by the use of different norms of drinking milk during the milking period, using a probiotic

The embryo passes a number of the stages caused by high-quality structural changes in development and following them growth periods. The periods of change of development for the periods of growth are critical and are most sensitive to influence of external factors. The developed differentiated mode provides sharp temperature increase of incubation in the critical periods of development of an embryo. High temperature at separate stages of an incubation has displaced metabolic processes of the developing embryo towards lipidic exchange, at the same time the cholesterol indicator in blood of skilled chickens has grown more than twice, and level alkaline phosphatase by 2,5 times. Synchronization of the hatching was reached due to reduction of the periods embryonic and output on about 10-12 of hours. Operating an embryogenesis in the period of incubation there is an opportunity to influence the level of productional processes of chickens during the post-embryonic period, average daily gains of live weight at cultivation of broilers increase on average by 5-7%