Based on the analysis of the designs of feed mixers for farm animals, the option of using a two-stage mixer is being investigated. The proposed design of the mixer allows you to improve the quality of the feed mixture and reduce energy costs per process. To optimize the mixing workflow, the design parameters of the machine and their influence on the technological process under various working conditions are determined. It has been established that the design of the mixer and the initial physical and mechanical properties of the components of the feed mixture directly affect the most important technological characteristic of the installation, its performance. Therefore, the study aims to optimize the process of mixing feed
The article presents the results of the research on modeling of working bodies of agricultural equipment by methods of engineering geometry and computer graphics. The design and the principle of operation of the equipment on the basis of working bodies in the form of screw drums is shown on the example of a device for the preparation of concentrated feed
The article describes the automated method of friction coefficient determination of row crops seeds using different types of surface, including modern polymer and composite materials. It is revealed that the friction coefficient characterizes the friction properties of seeds arising in the process of mechanical action during harvesting, transportation, storage and processing, as well as changes over time depending on the state of the surfaces, contact time, humidity, relative velocity and other parameters. The problem of lack of friction coefficients values for rest and dynamic friction coefficients for the polymeric and composite materials which are actively applied today at industrial production of agricultural machinery is designated. The design and general view of the device which helps to determine friction coefficient excluding the human factor (operator error) are presented. The operation principle of the developed device is described and the processing method of experimental data is given. Experimental data were obtained and statistical processing was carried out to identify the static and dynamic friction coefficients of seeds. Integral ( ) and differential ( ) graph for the distribution of friction coefficient average values for pairs "type of seed material – type of friction surface" are constructed
The article presents the results of studying the influence of the method of treatment before storage and storage parameters, including the relative air humidity, on the value of general losses of carrots. The taproots treatment before putting into storage was carried out with electromagnetic fields of extremely low frequency and the bio-preparation Vitaplan. After treatment, the taproots were kept at a temperature of +2±1°С for 56 days and +25±1°С for 21 days. In the process, the relative air humidity was changed from 40 to 90%. At a storage temperature of +2±1°C, the lowest total loss was observed at a relative humidity of 90%. At a storage temperature of +25±1°С, the optimal, from the point of view of decreasing the general losses, turned out to be the relative air humidity of 70%: with decreasing relative air humidity to 40%, significant increase of natural losses was observed, because the taproots were losing water intensively, and with increasing relative air humidity to 90%, favorable conditions were created for the growth of pathogenic microflora, which caused significant losses from the microbiological decay. The method of pretreatment of carrot taproots, providing the lowest general loss during storage in all the studied conditions, was joint treatment with ELF EMF and the bio-preparation called Vitaplan
The article considers a variant of parametric representation of a complex product of single use in the process of its creation during tests, when structural failures of the product or its components in one or more parameters specified in the technical specification require modifications leading to a change in the general amount and repeating of the tests, but it is possible to reduce the volume of tests by taking into account a priori information. This is especially up-to-date while ensuring the reliability of complex single – use products, the components of which are first stages of ground tests, and only then as part of complex products-the stages of flight tests. Structural failure of any component of such a product at the stage of ground tests does not lead to such consequences as if it occurred during flight tests as part of the product. Meanwhile, the refinement of the component element of a single-use product, the structural failure of which occurred at the stage of flight tests as part of the product, and the assessment of its effectiveness, can be carried out at the stage of ground tests, in the case of consideration of a complex product in parametric form. This can significantly reduce the cost of flight testing of a complex product, in the case of effective completion of the component element of the product at the stage of ground tests, without a significant (temporary) decrease in the overall reliability of a complex single-use product
New ways of solving reducing soil compaction problem are substantiated. Soil compaction destroys its structure, violates its water-air regime, and leads to erosion and reduced yield. The effectiveness of the presented directions, based on the analysis of the issue and the results of own research is confirmed by practical use in the crop production processes mechanization of intellectual engineering authors' developments, based on their inventions and well-known serial technology selected from Automated reference system "agricultural machinery". It was the synthesis of own research results and modern agricultural machinery best samples analysis that allowed us to form an effective system of machines that reduce the harmful soil compaction. This ensures soil fertility preservation and crop yield increase. The set of machines proposed in the system for soil processing, sowing, fertilizing, spraying and harvesting not only reduces soil compaction but also improves work quality, labor productivity and complexity of the work performed, harvest and reduces costs of all types (energy, money, labor). The basis of the problem solution consists of a combination of technological operations for one pass of the unit across the field, multifunctional units application in the system that performs tillage and seeding, fertilization and tillage, additional fertilizing of spike crops with simultaneous harrowing, harvesting with simultaneous stubbling or straw pressing etc., refusal to use heavy machinery in the fields, trucks, conversion tracked system on tractors, front and rear hydraulics for making multi-functional units, the use of fundamentally new machines and adaptations to them according to the inventions of the authors
The article dwells on the features of the transition process in the transformer windings under non-zero conditions typical for the modes of drying the trans-former with low frequency currents. The article also shows the effect of non-zero conditions on the cur-rents in the windings and the heating of the windings
We have made calculations using the values of dung delivered after the analysis of laboratory research of the soil and irrigation water delivered with organic fertilizers. Based on the data on values of hydraulic resistance coefficients of mixer elements, mixing chamber and diffuser, we found diameters of pressure pipelines, reduced head of NGPR mixer, velocity of flow discharge from mixing nozzles and the mixing chamber. According to the design data of the pump head values, those of the mixer head, the head on inlet into the mixer and head in a reservoir of constant pressure a possibility was received to specify values of factors under studies on location of irrigation system and to test the design data with the help of the experimental value received. A low head system with hydraulic and geometric parameters of mixing is recommended for small farms
We present results on proving parameters of the device for maintaining uniform flow of liquid in hydraulic row sowing machine for seedling plants. Main difference between row sowing in greenhouse and in field is 10 to 20 times less width between rows. Existing sowing machines (because of little width between rows) can only perform scattered sowing. A method and a scheme of the device for maintaining uniform flow of polydispersed system (working liquid – seeds of seedling plants) are theoretically proved. Parameters of the device for maintaining uniform flow of polydispersed system (working liquid – seeds of seedling plants) are experimentally proved. We have also defined the effect of pipe’s position in the tank on flow of polydispersed system out of it and the effect of polydispersed system parameters (working liquid – seeds of seedling plants) on peculiarities of hydraulic sowing technological process. Testing the experimental row sowing machine for seedling plants determined that this machine adequately performs sowing process and increases productivity 8.3 times compared to manual sowing
The research object are methods of standard manufacturing schemes adaptation for small-scale intraeconomic mixed fodder plants. The standard manufacturing scheme adapts for specific plant by process of elimination of unnecessary additional technological modules in this configuration, or in their changeover by other modules allowing to achieve the required quality level of processing of raw materials or compound feed by changeover of the available technological operations by more perfect and also in adding in the scheme of new modules. The adaptation algorithm of the standard manufacturing scheme for production the compound feeds is developed for the intraeconomic plant. The algorithm creates an opportunity as much as possible to consider specific conditions and needs of specific agricultural enterprise in case of design. Application of the adapted modular technological circuits on the designed small-scale formula-feed plants will allow to increase considerably nutritional value and biological safety of the produced compound feeds