We have presented methods of designing technologies of winter wheat harvesting by stripping with pile dividing stationary with optimization of harvesting–transport complexes in various conditions
The article reveals the main empirical factors that increase the efficiency of technological systems of grain harvesting. The article shows interrelation and subordination of empirical factors in the practice of operational reliability of grain harvesters, which underlies scientific research. We have defined the basic (key empirical factors) that allowed developing a conceptual model (paradigm) of the research. The article provides a technique establishing the rules of application of the method of expert assessments to identify organizational and technical factors that have the most significant impact on improving the reliability of grain harvesters
The article has a classification of fodder shredders
developed on the basis of the analysis of the existing
technical means for the preparation of fodders. The
constructive technological scheme of the grinder for
coarse fodder in a pressed form is proposed. The
results of experimental studies in solving the
optimization problem-finding the optimal combination
of constructive-technological factors of equipment are
analyzed, in which a predetermined number of all
types of feed will be produced with a higher quality.
As optimization criteria, the following were chosen:
energy intensity, material grinding time, weighted
average particle length
The article presents the results of the research of the
influence of preliminary treatment of garden beet roots
with electromagnetic fields of extremely low frequency
on the loss of dry and biologically active substances,
such as vitamin C and P-active substances, in the
process of long term storage. Garden beet roots of
Bordo 237 variety were the objects of research. The
objects of research were stored for 7 months at a
temperature of 0…+1° С and relative humidity of 90
%. Sampling was carried out every month during the
entire storage period. The treatment with
electromagnetic fields of extremely low frequency was
carried out using an experimental setup of our own
assembly. As a result of the conducted research it is
established, that the treatment of garden beet roots of
Bordo 237 variety with electromagnetic fields of
extremely low frequency before dispatching into
storage allows to decrease the losses of dry substances
by 4,1 % by the end of the 7 months storage period, and
also to decrease the losses of vitamin C by 14,8 % and
P-active substances by 15,1 %. The data obtained can
be used to develop new or improve existing
technologies of garden beet roots storing
The considerable share in prime cost of products of agricultural production is made, now, by power expenses. It promotes that the considerable attention is given power - both resource-saving to the equipment and technologies. Thus, the modern science is faced by a global task – creation of cars and tools of new generation, high-economic, highly productive, less power-intensive and metal-consuming. One of the most power-intensive processes of production of agricultural production is processing of the soil. In this article on the basis of numerous researches use of rotary motion of the soil-cultivating working body allowing to improve a design of tillage machines, to reduce metal consumption, power consumption, to increase quality of work is offered. In this article, we offer the device for preseeding processing of the soil on a frame of which the working bodies in the form of flat disks with sharpening working in the horizontal plane, but with the accounting of an angle of deepening of working body are in chessboard order established. Rotary motion which promotes fuller cutting of rhizomes of weed plants and to improvement of quality of preseeding processing of the soil is forcibly transferred to working bodies. Justification of the offered device, constructive and technological schemes of the tool, conclusions and offers are given in the article
The article presents a production system analysis of high-quality winter wheat grain and the problem solution methods based on mechanization production processes strategy through a new generation of equipment and innovative improvement of machine technologies were outlined. Deterioration of grain quality indicators in the country was marked: the proportion of strong wheat is not more than 0.5% of commodity grain resources, and about 80% of exportable parties is wheat of 4...5 classes. Thus, it is possible due to the process mechanization to raise the grain quality. A well-known method of functional-cost analysis was applied to ground machine technological operations, which are the first to be developed in order to improve the wheat quality in the entire technological system, the demand for which is reduced abroad. The basic technological principles of production of high-quality grain were designed. They have three subsystems: the structure of the wheat varieties for the agricultural producer, the previous crops for wheat, features of cultivation technology of valuable varieties on the basis of intelligent manufacturing systems machines. The mechanization of high quality grain production processes was proposed. It can provide engine technology improvement due to rational composition machine-tractor units of new generation. They allow to abandon the outdated usual items of machinery used in their system and dramatically raise labor productivity due to the combination of operations, quality of work, yield and reduce costs. The features of mechanization on harvesting and post-harvest grain refinement are reflected with the aim of improving its quality. Applied to various forms of management, intellectual grain sorting means of mechanization recommended, which contribute to an increase in wheat quality. The impact of "neveika" technology with the completion of the heap at the stationary place on the grain quality improvement was marked
Pressure mode compressed-air installation use that allows transfer of biological poultry wastes was based on the investigation of agricultural cargo hauling equipment. The installation includes a compressor with a receiver, a conduit, a cork forming section, a valve and a reservoir. As a result of using the installation the energy intensity and consumption of the process are reduced during the transportation of the material, labor costs are reduced and the issue of environmental protection is resolved. To optimize the working process of the compressed-air installation, the volume of the blow-off boiler, the length and diameter of the pipeline were determined. It was established that the most important technological parameter of the installation, which is productivity, depends on its design parameters and physical and mechanical properties of the initial material. The determining influence on the performance is the air pressure and the speed of product movement. The required air pressure is regulated by the compressor, and the speed of transportation is due to the design parameters of the installation and the physical and mechanical properties of the material. These aspects are taken into account in this project for process optimization of the poultry biological waste transportation
The issue of resource saving in the process of preparation of feed mixtures of multifunctional mobile units on livestock operations shows the need for further qualitative research in the preparation of feed for feeding with the goal of full realization of the genetic potential of animals. Modern cars often do not meet the above requirements that require new solutions. The theoretical study of grinding process feed stem proposed biplane segments allow you to define conditions and to identify the main factors affecting the studied process, and subsequently reduce their impact on the operation of the machine as a whole
The aim of the research was to determine rational design parameters of a screw with variable step of press-extruder, which will allow to consider their physical condition and to obtain optimal density of sunflower cake, in loose and granular types for cattle on the basis of a psychological experiment or a priori ranking factors. Before the start of the study chose the factors that affect the density of sunflower meal. In the initial stage of studying the density of sunflower cake in addition to the analysis of the literature and previously obtained materials, we will conduct a psychological experiment or a priori ranking factors. Procedure of a psychological experiment was carried out in the following way. Each expert in the survey was asked to complete a form, in which were the factors, their dimensions and the anticipated intervals of variation. A specialist had to appoint the place of each factor and to include in the questionnaire other, not included into consideration factors or to express an opinion about the change of intershafts of variation. According to the survey we have calculated the coefficient of concordance and after it is evaluated determined by its significance for the Pearson criterion. After checking of the coefficient of concordance according to the Pearson criterion we have plotted rank distribution of factors influencing the density of sunflower oilcake by types, reflecting the collective opinion of experts. On the basis of the conducted expert assessment, the most significant factors affecting the density of sunflower cake, crumbled and granulated types are: (x1) the angle of taper of the screw (x2) step spiral auger 2, (X3) step revolution of the screw of the 1st winding. The proposed design parameters of the variable pitch screw press extruder can be attributed to the rational, since they allow not only to obtain the desired density of sunflower cake, in loose and granular types for cattle, but also to consider its physical and mechanical properties
The article considers the dependencies of the constructive parameters of a field board in the form of a cylindrical drum on the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. Expressions have been obtained for calculating the radius of the cylinder, as well as the size of the arm for installing the cylinder relative to the sock of the field board. The article also shows the limits of using field boards data on the bodies of plows