Name
Salfetnikov Anatoliy Alekseevich
Scholastic degree
•
Academic rank
professor
Honorary rank
—
Organization, job position
Kuban State Agrarian University
Web site url
—
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Articles count: 17
We have described the theoretical assumptions and methodological solutions in the present review. They are innovative possibilities in the development of laboratory methods for assessing biological features of grain during the selection process
Results of three-years of examining the collection material of winter barley of different ecological-geographic origin are brought in this article. We have also allocated sources of high grain productivity, winter hardiness and precocity for further use in breeding programs
In cell biology, actinomycin D is shown to have the ability to inhibit transcription. Actinomycin D does this by binding DNA at the transcription initiation complex and preventing elongation of RNA chain by RNA polymerase. When soaking the seeds in a solution of actinomycin D, antibiotic blocks RNA synthesis and seed germination occurs at the expense of long-living RNA, available in the mature seed. In the article we present experimental data indicating that as storage seeds of winter barley are changing the action actinomycin D on the growth of coleoptiles. It is shown that actinomycin D at a concentration of 40 µg/ml in October reduced the growth, in December it was not authentically, and in February it was paradoxical amplified growing coleoptiles. We suggest the part of the actinomycin D fastened with growth inhibitor coleoptiles, whose structure changes during seed storage and increase the affinity of actinomicyn D to the inhibitors. At a concentration of 60 µg/ml actinomycin D effectively reduced of the coleoptiles growth. Suppression of seedlings roots growth was proportional to the concentration of the actinomycin D and exposure time
The article presents data on the morphological and biological characteristics of Agrodeum varieties, the results of the competitive test were shown, as well as the adaptability of varieties to different conditions of cultivation and the main indicators of quality of new grain varieties
The article brings the results of three-year studies of the
influence of the periods of sowing on productivity of
new varieties and lines of winter barley
This review is devoted to the 60 anniversary of the
winter wheat variety (Triticum aestivum L.)
Bezostaya 1 – a masterpiece of world selection. This
variety played a great role in increasing total grain
yields in the Kuban Region. It also was an important
gene source for Russian and world breeding. This
variety has initiated and was for many years a party
to research molecular biological mechanisms of
wheat frost resistance formation. The article
summarizes data about the peculiarities of
functioning of protein-synthesizing system it sprouts
(coleoptilies) under the influence of hardening
temperature (4oC): translational activity in vitro,
poliribosomts, degree of polyadenilation and stability
of total mRNA and specific mRNA translational
elongation factor α subunit 1 (eEF-1 α). The in vitro
(ommp) system, which adequately characterizes the
relative mRNA stability in vivo was used for these
measurements. The effects of cooling and light on
mRNA stability were shown to be cultivar-specific.
The hardiness of winter wheat has a positive
relationship with the amount of RNA and DNA, and
a negative correlation with the amount of magnesium
cations in mature grain that can serve as a simple
marker of frost resistance. The main feature of the
variety Bezostaya 1 is high content of magnesium
ions (Mg++) in RNA molecules and relatively low
variation of Mg++-depending molecularphysiological
responses for different environmental
conditions. The knowledge gained in the study of
variety of Bezostaya 1 contributes to the
understanding of molecular biological processes that
underlie the selection and determining its future
success
The review examines the recent years’ data
pertaining to the interaction of plants with
nanoparticles of noble metals (gold and silver) and
with nanoparticles of magnesium as an element that
has a central role in the organization of the cellular
protein-synthesizing apparatus. Information is
presented about the effect of gold and silver
nanoparticles on plants and on possible nanoparticle
phytotoxicity. It is shown that magnesium
nanoparticles, as well as those of noble metals,
produce various effects on the growth and
productivity of plants, enabling the arsenal of
biologically active substances to be expanded.
Analysis is made of the involvement of magnesium
nanoparticles in cryobiological reaction of the
regular breakdown of plant RNA under conditions of ultra low temperatures, which is important not
only for the further developments of views of the
origin of life ob Earth but also for the purposes of
designing new markers for the analysis of the
biological peculiarities of agricultural crops on the
basis of studies of magnesium in the long-lived
RNA of their mature seeds. The presented critical
analysis of the literature data, which are often
incomplete and contradictory, suggest that a
coordinated research program is needed that would
detect correlation between particle parameters,
experimental design, and observed biological
effects
The article presents experimental data on the research
of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with mean diameter 15
nm and 50 nm effect on seeds germination and growth
of 3-day-old etiolated coleoptiles and roots. Compared
with distilled water (control) initial colloidal solution
of 15 nm and 50 nm GNPs (57 µg/ml) had no
significant impact on seeds germination and growth of
coleoptiles and roots. However, in both cases a weak
tendency to stimulation of the coleoptile growth and
root growth inhibition was observed. Reduction of 15
nm GNPs concentration down to 10 µg/ml and 1
µg/ml had not effect on the growth of the seedlings,
but stimulated seed germination up to twofold.
Similar concentrations of 50 nm GNPs exerted the
stimulating effect on seed germination (twofold) and
the growth of root and coleoptiles. Seedlings grew
especially intensive in colloidal GNPs solution with
Au concentration of 10 µg/ml. Temperature rise of 2
degrees (from 25°C to 27°C) resulted in growth
increase of control 3-day-old seedlings and opposite
effect of 50 nm GNPs: coleoptiles and roots growth
fell behind control seedlings growth by 16-17%.
However, on the 4th day, the relative growth
slowdown of control seedlings occurred at 27°C and
growth stimulation effect under the influence of 50
nm GNPs appeared again. Over time, the stimulating
effect of 50 nm GNPs decreased: at the end of October it weakened, and in November – beginning of
December, it was no observed for the roots, and there
was a decline in coleoptiles growth. However, in all
cases the effect of stimulation of seeds germination
persisted under the influence of 50 nm GNPs,
weakening by December. We hypothesize the
molecular mechanisms of biological action of GNPs
The problem of increasing resistance of winter
barley to adverse conditions of winter is the most
problem in the selection area of this crop. The main
component of this complex trait is the frost
resistance. Laboratory methods of assessment of
frost resistance are important for breeding of winter
barley. These methods can effectively replace more
costly method of direct freezing in the freezers.
Magnesium cations (Mg++) are essential
components of the protein-synthesizing system of
germinating seeds. Magnesium cations determine
the stability and translational activity of mRNA and
rRNA. Trilon B is usually used for in vitro banding
of magnesium cations in area of biochemistry of the
nucleic acids. It was very interesting to verify the
Trilon B influence to seed germination of winter
barley varieties by experiment. Experiments
showed: actinomycin D – the inhibitor of RNA
synthesis – didn’t show varieties specific effect to
seed growth of winter barley, while Trilon B had a
varieties specific impact to length coleoptiles and
roots. Research was carried out on etiolated
seedlings at temperatures from 22 to 28oC, and different concentrations of Trilon B - 1,6×10-3Ðœ,
2,4×10-3Ðœ and 3,2×10-3Ðœ. The roots of 3-days old
seedlings were more sensitive to Trilon B influence.
It is shown the varieties of Russian origin were
naturally reacted to Trilon B: the higher the frost
resistance of variety, the more resistant variety to
the action of various concentrations of Trilon B at
different temperatures. The most optimum
concentration was 3,2 × 10-3Ðœ at 22-25oC.
Varieties by foreign origin deviated from this
pattern. It is interesting to research the genetic
essence of these differences. It will be helpful for
optimization of varieties differentiation conditions
to create a laboratory method of estimate of frost
resistance of winter barley. The new method will be
most efficient compared the direct freezing method
The differential stability of mRNA is an important
mechanism for posttranscriptional regulation of gene
expression in eukaryotes. Messenger RNA stability is
controlled by specific genes and growth conditions.
The review examines the theoretical possibility of
mRNA stabilization in vivo as a consequence of
replacing carbon atoms (C) or phosphorus (P),
composed of nucleic acid on the silicon (Si) atom.
During isolation of poly-(A)+mRNA from plant
tissues by the two-cycle affinity chromatography on
poly-(U)-Sepharose, regular changes in poly-
(A)++mRNA yield were observed. The changes
varied both with the plant genotype and growth
conditions. Celite treatment of heated and unheated
total RNA preparations from developing corn kernels
and from green and etiolated wheat seedlings.
Messenger RNA that differed in the length of poly-
(A)-sequences was used for hybridization. It is
evident that a reduction of poly-(A)-length causes
alterations in spatial structure of mRNA, and
associated proteins and cations Mg++ become
accessible to celite absorption. Heating promotes
melting of secondary structure, already initiated, and
increases the efficiency of mRNA stabilization by
celite. Interpreting the facts interact celite with mRNA
in vitro and stabilization of mRNA in vivo by
cycloheximide with a modern point of view can be considered with the position research of the
phenomenon of RNA interference