Name
Pekhalskiy Igor Anatolievich
Scholastic degree
•
Academic rank
—
Honorary rank
—
Organization, job position
All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Mechanization of Agriculture
Web site url
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Articles count: 5
Productivity of seeds of cereal crops essentially
depends on the quality of the seed grain, which is
being defined both by biological condition of seeds
and technologies and technical resources, which are
being used in, machine processing of seed heap. In this
connection, different injuries of weevils which are
occurred while mechanical and thermomechanical
influences from tools of machines and aggregates have
got vital importance. Apart from the breaches of
integrity of the weevil’s cover there are also exist
traumatizing changes of its inside structures which are
frequently covered with casings and do not being
viewed with visual inspection. Conditions of inside
structures of weevils were researched with
radiographic method and also were defined possible
types of traumatizing changes which depend on
mechanical and thermomechanical influences, which
were eliminated in universal classification of injures
among the inside structures of seeds of agricultural
cultures. Also, wу have analyzed the influence of
chosen types of injuries on seeds’ sowing qualities and
found that all injures of weevils essentially and
differentially influenced the sowing and fruitful
qualities and should be considered while choosing the
technological schemes of preparation, working tools
and while tuning the aggregates’ regime of work
attached to the machine processing of grain and seed
heap
The article analyzes the structures of domestic selfpropelled
potato harvesters, developed in 60-90th of the
last century. It considers their layout: based on selfpropelled
chassis NL-45, NL-65, NL-75, K-mounted
single-row and double-row 5B K-5A and KKSSH-2, on
the basis of MTZ-142 Four-KSKD-4; specialized
harvesters KSK-4-I, KSK-4A-1.We have disclosed the
advantages and disadvantages of each of the structures
shown the way forward. The analysis shows a general
trend of equipment self-propelled combines cartofeleuborochnyh
means to monitor the work of the
working bodies and councils-ment process, as well as
hydrostatic transmission based hydroficated bridges or
motor-wheels to run on high-styah soon. In the
arrangement of machines and their technological
schemes trend-Uwe crease width, equipment storage
hopper, enabling productivity-dit unloading products in
a number of oncoming traffic. We consider the design
perspective of modular self-propelled potato harvester
BCSC-4K, consisting of technological and power
module. Conducted owners-governmental tests combine
BCSC-4K display-whether it combines advantages over
KSK-4-I and KSK-4A-I performance and quality
indicators
Increase of gross grain collecting and minimization of
cost of its production essentially depends on
technologies and technical means, which are used
while grain crops cultivation. At the same time the
existing industrial seed farming and the grain’s
production are assumed the multiple mechanical and
thermomechanical impacts on grain from working tools
of cars and units that leads to weevils’ traumatizing.
Grain damage negatively affects its technological and
fodder characteristics; seeds’ traumatizing causes the
decrease in their sowing and fruitful features. It isn't
possible to extract injured seeds from the pile because
working tools damage the weevils itself and also there
are small differences between damaged and
undamaged weevils. It is possible to reduce grain
traumatizing while machine preparation by reducing
the quantity and extent of mechanical and
thermomechanical impacts on weevils, by optimization
of technological operations and by controlling the
regimes and adjustments of working tools. The work of
winnower machines M-819 KAS-10+SBVS-5 and AS-
10+ was researched while developing a technique of
complex quantitative and quality standard of machines’
and tools’ influence on weevils’ traumatizing. It was
ascertained that on different stages of weevils’
mechanical preparation it get different injuries in
quantitative and qualitative expressions. It was offered
to estimate the injuring ability of machines by the impact of seeds’ injures influence on its sowing
features. Also there was a conception of traumatizing
coefficient which includes either quantitative or
qualitative debriefing influences of the traumatizing on
grains features
Damage of grain and seeds by machines makes
essential negative impact on sowing qualities of seeds
and processing properties of grain. While processing of
grain a lot of various cars and actions differently injure
weevils. To exclude traumatizing of grains in the
course of mechanical preparation is not obviously
possible, as working bodies of cars are a source of
mechanical and thermomechanical damages. Besides,
injured weevils on the physical-mechanical properties
practically do not differ from whole, i.e. they do not
possess signs for machine division. To reduce
traumatizing of weevils is possible with the help of
application of optimum technologies of machining,
selection of the conforming technological modes, using
as a part of actions of constructional stuffs with a low
elastic modulus, perfection of their design data. For
definition of injuring ability of various machines and
actions through which takes place grain lots, have
developed a procedure which allows with high degree
of reliance to estimate complex traumatizing of weevils
(namely, their outside integuments and intrinsic
frames) machines and the actions which are a part of aggregates and complexes for machine preparation of
grain and seeds. The developed procedure bases on a
basis of the standard documents regulating test
methods of agricultural machinery and together with it
allows to consider connatural heterogeneity of the grain
lots arriving for processing
The article gives a brief historical overview of the
development work on the creation of agricultural
robots. We also give characteristics of the market for
robots, with their descriptions since 2002 onwards. The
work presents main problems when creating
agricultural robots, with more detailed features such as
orientation in space using machine vision tools, as well
as video surveillance to identify and recognize the
characteristics of plants. Continuous, panoramicallythree-dimensional
tracking of each plant can be
provided by using a video network, able to distinguish
between separate plants within the field of view of the
cameras, lined up in particularly targeted technological
points. Custom video shooting is possible for
individual plants, with the aim of identifying deviations
in development, degree of maturation, detection of
disease and other technological purposes. It is shown
that positioning and motion control of the technological
trajectory can be carried out using satellite navigation
systems either using ground positioning, including
machine vision and targeting laser, for example pathpointer
or sensor barriers. For detection, identification
and positioning we commonly use satellite navigation
GPS system (mainly for monitoring vehicles and
agricultural units). As well as television and digital
video surveillance and positioning system in real-timeRTLS,
but each of these systems has its limitations.
Network wireless local positioning RFID (Radio-frequency identification) is used for various purposes
in a variety of applications, allowing you to monitor
the location and movement of objects and reliably
identify them both outside and inside the premises. But
none of these systems could possibly accomplish the
task completely. The solution may be sharing the listed
systems. This integration offers opportunities not
available for separate systems. This article describes a
platform with a caterpillar engine, as the basis of
unmanned robot for farmlands