Intensification of agriculture during the twentieth
century was accompanied by an increase in
international trade, resulting in the resettlement of
many species across continents. As a result of these
processes, many adventives species have become
economically significant and dangerous plants in agro
and urban biosensors. One such plant is Ambrosia
artemisiifolia L., imported from North America to
Russia. The use of chemical means of suppression of
A. artemisiifolia L. often does not give positive results
in agrocenoses, because of its biomorphological
features. In urban areas, within the boundaries of
sanitary zones, the use of chemicals is prohibited.
Therefore, the most promising direction in the
suppression of ragweed ambrosia is the ecologies
method. The article discusses the possibility of using
an ambrosia leaf beetle in the feeding of ragweed in
the territory of Russia
An experiment has been carried out on the effect of
germination of seeds with perlite on the improvement
of the growth force of rye Vyatka-2. The purpose of
the experiment was to study the effect of perlite on
the growth force of seeds under the conditions of
additional fertilizers and changing the volume water
during irrigation. The task of the work was to
determinate the growth force of seeds with perlite.
The growth force of the seeds was determined after
10 days in sprouted seeds in five samples in glass
vessels with three different moisture conditions. It
was proved that germination of seeds with perlite
increased the seed growth force up to 28% in
comparison with seeds grown in sand (a control
sample). The result also depended on decreasing of
humidity rate up to 30-40%
The proposed agro technology for the cultivation of
soft winter wheat contributes to the reproduction of
fertility of leached Chernozem of the Western
Ciscaucasia. As a result of application of fertilizers in
the arable layer of soil hydrolytic acidity decreased by
21.8%, humus content increased by 10.3%, mobile
phosphorus - by 54.8%, mineral nitrogen by 10.3%
and potassium - by 9.6% compared to the control.
Studied agricultural technology allowed to increase the
yield of winter wheat to 81.8 kg/ha and protein to 15.3
per cent, of gluten, to 27.8%. We have noticed
exceeded concentration of mobile phosphorus in the
upper soil horizon (1.5 MРС) in the cultivation of
wheat after alfalfa, which contributed to reduced grain
yield. Under conditions of prolonged application of
fertilizers and pesticides reduced the content of mobile
forms of trace elements - copper and zinc. The content
of mobile forms of Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Co, Pb and Cd
below the limit values of environmental and
Toxicological regulations clayey and loamy soils for
agricultural purposes. The trend of accumulation of
cadmium in the green mass of plants (~ 1.2 MPC) and
winter wheat grain up to 1.5 MPC for baby food
The influence of different agricultural technologies on
the yield of winter barley variety ‘Gordei’ was studied.
Economic evaluation was given to the researched
factors. The studies were carried out at the
experimental station of Kuban State Agrarian
University in the conditions of polyfactorial long-term
soil monitoring. The soil is represented by strongly
leached, light-clay black humus with an average
thickness of the humus horizon - 150 cm. It was found
that with the change of technology (fertilizer, tillage,
sowing method, means of protection) winter barley
yields increases to 50% in comparison with the
control. According to the analysis of bioenergetic and
economic evaluation it makes sense to use the variants
022, 111 and 222 at plowing, where the maximum net
efficiency ratio and net income are noticed
The researches on the mustard protein-containing fodder concentrate "Gorlinka" use were carried out during 2015-2016 in the laboratories of Volgograd state agrarian university, as well as at LLC "Donagrogaz" in the Frolovsky district of the Volgograd region. During the research, the authors studied the new high protein fodder additive influence on the digestibility and feeds absorbency, as well as on the blood morphological and biochemical parameters. During the research, it was established that the used fodder additive has a positive influence on the dynamics of the digestibility coefficients and the nitrogen balance. During the physiological experiment, all the experimental cows had a positive nitrogen balance, in the control group it was 9.8 g (the lowest value), in the second group, it was 12.6 g, and in the first one, it was 12.0. When determining the experimental animals’ blood biochemical and morphological parameters the content of the studied components corresponds to the physiological norms. The average daily milk yield for the analogues from the 1st test group was higher as compared to the control, by 1.01 kg, or 5.1%. The mean daily milk yield of the control group was also lower than for the cows of the 2nd test group by 1.45 kg, or 7.4%
The researches were carried out with the support of the Federal state budget establishment "The development assistance fund of small forms enterprises in scientific-technical sphere" (Fund for the innovation promotion), contract number 0019671. The fodder additive «Nutovit» in growing chickens feeding application enriched mixed fodder for farm poultry with protein and especially with the amino acid such as lysine. Scientific-economic experiment was carried out at the poultry-farm enterprise of the Volgograd region in 2015-2016. 4 growing chicken groups with 54 heads in each group were selected for the experiment. The growing chickens were selected according to the cross, age, living body weight, health status. The difference in experimental poultries feeding was that in the experimental groups the sunflower oil cake in the feed mixture was replaced by fodder additive "Nutovit". It was established, that the essential amino acids availability and the saturation of fodder additives with vitamins influence positively on: young chickens live weight and average daily growth, the live weight to 120-days age in the second experimental group amounted to 1657 g, and average daily growth was to 12.46 g, which is higher compared to the control group by 4.48 % at 100% poultry livability; blood morphological and biochemical composition: formed elements of blood, namely erythrocytes, in the experimental groups young chickens blood were more in 0.02 to 0.05×1012/l compared with the control one. The researches established that blood leukocytes reduction in growing chickens of the experimental group was little, in 0.04, 0.09, 0.08 ×109 l. Calcium content in growing chickens blood in the control group was 2.6 mmol/L. The experimental group surpassed the control on 0.14-0.21 mmol/L. The phosphorus content in chickens blood in the experimental groups exceeded the control one by 0.08-0.24 mmol/l. In addition, the feeding cost reduction was established due to the fodder additive "Nutovit" use
This article presents the studying results of new premixes of domestic production using efficiency based on processed products, in particular - oil cakes. The research was carried out in the conditions of the second-order pedigree reproductor in LLC "Svetly" in the Svetloyarsky district of the Volgograd region in the period from 2015 to 2017. During the scientific and economic experience, the authors revealed the new fodder additives positive influence on the laying hens’ egg productivity, on the eggs morphological and incubation rates and on the got young birds. The use of premixes in layer diet, which included the fodder concentrate from the plant raw material "Sarepta" and Camelina seed oil cake, contributed to the increase in the hens laying capacity, in general, the group received in 249 and 310 pieces more than in the control one. The egg average weight from the chickens of the control group was 60.89 g; from the first experimental it was 61.33 g; from the second experimental it was 61.39 g, which was higher than in the control one, respectively, by 0.44 g and 0.50 g. While the hatching eggs morphological indices analysis, it was revealed that all parameters are within the permissible limits of the physiological norm. Fertilization of eggs in the control group was at the level of 89.33%, which is lower than in the experimental groups. As a whole, the eggs' production in groups was 20.00% in the control, 17.33% in the 1st group, and 16.00% in the 2nd test group
The article reviews the results of studying the influence of mineral fertilizers on the uvological, yielding and qualitative indices of the Merlot grape variety in the Anapo-Taman zone of the Krasnodar region. The technology of cultivation of grapes on the experimental plot was performed in accordance with the accepted for the given zone and culture. Agrobiological work was carried out at the optimal time and had a high quality of execution. Grape bushes were laid in a 3.0 x 2.0 m pattern. Formation - a two-shoulder horizontal cordon. On the bushes, there was formed the same load shoots and bunches. Scheme of experience: option 1 – no fertilizers (control); option 2 - superphosphate with a mixture of potassium salt (P90K90) from the autumn; option 3 – nitroammofoska (N120P120K120) from autumn; option 4 – ammonium nitrate (N60) in early spring. Analysis of the results of the studies on the study of biological features of growth, fruiting, yield and quality of Merlot grape varieties on the background of the use of mineral fertilizers shows their high efficiency in the conditions of the Anapo-Tamanskaya zone of the Krasnodar region and can be recommended for use in production conditions. Autumn application of nitroammofoski (N120P120K120) provides an increase in yield by 68.3%, increases the yield of mash from a hectare by 76.7% and the collection of sugar by 97.6%. Autumn application of phosphate-potassium fertilizers (P90K90) and early spring application of ammonium nitrate (N60) also contributed to an increase in yields by 33.3 and 40.6%, respectively. On the output of the wort, these options are equal, and for the collection of sugar phosphate-potassium fertilizers exceed ammonia nitrate
In this article, we present the results of the experiments on
the potential of productivity and accumulation of the root
mass of the Alfalfa and Brome-grass, on the content of the
main nourishment elements and the consolidation of gross
energy in the roots and agroenergetical effect of the
collected gross energy in the conditions of permafrost turf
soil of the Middle Lena valley. The maximum productivity
potential of beans and cereals grass mixture was reached
on the basis of the organic mineral nourishment regime:
the collected exchange energy – 21,3 GJ, feed units – 1568
and collected raw proteins – 428 kg per ha. Thus, the
content of digestible protein in beans and cereals grass
mixture agrophytocenoenosis was increased from 118 to
124 g, that exceeded a zootechnic norm (105 g). In general
the nitrogen contained in the total root mass of beans and
cereals grass mixture agrophytocenoenosis was up to 26,6
centner per hectare and movable phosphorus- up to 33,6 kg
per hectare that can serve as the source of nourishment for
sown herbs. The maximal stock of gross energy in roots
was got in beans and cereals grass mixture
agrophytocenoenosis at organic-mineral degrees (humus of
40 centner per hectare once in 4 years + of N120PK60
annually) up to 157,1 GJ/ha, while the accumulation of the
root mass reached 140,3 centner per hectare at average
annual rates of accumulation of dry substance up to 24,5
centner per hectare. The processes of formation,
decomposition and death of roots in the beans and cereals
grass mixture agrophytocenosis take place almost in a
balance state. Wherein the biological factor, as the
inclusion of the Yakut yellow variety of the Alfalfa in the
grass stand, plays a positive role
In the soils of rice fields, eluvial gley processes
develop, which are manifested in redistribution of silty
particles along the profile, water-soluble humus,
mobile compounds of iron and phosphorus. Most
intensively, these processes are developed in meadowbog
soils, confined to closed depressions of the plains
plain. Meadow-black soils lying on elevated relief
elements have more favorable physical, physicochemical
and oxidation-reduction properties for
cultivating rice and accompanying crops in crop
rotation. The highest yield of rice is formed on high
checks and higher at 12,4 c/ha than on low ones