Scientific Journal of KubSAU

There are changes in almost all the properties of chernozems under locally overmoistening. In general, changes in the properties and conditions of chernozems under the development of local wetlands went in a particular way, regardless of the peculiarities of soil formation factors and causes waterlogging. The most noticeable change is the transformation of physical properties of soil and organic matter status. According to our research, more quickly and clearly excessive moisture causes a change in the physical properties of the soil. There are changes of the structural state, bulk density and amount of water-stable aggregates. The significant change is the transformation of soil organic matter. There is increasing of total humus content. In a group composition, the fraction of humic and fulvic acids increases the share. The humus profile is stretched. In the majority of cases in investigated soils was diagnosed secondary salinization. The periodic waterlogging of the soil also contributes to the change in the amount of soil carbonates and their distribution in the profile. Chernozems gradually lose calcium, the main structurant and humates maker. Among the most studied soil of Zernogradsky region in the cationic part of the prevailing spot goes sodium. In addition, the narrowing ratio of calcium to magnesium was observed. That is the hallmark of the aqueous extract of locally overmoistening soils

In the article we have investigated the influence of nickel oxide in the amount of 100, 1000 mg/kg of the soil (1, 10 MPC), combined with the influence of an alternating magnetic field of induction of 50, 100 and 650 µT power frequency of 50 Hz on the biological properties of alkalinity black soil

In this article, we have presented a number of modeling experiments to investigate the chemical pollution of brown calcareous soil. It assesses the stability of brown calcareous soil of a nature reserve called Utrish to contamination with heavy metals in biological parameters. Pollution of brown calcareous soil with Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and oil causes a significant reduction in biological parameters. The degree of reduction depends on the nature of the contaminant and its concentration in the soil. The study showed that the indicators used in the biological condition of the soil, could be recommended for use for diagnosis, monitoring, and regulation of chemical pollution of brown soil. According to the degree of resistance to chemical contamination, the brown soils of Russia form the following series: typical brown - brown carbonate - brown leached

We have investigated the influence of nickel oxide in the amount 100, 1000 mg/kg of the soil (1, 10 MPC), combined with the influence of variation magnetic field with induction of 50, 100 and 650 μT power frequency of 50 Hz on the enzyme activity and phytotoxity of the southern chernozem. We have established significant reduction of enzyme activity of catalase and length of roots after the influence of the variation of magnetic fields. Pollution by nickel as an independent factor caused stimulation of enzyme activity of a dehydrogenaze and length of roots of radish. The greatest inhibition of the activity of all indicators was observed at joint influence of magnetic fields and pollution by nickel of concentration of 1 maximum permissible concentration (1 MPC). Enzyme activity of dehydrogenaze was significantly stimulated (p

The article presents the results of laboratory modeling of gleyisation and its effect on the biological properties of soils with stagnant regime in ordinary black soils. Gleyisation is a complex biochemical process that occurs under oxygen reduction conditions. Anaerobic microorganisms, the presence of organic substances, and the constant or prolonged waterlogging of individual horizons or the entire soil profile promote gleyisation. Model experiments revealed that gleyisation increase the total number of bacteria and suppresses number of actinomycetes, micromycetes and growth of fungal mycelium. Gleyisation decreases the activity of oxidoreductases and increases the hydrolases activity. In addition, the second content of humus slightly increases and active acidity (pH) changes to neutral. Accumulation of large amounts of iron oxide (II) in soil is revealed

This article presents an assessment of the stability of the black soil of the Crimea to contamination with heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni) and oil using biological indicators

The essential part of a soil cover of the Republic of Adygea is occupied by gray forest soils. Thus they still remain a little studied, including concerning their resistance to chemical pollution. Contamination of gray forest soils of Adygea with Zn, Cd, Mo, Se causes deterioration of their biological properties. In most cases, the degree of reduction of the values of biological indicators is directly dependent on the concentration of pollutant in the soil. According to the degree of toxicity to the biological properties of the investigated elements form the following sequence: Se > Zn > = Cd > Mo. Biological parameters investigated in research (activity of catalase and dehydrogenase, cellulolytic ability, abundance of bacteria of the genus Azotobacter, radish root length) may be used for purposes of monitoring, diagnosis and regulation of chemical pollution of gray forest soils Zn, Cd, Mo, Se

Rendzina soils are very widespread in the Caucasus. Because of their ecological and genetic characteristics Rendzina has significant buffering capacity to chemical pollution. The object of investigation was calcareous leached soil. Location selection - Azishskaya ridge on the border of the Republic of Adygea and the Krasnodar region. As pollutants, we have selected Zn, Cd, Mo, Se, since soil contamination with these elements in the south of Russia is not uncommon. Contamination of zinc, cadmium, molybdenum and selenium causes deterioration in the biological properties of calcareous soils of the Western Caucasus. We have investigated the toxicity of the elements formed following series due to their influence on Rendzina soils: Zn> Se> Cd> = Mo. The study attempted to analyze the entire range of concentrations of the examined elements in the soil, currently occurring in nature. In most cases, all the investigated substances registered direct correlation between the concentration of the pollutant in the soil and the degree of reduction of biological indicators. The activity of catalase and dehydrogenase cellulolytic ability, plenty of bacteria of the genus Azotobacter, length of roots of radish can be used to monitor, diagnose and regulation of chemical pollution of soil Zn, Cd, Mo, Se

The article gives an assessment of resistance of the brown typical soil of the Utrish national reserve to pollution with heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb) and oil on biological indicators

We studied the effects of heavy metal pollution on soil phytotoxicity cities of the Rostov region. The research objects were the soils of urbolandscape towns: Taganrog, Novocherkassk, Gukovo, Shakhty, Azov. The study of the soil pollution with heavy metals was recorded in Gukovo, Shakhty, Taganrog. The degree of pollution of the studied cities form the following row: Gukovo > Shakhty > Taganrog > basics > Novocherkassk. The research was carried out in 2011-2015 at the Department of ecology and environmental Sciences of southern Federal University. In most cases, there was a direct correlation between pollutant concentration and the degree of deterioration of the studied soil properties. Used biological indicators are informative for monitoring of urban soils polluted with heavy metal. The degree of informativity of biological indicators form the following row: root length > germination >length of shoots. The results of the study can be used for monitoring and diagnosing the condition of contaminated soils, in the assessment of environmental impact, risk assessment of natural and synthetic disasters, the development of regional standards on the content of heavy metals in soil and in other environmental and industrial activities