Name
Chausov Vladimir Mikhailovich
Scholastic degree
•
Academic rank
associated professor
Honorary rank
—
Organization, job position
Kuban State Agrarian University
Web site url
—
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Articles count: 14
The article presents the results of the study of yield, mechanical and biochemical composition of Merlot grape vine variety and its two clones in the conditions of Taman and Anapa subzone of the Krasnodar region. Clones differ from the maternal variety by the large number of berries in the bunch, the mass of the berry, the average mass of the bunch and the yield. Maternal variety and its clones are characterized by very close percentages of berries and combs in the bunch and by indicators of the structure, composition and structure of the bunch. By the yield of juice percentage, in different growth areas clones showed the same results as the original variety. According to the content of glucose, fructose, organic acids (wine, apple, citric, succinic), potassium, sodium, magnesium and calcium cations in the juice of berries, there is no reliable differences between the original variety and its clones. The content of dry substances, sugars, titrated acids, and the sugar-acid coefficient depended on the yield, but in general, they were favorable for the production of wine materials and juices. Merlo phanagoriiskii and Merloc are ecologically plastic and belong to the first group of varieties that retain their valuable characteristics in different areas of growth
The article presents results of studying the oenology
and the biochemistry of the Cabernet-Sauvignon
grapes in different areas of the Krasnodar region -
Taman, Anapa, Abrau-Dyurso, Gelendzhik and
Krasnodar. The yields, the mechanical composition of
the grapes, the biochemical indicators of the juice of
berries were compared. The cultivation zone affects
the yield, the average mass of the bunch, the number
and mass of berries in the bunch, the mass of the crest,
but according to the percentage of berries and crest in
the bunch, the bunch structure (ratio of mass of berries
to mass of the ridge) does not significantly differ
between growing zones. The mass of 100 berries and
100 seeds, the weight of seeds in 100 berries, the
clustering index (the ratio of pulp with juice to peel)
can differ in different places of growth, but with
insignificant coefficients of variation. The composition
of the bunch as a percentage of the total mass varies
little over the growing zones: the ridges make up 5.6-
5.7%, the skin 4.9-5.2%, the seeds 4.8-4.9%, the pulp
with the juice - 84.3-84.5%. Structural and berry
indicators varied in the range of 5.4-5.5 and 76.84,
respectively. Depending on the place of cultivation, the
yield of the grape must in laboratory conditions was
75.1-75.7%. Analysis of the structure, composition and
the structure of bunches showed that the mechanical
composition of Cabernet-Sauvignon refers to the first
group of varieties that retain their valuable
characteristics when changing the growing conditions.
When harvesting, the mass concentration of sugars was
19-19.8%, titrated acidity - 8.1-9.2 g / dm3, pH - 3.3-
3.4. Depending on the place of cultivation of the
content of organic acids in the juice of berries was:
wine - 4917-5918 mg / dm3, apple - 1926-2763, lemon
- 215-416 mg / dm3. In different places of cultivation
in% of the total amount of organic acids studied, the
content of tartaric acid varied from 61.7 to 71.4%,
apple - from 24.7 to 33.3%, lemon - from 3 to 5%.
Thus, the content of organic acids in the juice of
Cabernet-Sauvignon berries depends on the specific
growing conditions. Depending on the growing places,
the mass concentration of potassium cations is 2630-3508 mg / dm3, sodium 162-436, magnesium 171-230,
calcium 185-255 mg / dm3. However, in most cases,
as a percentage of the total cation content, there are no
differences depending on the site of growth. Thus, the
biochemical parameters of the juice of CabernetSauvignon
berries depend on the specific natural
conditions of the terrain and, according to these
parameters, the variety belongs to the second group of
varieties with less plasticity to different growing
conditions
The results of comparative analysis of three white muscat grades of grapes Viorika, the Muscat de Yaloven and the Muscat onitskan according to the biological indicators of fructification, productivity, quality of berries, mechanical structure of bunches, suitability for manufacture of direct extraction juice and dry wines are depicted in the article. All studied grades differ by high percent of fruiting runaways and high factors of fruiting and fructification. The highest factors of fruiting and fructification of runaways are reflected at grade Viorika, and the lowest - at a grade the Muscat de Yaloven. Biological indicators of fructification of runaways according to the length of a fruit spear are high and rather levelled at all grades. That is why, depending on bushes forming, it is possible to apply short and average (6-7 buds) length of vine cutting. Biological indicators of fructification of runaways from angular buds and sleeping buds are high enough, that shows to good regenerative ability of studied grades. Grades Viorika and the Muscat de Yaloven are tall, and the Muscat onitskan is average height. Degree of ripening of runaways at grades Viorika and the Muscat onitskan is good, at a grade the Muscat de Yaloven - satisfactory. Productivity of grades Viorika, Muscat de Yaloven and the Muscat onitskan is 77,94; 81,52 and 72,72 centner/hectares, and efficiency of runaway - 199,5; 193 and 221,9 with a significant difference between grades on both indicators. The exit of a mash at grades was 77,5-79,4 %. According to the contents of solids, sugars and acids, grapes of all grades correspond to requirements for manufacture of high-quality direct extraction juice. From grapes of these grades, it is possible to produce high-quality direct extraction juice under the name of ampelographic and blended grades.
Sampling estimation of dry wines from grapes of these grades fluctuates from 7,6 to 7,8 points: 7,8 (Viorika), 7,7 (the Muscat onitskan), 7,6 (the Muscat de Yaloven)