Name
Alabushev Andrey Vasilievich
Scholastic degree
•
Academic rank
academic
Honorary rank
—
Organization, job position
FSBSI Agricultural Research center «Donskoу»
Web site url
—
Articles count: 2
At present, the farmers have to develop varieties and
hybrids, which fully meet the requirements of
agricultural production. The study of correlation among
economic-valuable characteristics of grain sorghum is of
great importance nowadays, as it allows optimizing
plant-breeding work at its early stages. For a more
productive process of developing of the initial material in
breeding, it is necessary to determine the correlation
among the traits to identify the strongest connections,
and to conduct further work, based on the obtained data.
Knowing the correlation, the estimation of timeconsuming
economic trait can be replaced by the
assessment of the simpler trait correlated with it. The
article presents the analysis of correlation among various
traits of grain sorghum. The degree and direction of the
correlation have been estimated. The significant effect of
the length of vegetation period on many traits has been
seen. There have been also mentioned the characteristics,
having an influence on a size and a number of kernels
per panicle. There is a positive correlation between a size
of panicle and dimensions of a leaf (length, width).
Along with it there has been found a positive correlation
among linier dimensions of a panicle, length and width
of a leaf, a number of leaves with a number of kernels
per panicle. While studying the correlation between an
extension of a panicle with other traits, there has been
noted a negative correlation between a length of
vegetation period, length and width of a leaf, but there
has been found a positive correlation with plant height. There has been found a positive effect of 1000-kernel
weight, a number of kernels per panicle, a number of
leaves and their dimensions on the formation of kernel
weight per panicle
Sorghum is cultivated in many countries of the world
on around 50 ml hectares. The main producers of
sorghum are India, Nigeria, Sudan and the USA.
Sorghum comes from equatorial Africa. India and
China are the secondary places of origin and formation.
The USA achieved great success in breeding, seedgrowing
and agro technologies of grain sorghum. In the
country sorghum occupies 14.4% of the world amount
of sowing areas; the gross yield is 40%. Sorghum
breeding on Don was started by E.S. Yakushevsky in
1938. In 1963 after a long break the work was restarted
at the Zernograd Breeding Station headed by Ya.I.
Issakov. At present the amount of sowing areas for
sorghum is constantly increasing in RF (220.3 thousand
ha in 2015). It occurs due to aridity of climate and more
frequent use of the crop as insurance. Besides, the
development of white kernel varieties gave an
opportunity to use sorghum for starch and spirit. There
are 221 varieties and hybrids of sorghum registered in
the State List. The main directions of breeding work
with grain sorghum are early maturity, suitability for
mechanical harvesting, productivity and grain quality.
The ARRIGC developed the white kernel early
maturing varieties ‘Velikan’, ‘Zernogradskoe 88’,
‘Ataman’ without necessity to be dried after harvesting,
with productivity of 8 t/ha. The main directions of breeding work with sweet sorghum are early maturity,
high intensity of initial growth, low height, resistance to
lodging, high productivity and quality of green chop.
The ARRIGC developed the varieties for fodder use
(‘Listvenit’), for spirit and treacle (‘Debyut’ and
‘Zernogradsky Yantar’). Sorghum due to origin and
varietal diversity even in dry and hot parts of the world
allow obtaining stable, high yields of grain and green
chop. This makes sorghum the leading grain-forage and
food crop