Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Hulled rice has a high calorie content, light assimilability and dietary properties. It was shown why just after heavy application of chemical preparations on rice sowings its groats remain clean and are dietary and therapeutic product

The history of department of genetic, breed¬ing and seed-growing is linked with the develop¬ment of agronomic faculty of Kuban Agricultural Institute. There was shown the role of S.S. Zamotaylov - the sixth head of the department, scientist-geneticist, specialist in cytology, embryology, experimental haploidy, practical selection and V.V. Efremova- the seventh head of the department, well-known teacher in genetics, selection, seed-growing and variety breeding of field crops as well

Large areas under commercial rice in many countries of the world including Russia are infested with weed-field red grain forms of rice. In the nineties of the XX century new red grain forms of rice appeared in the rice commercial fields of the Krasnodar region; these plants differed little from the morphotype of the variety in morphological characteristics. Such plants were difficult to distinguish and remove during varietal weeding. The increased content of red rice grains among the elite seeds leads to the rejection of such crops, thus reducing the economic efficiency of the seed production. Researchers do not have a single opinion on the origin of the new forms of the red grain rice. Various assumptions are made on mutations, unlocking of epigene of the pericarp coloration of the caryopsis to return to the ancestral red grain forms, and cross-pollination between cultivated and red grain rice. In 2014-2018 a methodological experiment on artificial hybridization between the white grain variety and rice varieties with colored pericarp of the grains (Mars and Yuzhnaya Noch) was carried out to discover the origin of these new forms of the red grain rice. The article presents an analysis of hybrids of direct and reverse crosses between the white grain variety Snezhinka, having an amylose long grain, and the black grain variety Yuzhnaya Noch with a glutinous short grain. As a result of artificial hybridization, a new initial material was received with a different type of grain in shape, color and consistency of the endosperm. This material is of significant interest for further breeding and genetic research. When evaluating hybrid plants obtained by direct crossing Snezhinka / Yuzhnaya Noch and reverse crossing Yuzhnaya Noch / Snezhinka, a significant influence of the maternal cytoplasm on the formation of quality signs of endosperm has been revealed. This must be considered when planning such studies. An analysis of the economically valuable traits of the received hybrid material brings a conclusion that the new red grain forms in the commercial rice varieties may appear as a result of spontaneous hybridization between red grain and white grain rice

Future increase of rice productivity is possible in expense of plant change architectonics. Creation of plants with erect position of leaves allows to compact sowings and to increase the productivity of cenosis. There were studied the rice samples with erect leaves and large grain as an initial material for selection on increased productivity

There were considered the morphological traits and biological peculiarities of rice which should be taken into account at this plant cultivation working out with the aim of getting of maximally high yield at excellent grain quality. There were marked the rice varieties for different conditions of growing

In this article results of research of quality characteristics of Russian and foreign rice varieties are observed. Possibility of using data in characterizing germplasm from collection is discussed

In this article the results of the research of quality characteristics of Russian and foreign rice varietieswere observed. A possibility of using the data in characterizing germplasm from the collection was discussed

In this article, the results of the research of quality characteristics of Russian rice varieties were observed

As a result of stepped hybridization and multiple replicated screening, the new rice variety Lider was received. The peculiarities of the new variety is a quick growth of plants at a sprouting – tillering stage. It gives the possibility to obtain sprouts from water lower than 20-25 cm which kills for Echinochloa. Lider is grown in Russia without application of pesticides.

Under conditions of vegetation experiment at soil artificial chloride salinization the dynamics of accumulation and distribution of sodium, potassium and calcium in organs of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) have been studied, as well as their correlation with tissue hydration in ontogenesis. The significant restriction of salinization ions transport and accumulation, particularly sodium, in the actively functioning upper leaves and panicles has been observed. Whereas the content of calcium and potassium in the experimental and control plants differed slightly