Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The article considers manufacturing techniques and assembling screw propellers of transport vehicles for rice and fish farms. The increase in technological capabilities, reliability and carrying capacity of transport vehicles is achieved by making the propeller screw, with the possibility of its rotation. We called such propellers screw propellers, since along their perimeter along the entire length, multiple-curved curved surfaces are formed in the form of helical grooves of various configurations, sizes and shapes. The spatial form of the screw propellers is made with screw surfaces in the form of helical grooves, which ensures that the transport machines for rice and fish farms are conveyed on land, on water, through swampy and difficult terrain at a sufficiently high speed. As a result of the work performed, not only the designs of screw propellers and their classification were proposed, in which there is a general principle that allows the development of still unknown structures of propellers, but also their manufacturing techniques. The design of screw propellers was performed using the KOMPAS-3D software package using descriptive geometry and engineering graphics

The article presents the results of the research on modeling of working bodies of agricultural equipment by methods of engineering geometry and computer graphics. The design and the principle of operation of the equipment on the basis of working bodies in the form of screw drums is shown on the example of a device for the preparation of concentrated feed

The article presents innovative technologies and developed methods and devices for drying chicken manure. Ways of their optimization on the basis of screw aggregates and a calculation technique for introduction in production are offered. The results of a long-term research into the search for and development of innovative technologies for the construction of a methodology for calculating not only a device for drying chicken manure with subsequent introduction into production, but also a device for drying bulk materials of agricultural purpose are shown. An example of thermal calculation and selection of the parameters of a drying device is shown on the basis of screw aggregates

Improvement is offered for working bodies’ forms in devices for preparation of forages by methods of engineering geometry and computer graphics. That opens not only great opportunities for intensification, increase in productivity and efficiency of the technological processes, but also opens ways for creation of small-sized devices for their realization. Constructive study of geometry of working bodies surface, allows us to give wavy movement to particles of forage and impart them the movement with bigger power consumption. In such installations forage particles components, meeting walls of working body, change their direction and, meeting other portions of particles of forage components, mix up. From loading to unloading, throughout the installations working body length, flexible and strong waves of forage particles components movement inside the working body are born. The conducted pilot studies have shown that as a result of working bodies’ forms improvement of devices for preparation of forages by methods of descriptive geometry such devices can be implemented in a variety of industries

A number of small-sized machines for division of loose materials on the basis of screw drums created with use of engineering geometry and computer graphics methods, in particular of the engineering geometry section: curves and surfaces. In these machines, unlike the known ones, the effect of the movement of bulks on the curvilinear surfaces of screw reels with imposing of low-frequency fluctuations from the vibrator on this main movement is used. Such addition of two movements does not only increase productivity, but also provides self-cleaning of the sifting surfaces of screw drums. The standard machine’s schemes are presented with use of low-frequency fluctuations on the basis of the screw drums made of several screw punched strips with smooth screw lines on perimeter and also of screw drums of only one of punched strips with various form of cross section of the sifting surface

Results of engineering and scientific search of improvement of resource-saving machine technologies of finishing and cleanup processing of cars details, development of new camps and technologies are presented. The possibility of low-frequency fluctuations with big amplitude can be implemented due to assembling flat or curvilinear elements on external surfaces of the relative screw reel. The use of computer modeling enabled us to obtain a relative screw drum that provides not only giving movement to loading masses with a big fluctuations amplitude, but also compression of loading masses in the process of their motion from loading to unloading. In such machines increase in processing efficiency is reached not only due to achievement of great movement amplitudes values of the loading masses, but also at the cost of compression of loading masses in processing and intensity increase of their mixing. The scheme of the machine for continuous processing with mechanization of separation of details from working environments particles is provided. Results of researches of quality and surfaces micro hardness change processed in the offered machines designs show that details processing time makes 3-6 min

Analytical research results of contact forces of interaction of concentrated forages components’ particles in their movement in relative screw drums are presented. It is shown that contact forces – the most difficult forces by their nature; result from stochastic (probable) collision of bulks particles and in particular of concentrated forages components’ particles. Therefore the main objective of this modeling – to describe the stochastic phenomena of the so-called conditional contacts of particles for which some assumptions are accepted, for example, in forcing of mass of concentrated forages components’ particles by the walls of the rotating relative screw drum in the radial direction there will simultaneously arise contacts caused by geometry of a screw drum, i.e. the property of its walls is pressure transfer in relation to the mass of particles in the direction of the modeled movement. Schemes of engagement of concentrated forages components’ particles contacting in the relative screw drum, the probable schedule of sliding speeds values change in their consecutive contacting, their density distribution are demonstrated

In complex multiparameter technical systems there are numerous and varied physical processes which, on the one hand, have a significant impact on the performance of those systems, and on the other hand, it is extremely difficult amenable to description in the form of meaningful analytical models based on equations, because these models must take into account the specific features of the systems. As a consequence, the development of conceptual analytical models is a "hand-made work" and it is associated with a large number of simplifying assumptions that reduce their versatility and reliability. But there is also another principle of modeling: the construction of phenomenological information models, i.e. models that do not have analytical forms of representation that describes the simulated system superficially as a "black box". Such models can be built directly based on empirical data and with the appropriate software it can be a standard technology much faster and much less time consuming than developing meaningful analytical models. On the other hand, the phenomenological information model can be sufficient to determine the rational design features and parameters of the modes of operation of complex technical systems. Besides, such phenomenological models can be viewed as the first stage in the development of meaningful analytical models. It is proposed to use a new universal innovative method of artificial intelligence for creating phenomenological models of complex technical systems: automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis) and its programmatic Toolkit which is a universal cognitive analytical system called "Eidos". In the system of "Eidos" we have implemented a software interface that provides direct input into the system large amounts of empirical data from an Excel file. The system of "Eidos" can directly (based on empirical (experimental) data) calculate how much information about the results of the technical systems is contained in the facts of possessing certain specific structural elements and certain values of the parameters modes of its work. On this basis, the system provides research-based and appropriate recommendations for the rational choice of design features and parameters of the operation modes of the simulated system

The article presents research results of a corn harvester device for corn cobs separation from the stalks, constructed as a separate picker. Each picker unit consists of three pairs of flat conveying belts arranged in parallel to vertical planes, namely an upper pair of conveying belts, the lower pair of conveying belts and fixed to corn harvester sweep frame, kinematically is not connected to other mechanisms and is provided with electric power with the possibility of adjusting the width of the aisle and the rapid replacement of the failed module with a spare unit in the field repairs. Picker module provides simultaneous rotation of corn ear on its axis and motion relative to the stem that reduces corn cobs defect and energy consumption for separating cob from stalk. The method of calculation of the basic design parameters of the picker module is developed

The article presents results of design development and calculation methodology for corn harvesters stalks shearing mechanism constructed as a module with a storage device. According to the number of engagement rows, these modules are mounted on the sweep frame of corn harvesters. All modules have the ability to accumulate energy, the rotation of saws in which at each time point does not depend on saws rotation in other modules and they are not connected with each other and with other mechanisms. Constructive execution of corn stalks shearing mechanism with accumulation device allows rapid separation of each module from the frame of the corn harvester in order to eliminate possible problems (change of saw or the entire module assembly). The methods of the energy storage calculation and electric motor power selection for each module are presented