Name
Polulyakh Alla Anatolevna
Scholastic degree
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Academic rank
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Honorary rank
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Organization, job position
Institut of Vine and Wine “Magarach”
Web site url
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Articles count: 2
The article describes the history of the institute called "Magarach" and the formation of the world's ampelographic collections in the Crimea and Kuban, provides data on the genetic diversity of the original parent Crimean collection of grape, carries out the impact of its long-term ampelo-breeding and genetic work. We have found the best ampelo-genetic rennets, both in the Crimea (zoned in Russia and abroad varieties of Academician Avidzba, Pervanets Magaracha, Jubilee Magarach, Antei magarachsky, Nimrang ustoichivii, Podarok Magaracha, Riesling Magaracha Novoukrainsky Rannii, Granatovii Magaracha, Krymchanin, Rkatsiteli Magaracha, Spartanets Magaracha, Tavkveri Magaracha, Citronnii Magaracha, promising varieties Livya, Solnetchnaja grozd, etc..) and in the Kuban region. Magarach ampelographic collection was and still is the parent of many national collections of gene pools of, the former Soviet republics, including the Russian Federation as well: Anapa ampelographic collection in the North Caucasus NIISiV has 3356 samples collected from 41 countries, including ones from the institute of "Magarach" (about 40%). Using its base we had a comprehensive biological and economic evaluation of the outstanding genotypes for ampelo-genetic and clonal selection – such as zoned Bogotyanovsky, Helios, Dolgogdannii, Kubattik, Libya K, Arathi, Preobragenie, Rochefort K, Chrizolit, Citrine, Anthracite, promising varieties Annie, Baikonur, Gourmet Kra, Memory Master Nesvet Gift, Jubilee Novocherkasska, etc.
The article highlights the issues of grape plants resistance
to low temperatures; it is an urgent problem for
all wine-growing regions of the world, located in the
zone of risky agriculture. Losses caused by frost, indicate
long-standing necessity of perfection of assortment
in terms of enhancing its hardiness by enriching
more resistant genotypes obtained both through the
introduction or naturalization, as well as from the
crossing of indigenous with interspecies hybrids. Methodology for evaluating frost resistance properties
of the material served as a preparation for the originality
of his research and experimental evaluation of the
unique divisibility properties of the aim. Thus, we initially
conducted hardening of matured cuttings at positive
temperature plus 8 plus 4 ° C for 14 days (I
quenching phase) and a negative temperature minus 5 °
C-minus 7 ° C for 9 days and minus 10 ° C-1 day (II
hardening phase). Then the cuttings we frozen in the
temperature range from minus 16 ° C to the next steps
of consistent freezing (minus 16 ° C - 2 days; minus 18
° C - 2 days; minus 20 ° C - 2 days; minus 22 ° C –
1day, minus 24 ° C - 1 day, minus 26 ° C - 1 day, minus
28 ° C - 1 day and minus 30 ° C - 8 hours). After
freezing of cuttings of each variety, the sample was
placed on the 3 days in the refrigerator at the temperature
of + 2 ° C to their gradual thawing. Cuttings were
grown at room temperature on water. As a result, obtained
by the accounting: the lowest frost-resistance
among the studied forms of parental Crimean origins
was found in grades of Shabash, Soldayya and Solnechnodolinsky;
the varieties of Dzevat kara, Kokur
bely, Kokur cherny, Misket, Misgyuli kara, Sari Pandas
were set as a weak level (-20 °C); Aybatly, Kefesiya,
Kok pandas and Ekim kara have average level up
to -22 °C; the highest frost-resistance - 24 °C – was
shown by Khersonessky and Kapselsky. Also, we have
identified synthetic frost-resistant F1-population and
plus-transgressive selection form