Name
Agafonov Oleg Sergeevich
Scholastic degree
•
Academic rank
—
Honorary rank
—
Organization, job position
Krasnodar Research Institute of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing
Web site url
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Articles count: 5
The article presents a comparative assessment and
peculiarities of nuclear magnetic relaxation
characteristics of rapeseed and sunflower lecithin. It
was established, that lecithin’s nuclear magnetic
relaxation characteristics, namely, protons’ spin-spin
relaxation time and amplitudes of nuclear magnetic
relaxation signals of lecithin components, depend on
content of oil’s fat acids and phospholipids, contained
in the lecithin. Comparative assessment of protons’
spin-spin relaxation time of rapeseed and sunflower
lecithin components showed, that for their
identification protons’ spin-spin relaxation time of the
lecithin’ first component at 40°C and 60°C
temperature, when differences in values of protons’
spin-spin relaxation time of the sunflower and
rapeseed lecithin’ first component are most obvious,
should be used as an analytical parameter.
Comparative assessment of amplitudes of proton’s
NMR signals of sunflower and rapeseed lecithin
components showed, that relations, established earlier
for sunflower lecithin between mass share of
phospholipids (substances insoluble in acetone) and
the sum of amplitudes of proton’s NMR signals of the
third and fourth components, cannot be applied to
rapeseed lecithin; that is for the development of an
express method for determination of mass share of
substances insoluble in acetone (phospholipids) in
rapeseed lecithin, it is necessary to carry out additional
research with the purpose of clarifying the mentioned
relations
The article presents data, on the basis of which we
have concluded that the oil and phospholipids
contained in soy lecithins, the degree of unsaturation
of fatty acids differ significantly from oil and
phospholipids contained in sunflower lecithins, with
differences in the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids
of oil and phospholipids contained in sunflower and
soy lecithins, leads to differences in the content of
resonating protons, and, consequently, the level of
amplitude values of NMR signals of protons of the
investigated lecithins. It is established that the values
of the amplitudes of the NMR signals of protons of
each of the four components of sunflower lecithins
differ from the values of the amplitudes of the NMR
signals of protons the component of soy lecithins,
which confirms the differences in the composition and
content of fatty acids lecithins studied. Considering
quantitative characteristic of mass fraction of
substances insoluble in acetone, i.e. phospholipids, is
the sum of the amplitudes of the NMR signals of
protons of the third (A3) and fourth (A4) component,
was built the graphical dependence of the mass
fraction of substances insoluble in acetone, from the
value of (A3+A4)/ASIS, % which is described by the equation (correlation coefficient R2
=0,9911) of the
following form: y=0,8177x +2.52. Based on these
data, we have developed a rapid method of
determining the mass fraction of substances insoluble
in acetone, soy lecithin, eliminating the use of toxic
organic solvents, is environmentally safe, which is
protected by RF patent for the invention
The article provides an overview of Express-methods
of quality evaluation and identification of lipidcontaining
plant raw materials (oil seeds) and its
processed products (oil cakes, oilseed meals, vegetable
oils, lecithins) using pulse method of nuclear magnetic
resonance. Development of express methods of quality
evaluation and identification of lipid-containing plant
raw materials and products of its processing is a
priority, as these methods are environmentally safe and
also allow us to regulate technological conditions of
refining processes, are characterized by low error of
determination, i.e., high precision, and, in some cases,
it is only possible to use because of its non-destructive
effects on the analyzed sample. Currently, we can
distinguish the following main directions of quality
evaluation and identification of lipid-containing plant
raw materials and products of its processing on the
basis of the pulse method of nuclear magnetic
resonance: assessment of quality and identification of
oilseeds (sunflower, canola, flax, soybeans);
evaluation of quality of products of processing of oil raw materials (cake and meal); the quality evaluation
and identification of vegetable oils; assessment of the
quality of the lecithins obtained from vegetable oils.
The methods of quality evaluation and identification of
lipid-containing plant raw materials and its products
are patented and have several advantages: short time (5
minutes) spent on the implementation of the single
analysis; eliminates the use of toxic chemicals; does
not require special training of laboratory personnel;
non-destructive character, which is especially
important for oilseeds from the point of view of
breeding work. On the basis of the conducted survey
we can conclude that the pulse method of nuclear
magnetic resonance has found wide application for
assessment of quality and identification of lipidcontaining
plant raw materials and products of its
processing, through rapid capabilities, high accuracy
and ease of analysis
In recent decades, Russia has increased the demand for
high oleic sunflower oil and, consequently, for the raw
material from which it is derived – high oleic sunflower
seeds. Currently existing methods of control of mass
fraction of oleic acid in the seed oil of sunflower, have
significant drawbacks, due to which sharply raises the
question of the development of the Express methods of
control of mass fraction of oleic acid. The study presents
the results of determining the mass fraction of oleic acid
in the oil of sunflower seeds, obtained by known
methods (GC and ri), and developed a method based on
NMR. The developed method of determining the mass
fraction of oleic acid in sunflower seed oil has a number
of advantages compared with the known: is not
destructive (does not require the extraction of oil from
seeds), does not require special sample preparation
excludes the use of toxic chemicals, the analysis duration is 5 minutes, ensuring high representativeness of the
sample, and the simplicity and automation of the analysis
process reduces the requirements for qualifications of
laboratory personnel. The developed method of
determining the mass fraction of oleic acid in the oil of
sunflower seeds can be carried out simultaneously with
the determination of oil and moisture content of seeds on
commercially available analyzers, but I hope it 1006М,
which is currently applied at more than 250 companies of
oil and fat industry
To determine the mass fraction of linolenic acid in flax
seed oil the authors developed a rapid method based on
the pulse method of nuclear magnetic resonance with
the use of NMR analyzers low resolution. This method
has some significant advantages compared with the
known method on the basis of chromatographic
method for the determination of the mass fraction of
linolenic acid in the oil extracted from the seeds of
flax, namely, does not require additional sample
preparation (extracting oil by solvent), eliminates the
use of toxic chemicals, requires a much lower
investment of time to conduct a single analysis, highly
automated, and eliminates the influence of human
factor on the research results. The method is based on
the revealed correlation between the weighted average
time spin-spin relaxation of protons contained in the
triacylglycerols of the oil of the flax seed, and a mass
fraction of linolenic acid in the seed oil at a
temperature of 23ºc. In article results of research of
influence of temperature on the weighted average time
spin-spin relaxation of protons contained in the flax
seed oil. Installed directly proportional linear
relationship between the temperature of flax seeds and
measured the average time spin-spin relaxation of
protons oil contained in the flax seeds with the correlation coefficient is 0,930, the temperature change
of the sample of seeds at 1 ° C leads to the change of
the coefficient is 0.011 kt. The developed
methodaccuracy in the temperature range from 20 to
26 ºC