Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Agriculture has a special place in the country’s economy, as it produces food and responds for economic security of the country. The changes in the conditions of continuously transforming Russia's market economy demand from the leaders of agricultural organizations to implement new, innovative ways and approaches to technologies and mechanisms of financial management in the strategy of agriculture. This article dwells on the concept of financial management; it proves the importance of developing new forms and possible methods of financial management; it states the reasons for lack of effective financial management in the agricultural enterprises; it also identifies a number of factors that affect the financial flows within agricultural enterprises; it briefly reviews the current situation in Russian agriculture; it specifies the main areas that should be solved by a system of effective financial management that all in all will formulate the directions and recommendations for improving the financial management of agricultural enterprises of Russia and, accordingly, increase the competitive advantages of the industry. To improve the effectiveness of the financial management of agricultural enterprises of Russia in general, as well as in the investment sphere of their activity is necessary to carry out a number of measures, namely: use of specific methods of financial management in determining the results of financial and economic activity of enterprises of the sector agribusiness; expect possible outcomes when choosing investment object; constitute capital budget for all possible options to financial management; conduct regular economic assessment and ranking of options for cash management businesses, in order to select the most appropriate, beneficial and cost-effective type of financial management for owners and other investors; take into account the effect of financial leverage when considering financial management and investment activities

Export of the food production is undoubtedly one of the most important strategic problems of Russia. The agricultural capacity of our country allows it not only to be fully self-sufficient in terms of food but also turns it into the leading exporter of foodstuffs in the world. The solution of this task requires the effective solution of many problems such as bringing the food industries to a new higher technical and technological level, the creation of the export infrastructure and mechanisms of the financial support to food producers. The fulfilling of the export potential of the domestic agrarian and industrial complex will not only help Russian economy to find the faster way out of the crisis but also will let our country play a major role in the international food trade and, respectively, in the struggle against hunger in the poorest countries of the world. In this article, the essence and the structure of the Russian agricultural export are considered. The three scenarios of the export development (pessimistic, realistic and optimistic) and the conditions of their realization are analyzed. The analysis of the main indicators characterizing the current economic state of the agricultural production export is carried out. Based on the drawn conclusions, we have offered the ways of the solution of the given problem

The article provides a general description of the state regulation of agriculture in developed foreign countries, held a typology of contemporary models of state regulation of the economy of the agricultural sector abroad and Russia are set out economic and adminis-trative methods of management of agriculture, revealed the experience of effective state support for the U.S., Japan and EU countries

This article examines the dynamics of unemployment in EU countries in relation to wages. We have analyzed hourly wage categories, men and women, as well as depending on the age and level of education, including a comparison with the data on Russia. A positive trend tackles unemployment due to growth of the EU economy has been presented

This article discusses the formation of a new development bank of BRICS. We have considered the background of creation of the bank in this economic situation, which are infrastructure problems of some country-member and future founders. We reviewed the creation of the bank, the official start of its work, financial characteristics, pool of currency reserves, pool of foreign exchange reserves, which has the functions and short-terms perspective of bank in international scene. We have reflected the existing difficulties, including a lack of common borders among the participants and the growing influence of China. We processed the opinions of experts about an alternative to the New Development Bank by Western financial institutions, which show the interest of strengthening the political component of the BRICS cooperation and the desire to change the current situation. We have conducted a comparative analysis of the New Development Bank and other international organizations which can serve to BRICS bank competitors such as the ADB, the IMF and the World Bank. Here we talk about the advantages and disadvantages of each organization. In order to form and strengthen the potential of BRICS we have presented several lines of activities. NDB should support projects for economic growth and provide for this purpose the long-term financing available, which will ensure the stability of the infrastructure projects of the Bank

The importance of harmonization of industrial and trade policies at the micro- and macro-systems due primarily to the fact that it is connecting links between the individual elements of the technological pyramid and from their adequacy the level of economic development of the region and the country as a whole depends. Due to the large variety and inhomogeneity of natural and socio-economic conditions between individual parts and the subjects of the Russian Federation, balanced production, economic and trade relations, firstly, provide economic integrity of the country and, secondly, to promote the formation of a positive effect from intersubjective division of labor. Increasing changes in the environment, the appearance of new buyer inquiries, intensified competition, openings in science and technology, presenting new opportunities for business, requires organizations of an effective system of enterprise management, which allows responding flexibly to all market changes. This problem is solved by the implementation of industrial and trade policies of enterprise and by harmonizing production and sales activities. This article discusses the nature and content of the concepts of "industrial policy" and "trade policy", harmonization methods of industrial and trade policy of enterprises and agriculture in general. The article analyzes main indicators characterizing the contemporary economic condition of the agriculture industry. Based on the findings, it suggest ways to solve the problem

Small business is the basis for the development of the national economy, providing 60% of revenues in foreign countries. In Russia, this sector is developing slowly due to lack of funding. In connection with the development of small business, lending is growing in popularity in this sphere. The state develops a variety of programs to support small businesses in the form of public and private lending institutions, venture capital funds, credit unions. However, the volume of lending to small business remains relatively low, due to mistrust of banks and credit organizations in the sphere of small business. Nevertheless, it is here, according to statistics, the debt on loans is only 1.5% of the total. The article describes the features of small business lending, it analyzes the dynamics of the volume of loans granted, and the amount of debt, identifies main obstacles to obtaining loans to entrepreneurs, gives the analysis of credit conditions of small business in Russia and Germany. The problem of credit was considered from two perspectives: from the perspective of credit institutions and the banks themselves. We have developed measures to improve credit conditions, which must take into account not only credit institutions but also the state. It is necessary to provide tax incentives, encouraging the establishment and development of insurance business associations, to support the creation of specialized banks lending to small businesses, the development of cooperation of small and large banks to increase bank lending and reduce credit risks

Nowadays, competitive advantages of oil companies are in many respects determined by globalization of the economic life. For large oil companies, the process of globalization does urgent increase in their competitiveness due to diversification, attraction of financial resources of cost reduction of production due to release of the standardized products and economy at a scale; by using more close business connections with other entities, with banks for creation of entrepreneurial networks, etc. In the article, the major factors which influence competitiveness of the international companies of an oil and gas industry are revealed, their features are provided, and also the analysis of practical Russian company experience of PJSC «LUKOIL» including SWOT – analysis of strong and weak points of the company is provided. Methods of management of competitiveness of the foreign companies "Royal Dutch Shell" and Exxon Mobil, and also their achievements for the last years are analysed. The conclusion is drawn that the modern situation in the market dictates the requirement for increase in innovative activity of the company as the main instrument of ensuring high level of competitiveness and generates need of the solution of a number of new tasks for the organization and managements of innovative activities of the Russian companies on the example of PJSC «LUKOIL»

This article discusses the problems of forming the effective model of innovative development of the Russian industry on the basis of the study-abroad experience. We have analyzed the foundations of the models of industrial-innovative development of the country and the economy of APEC and given the estimation of the dynamics of gross value added price of the industry, by counting the largest countries in the world. The article emphasizes that Russia should develop its own model of innovative development of the industry, using the experience of developed and developing countries

In modern conditions investment attractiveness is one of the most important characteristics of the industry. For each investor, receiving an investment decision, it is important to define, in what industry and in what economic region can be implemented specific investment project with the greatest efficiency, the choice of what areas of investment will have the best prospects and will ensure a high return on invested capital. Attracting investment in the food industry of the Krasnodar region will meet the targets established under the strategic and tactical development, aimed at in-depth processing of food products; improve its quality, which in turn will improve the level of food security of the country. This article presents the analysis of the industrial structure of the Krasnodar region as a whole, the structure of food production, as well as a brief assessment of the export potential of the industry. The article gives an estimation of dynamics of investment flows into various sectors of industry, the structure of investment projects ready for implementation; we have identified potential niche of substitution of imported products; it considers the strategy of socio-economic development of the southern Federal district, within which stands the task of creating national megacluster industrial complex. The results of the analysis identified the drivers of economic growth, stimulating the growth of investment attractiveness of the food industry in the Krasnodar region