Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Effective management of innovation processes is an important prerequisite for economic growth and competitiveness of the country and can be achieved with the active participation of the state in the field of innovation system. The structural elements of the innovation system are the government, business, education and science, which interact on the basis of the legal framework of innovation. Innovative development is the consistent implementation of measures for the implementation of innovative activities by all actors of the innovation system with the involvement of the all major spheres of life and to ensure the effective interaction of all elements of the innovation system. Currently, the priority development of the Russian economy is a shift from raw materials to innovative. The Krasnodar region is among the regions with the most developed innovative potential. The region is actively developing a legislative framework aimed at regulating the innovation processes operate research and development centers, is strongly supported by local authorities. This article has identified the priority sectors for the development of the edge of innovation processes, analysis of the main indicators of innovation activity, defined constraints of innovation, defined terms of investment attractiveness of the Kuban and the development of innovative tools environment

Relevance of the subject presented in article locates that investments – one of the most important factors of realization of strategic and tactical problems of development and effective activity of municipality. Attraction of investments allows to raise socio-economic indexes, to improve quality of life, and also to increase competitiveness of an economic entity. Besides the solution of specific objectives of each investment project, investment provide business expansion, employment of the population and replenishment of the local budget. In article were revealed the factors which forming investment appeal of the Krymsk region of Krasnodar territory, analysed the national program of support of investment projects existing since 2007, given the assessment of dynamics of production of goods and services, presented the rating of city districts and municipal regions of edge on growth rates of the main economic indicators. The approved and realized investment projects and investment platforms of the Krymsk region for 2015 are also considered, three priority projects accepted within the eighth international forum "Sochi-2014" are in details analysed. Priority branches for implementation of investment activity, namely: agriculture, industry, transport and communication which will provide further economic development of the territory, were revealed by results of the analysis

The article covers the basics of reproduction industry based on regional and industry characteristics (for example, the coal industry of the Rostov region). We have also considered the current status of coal mining enterprises and defined their role in the regional economy. We have examined and detailed the three main phases of the concept of long-term program of development of the coal industry till 2030. We have analyzed the first steps of its implementation, which had been not as successful as expected. We have also defined the measures to stabilize the coal industry for the coming year and developed areas of scientific, technical and innovation policy for the further development and promotion of the world market for coal products

At the regional level, clusters are considered as balanced mechanism policy of innovative development of the area, are favorable conditions for the effective cooperation of regional actors and institutions of science, government and business, the development of various forms of public-private partnerships in the area of innovation. The article reveals the problems that currently limit the establishment and development of clusters in Russia. Considered the clusters that already exist in Russia around key industry sectors and selected Russian cities with a high concentration of activities in the field of research and development in certain areas, and clusters, the creation of which is planned in the near future. The classification of these clusters according to the patterns of development, geography, directions and purposes of creation was given. The directions of development of cluster policy enshrined in the concept of long-term innovative development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020 were defined. We focus on the creation and development of cluster structures in the agricultural sector in the Krasnodar region. In this connection, the article reflects the main factors contributing to the creation of a cluster and measures to be taken by the state for its successful functioning

In modern Russia with market economy, formation and development of business is natural and objective process. Small business exists as independent sector of market economy, providing basic requirements of national economy. The broad movement to public recognition of a private property in the modern market relations promotes manifestation of enterprise, riskiness, effectiveness. Small business in Russia, despite already quite long term of formation of the market relations, only gains steam, and its opportunities are inexhaustible. In small business, the huge potential playing an undoubted role in ensuring stability of social and economic development of society is put. The state support of small business is actual in modern reality as small business is most vulnerable and capable to the most dynamic development. The existing measures of the state support are constructed according to the principles specified in the legislation are extensive and many-sided. Nevertheless, there is a number of shortcomings which overcoming is capable to increase efficiency of the state support of subjects of small business. In this article the efficiency of the existing state support of small business is analyzed, the social importance of small business is emphasized, the main tendencies of its development are considered; the main conditions for competitive development of small business are specified

The crediting activity of commercial banks is a precondition for successful competition of these institutions which leads to the increase in production of credited organizations, employment growth and solvency improvement of the participants of economic relations. Not only the improvement of the crediting technology is considered but also the development and the introduction of new methods of reducing crediting risks are observed. The realization of the small business potential in solving economic and social problems is absolutely impossible without its adequate financial and crediting support. In contemporary Russia the problem of financial support of small business development is particularly urgent. The need for crediting and development of small business in Russia is discussed in this article. The analysis of the main indicators characterizing the current state of crediting of small and medium-sized businesses is made, the SWOT-credit rating is given and the rating of banks providing loans to small business is shown. The main indicators of small and medium-sized business were considered, the analysis of the dynamics of the volume of loans provided to small business was made and the size of loan portfolios was discussed. The main reasons why banks refuse to lend to small business are ranked. On the basis of findings, the ways of solving the problem, in particular the reduction of the tax burden on small business, fixing the prices for the conclusion of contracts and the development of credit bureaus, are suggested.

This article substantiates the importance of the development of the Far Eastern Federal District for economic growth and security of the country in terms of changes in the macroeconomic environment, as well as discloses the potential of this Russian Federation subject (huge reserves of natural resources, rich industrial base, trapping, reindeer herding, fishing, neighborhood with the Asia-Pacific region) and specifies the problems hindering its development (harsh climate, distance from the center of Russia, poor transport links, low population density). We have also presented a complex of government measures implemented to enhance the investment activity in the macro-region, including The essence of the federal target program, which determines the Far Eastern strategy of public policy, given the indicators and targets of its effectiveness. We presented and analyzed the actual data on the main indicators characterizing the volume, structure and orientation of foreign investment in the economy of the Far Eastern Federal District, designated by reason of their inefficiency and propose measures needed to create a competitive economy subject (to improve the economic and social integration of the population of the eastern regions of Russia with the rest of it; to invest in the restoration and creation of manufacturing industry enterprises; to reduce energy, transport, telecommunication tariffs; to develop mutually beneficial public-private partnership)

At present, garment companies of the light industry of the Russian Federation are suffering from the lack the outstripping development in many respects because the material and technical base is obsolete. The level of deterioration of machines and equipment is considerably high, which does not contribute to increasing production, full satisfaction of the domestic demand of the population, expansion of export potential and implementation of the policy of import substitution. An effective mechanism of technological renewal is urgently needed, which will allow enterprises of this field of activity to modernize fixed assets, update production technologies, win new markets and increase competitive advantages. The purpose of this article is to provide an objective assessment of the current state of Russian garment enterprises and to develop priority measures for the development of the industry. The article identifies the current problems that prevent light industry enterprises from maintaining high competitiveness. The data on volumes of sales of garments in Russia are analyzed. The appraisal of the Russian textile market is provided, due to domestic production and the volume of textile imports. The dynamics of changes in the indices of domestic production of textile and clothing products is considered. The results of the research made it possible to formulate strategic directions for protecting the domestic sewing market, which helped to identify possible ways of increasing competitive advantages and increasing the efficiency of production and operation of Russian garment enterprises

Instability of economic processes and exacerbation of political tensions regarding Russia require measures in foreign trade policy, which are able to increase the economic security of Russia. The import substitution policy is considered one of the main directions nowadays. There have been considered two directions of the state policy for displacement or substitution of imported goods in the domestic market. There has been also reported the structure of the country's merchandise imports during the period from 2013 until 2015, resulting in a detected negative dynamics of imports, which indicates a successful beginning of the importsubstitution policy. Gradation of the main economic activities according to dependence on imports has allowed identifying the most import-dependent activities and the most available ways to form the import substitution. Threshold amount of economic security of the country has been considered to characterize the external economic security of Russia and some other countries of the world. There has been identified the necessity of state aid, which is reflected in the program of support for transport engineering industry for 2016, subsidies from the federal budget to participants of industrial clusters, the elimination of discriminatory relationships between credit financial institutions and industrial enterprises, the provision of state guarantees for loans to strategic enterprises and organizations of the country

Implementation of investment projects is one of priority tasks for the entities as efficiency of their business depends on it. In agricultural industry the special attention in the present is required by rabbit breeding as it is the most perspective direction of development of livestock production because of rather high level of economic return. In article the factors determining prospects of this direction are considered. The comparative characteristic of different types of meat on the main indicators determining business performance is provided. Following the results of calculations the greatest indicator of profitability is determined by meat of rabbits. Follows from the provided data that in Russia positive dynamics of development of rabbit breeding is noted, at the same time the existing production volumes don't satisfy the need of the population for complete amount. The directions of specialization of rabbit breeding and their characteristic features are determined. The main factors constraining rabbit breeding development are considered. One of the possible directions of their decision can consider the developed investment project of a construction of a farm of rabbits. Calculations of efficiency the farms of rabbits of different scale are made. The indicators reflecting results of their implementation for the entities are analyzed. Possible risks of the investment project are estimated and the most acceptable methods and acceptances of decrease in their degree in this situation are offered