Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The article reviews the results of the studies of the influence of treatment of Saperavi vines with lignohumate of "A" grade on the quality of grape must and wine in Anapо-Taman zone of the Krasnodar region

Introduced grape varieties such as Ancelotti, Bachka, Johanniter, Morava and Solaris which were grown in the conditions of Taman provided production of high yields of grapes with standard conditions of sweetness and acidity of grape juice that were useful for the technical processing of not only tableware, but also for special wines, in particular, dessert. Organoleptic properties of all the studied wine materials from grapes of these varieties were of high quality, which was con-firmed by their tasting evaluation. They are recom-mended for the preparation of organic (bio) wines. The "Biologik" wine in 2012 received a certificate of the high points at the international exhibition in Italy (Rome), and the wine from red grape variety Ancelotti for several years, winning awards from international wine competitions ("Yalta. Gold Griffon", "Gold au-tumn")

In the article there were presented the results of the researches of the influence of different norms of consumption of the Nutrivant Plus water-soluble phosphorus-potassium fertilizer used for non-root additional fertilizing of Shardone grape shrubs, on accumulation of sugars in berry juice, crop productivity and quality of grape, growth processes of shrubs, quality of wine materials. The most effect is obtained at the norm of the preparation in 2 and 3kgha

In the article there were presented the results of the researches on study of influence of different forms of the Stimokor stimulator of growth (Stimikor, Stimokor sweet and Stimokor Plus) as in a pure type as in a tank mixture with Nutrivant Plus water-soluble phosphorus-potassium fertilizer on agrobiological and technological indexes of Shardone grape. The most effect was obtained at the treatment of shrubs with Stimokor Sweet

This article presents the possibilities of using organic fertilizers, which allow you to recharge grape raw material with biologically active substances and improve the nutritional value of wine production. The influence of organic fertilizers on activation of process for detoxification of soil toxic compounds has been measured, ensuring food safety of raw materials for the production of grape wine products by reducing of hazardous chemicals. The use of biotechnology preserves and also enhances the uniqueness and diversity of the chemical composition of the grape raw material. We have established that after the four-year application of biotechnology the content of toxic compounds in grape raw material was reduced by 7%, and the concentration of biologically active substances increased in 1,5-2% times in comparison with the production of commercial plantations

The wide variety of microorganisms has been identified in many wine-making countries on the berries of grapes. These are yeasts of different families, forms and kinds, bacterium, mold fungi. In the article, we present the results of investigating species composition of microflora of berries of white and red types of grape, which grows in different economies of the Krasnodar region and the republic of Abkhaziya. The sowings onto the elective media were conducted for the development of entire spectrum of yeast. The grown colonies after preliminary microscoping were separated into the cultures and subjected to testing according to the culturalmorphological signs, being guided by determinants and benefits. It was established the specific variety of microflora on the surface of the berries of grapes of all investigated types, without dependence on the place of their growth. Obtained data showed that the group of yeast, which constantly is present in the complex of the epiphytic microorganisms of grapes of Saccharomyces, Pichia, Hansenula, Hanseniaspora was characteristic for all types of grapes in all investigated regions. The heterogeneity of the taxonometric composition of microflora is shown. Prevailed yeasts were of family Saccharomycetaceae, form Saccharomyces vini. A quantity of yeast of Saccharomyces vini decreases in a number of Myskhako-Caucasus-Fanagoriya, that as a whole will be coordinated with the climatic conditions. Only the type of Pinot nuar grapes had yeasts of Brettanomyces Dekkera. On the berries of Cabernets and Karaburnu we have discovered yeasts of Schisosaccharomyces acidodevoratus, causing acid-reduction. On the berries of the grapes, which grew in joint stock company APF “Fanagoriya” we haven’t revealed the presence of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus brevis and yeasts of the form of Schisosaccharomyces acidodevoratus. In the same farm the smallest quantity of yeastswreckers is noted, which we the forms of Pichia and Candida. In the microflora of Cabernets, Risling and, especially, Karaburnu grapes, we have found lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis. Lactobacillus plantarum. Among the bacteria the total quantity of coccic flora composes - 56 %, the rod-shaped - 44 %. Two types of active acetous bacteria are identified – Acetobacter aceti and Acetobacter xelinum. Especially high was their surface concentration on the berries of Kachich type of grapes

There was given the review of the results of the study in the conditions of the Anapa-Taman zone of the Krasnodar region of the influence of the treatment of vines of Saperavi of lignohumates of the grade "В" (“LG-B Bio”, “LG-B Best Bio”, “LG- Best L”) on the quality of must and wine materials. The technology of the grape cultivation on the experimental plot corresponded to the adopted technology which is used in the JSC "Pobeda" of Temryuk District and was widely accepted for the keeping of fruit-bearing plantations of the zone of uncovered viticulture. Agrobiological works were carried out at the optimum terms and were of high quality. Vines of the third- year of life, embodied by the scheme in 3,0 x 1,5 m. The forming is a one-sided Guyot with a height of the trunk in 60 cm. On bushes there was formed the same load shoots and clusters. There were carried out the treatments of grape leaf surfaces by the solutions of lignohumates twice: the 1st – before the flowering and the 2 nd in the beginning of the formation of berries (in 20 days after the first one). The spraying was carried out in the early morning hours. The accounting of the grape harvest and the sampling for the determination of the quality of must and wine materials (10 kg per each type) was conducted in September 20, 2012. The technological and physical-chemical analyses were carried out in the shop of mini winemaking and in the accredited testing laboratory of the grape processing of the scientific center of the winemaking SCSRIHGG of the RAAS. The preparations "LG-B Bio", "LG-B Super Bio" and "LG-B Best A" as grape growth regulators have the equal and stable effect

The article reviews the results of the study of the influence of lignohumates of the grade "A" («LG- АМ», «LG-А super BIO», «LG-А super L») on the grape vines treatment of the Saperavi variety on the quality must and wine in the Anapо- Taman zone of the Krasnodar region. The technology of the cultivation of grapes on the experimental plot corresponded to the adopted in the JSC "Victory" of Temryuk District, and was accepted for keeping of fruit-bearing plantations area of non-covered viticulture. Agrobiological works were carried out at the optimum time and were of high quality type. Vines of the third year of life, embodied by the scheme in 3,0 x 1,5 m. The forming was a one-sided Guyot with a height of 60 cm in trunk. There was formed the same load by shoots and clusters on the shoots. The treatment of leaf surface bushes with the solutions of lignohumates were conducted twice: 1st - before flowering and 2 nd at the beginning of the formation of berries (20 days after the first one). The spraying was carried out in the early morning hours. The accounting for the grape harvest and sampling to determine the quality of must and wine (10 kg each variant) was conducted in September 20, 2012. Technological and physical-chemical analyzes were carried out in the shop micro winemaking and accredited testing laboratory of grape processing of the SSI NCZSRIHV of RAAS. Preparations "LG-B Bio", "LG-B Super Bio" and "LG-B Super A" as grape plant growth regulators have equal and stable effect

The study was performed to genotype some commercial wine yeast strains using the assay of Interdelta genomic sequences. Experimental parameters of PCR to identify were optimized and optimal simplified method of DNA extraction from dried preparations of yeast cultures was define. Proven method showed a high level of resolution and can be used for the analysis of genetic diversity wine yeast in combination with SSR-markers

Hereby we present the results of the research devoted to study of influence of growth modulator called melaphen on the technical brand of gapes such as Sovinion White and its agro-biological characteristics. The research was conducted in 2014-2015 using fruitful grape Sovinion White of 2004 planting as a subject in agro farm “Yuzhnaya” of Temruk in the Krasnodar Region. Melaphen is a type of melamine salt of bioximethilphosphin acid. It evokes complex influence on the energetic complex of vegetation cell in all three stages of vegetation. The chemical was applied mechanically by a tractor sprinkling. The square of tested patch is 2 hectares. Melaphen usage was 6,7 ml to 1 hectare . Norm of liquid applied was 700 liters to 1 hectare. Three times the chemical was applied during vegetation: before blossoming, grape growth phase (grapes the size of a pea) and before the grapes ripen. As a result it was estimated that three times chemical application of melaphen to Sovinion White in dose 1. 10-9 in period after blossoming of grapes and before the grapes ripen led to more saturated accumulation of sugar in juice of the grapes and also to faster ripening and harvesting, larger mass of grape bunch amount of harvesting from a bush. Besides, in the tested option growing processes are accelerated and pigmentation agents are accumulated faster in the leaves and embryo infestation in winter sleeping core is boosted at larger scale. Better harvest quality leads to better wine materials quality. Application of melaphen provides higher economical efficiency