The аrticle is devoted to study of adsorption of enzymes, antioxidants contained in horseradish root on starch to create enterosorbent with anti-oxidant properties. For this goal we have studied adsorption isotherm calculated constants, thermodynamic parameters (change of enthalpy, entropy, and isobaric-isothermal potential); sorption kinetics of enzyme-antioxidants on starch and calculate the main characteristics. The method of producing of enterosorbent - antioxidant on based starches has been developed based on the experimental data. The ready sorbent is a white powder having no taste and smell. In biological fluids and water, it is insoluble. The enterosorbent on starch does not dissolve in water and biological fluids. It is the solid component. This enterosorbent can be used to protect the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals against a wide variety of oxidants and peroxide. The results of this work will form the basis for the study of the antioxidant properties of the resulting enterosorbent. The results showed that during the tests, the enterosorbent on the starch showed good antioxidant properties. It has high antioxidant activity with respect to hydrogen peroxide
Macrodeficiency of polymeric materials, including the
pervasive one, is a consequence of the development of
initial microdefects which appear in polymers both
due to external factors and during their processing.
This article solves the task of identification the
interrelation and interdependence of structural
microdefects of various polymeric materials,
consisting in the estimation of the structural
parameters under uniaxial deformation. It is
experimentally shown that the process of changing
microdefects in the material bulk begins to flow more
intensely during deformation of the material, having
anisotropic structures in the bulk. Change of the
parameters of microdefects is not observed compared
to the starting material at small quantities of the
deformation. In the area of deformation corresponding
to the transition of the material from isotropic to
anisotropic state parameters of microdefects do not
depend on the degree of deformation of the sample,
and abrupt changes of the parameters of microdefects
are observed after completing the formation of
anisotropic patterns. It is shown experimentally the
identity of the parameters of microdefects in the bulk
material (rubber-based natural caoutchouc) during
deformation with the quantities of local deformations
at the edge of the artificially created macrodefects.
Under uniaxial deformation more than 280-300% and
the growth of the quantities of local deformations
come out at the edge of the artificially created
macrodefects and normalized linear dimension k and
decrease the total number n of microdefects
Theoretically and experimentally, we investigated the
process of adjusting the pH of natural water of
hydrocarbonate class electrodialyzer with bipolar
membranes with channel length of 40 cm. We
experimentally measured concentration of
components, pH of the solutions in alkaline and acid
channels of electrodeposition depending on the current
density. The article describes a mathematical model
for long channels; to scale the mass transfer
characteristics of the process there was applied and
verified a method of compartmentalization, which
gave the possibility to calculate the dependence of the
component along the channel length at different
velocities of flow of the solution. Numerical
calculations were compared with experimental data on
electrodialyser of 10 cm and 40 cm length
The article illustrates the results of the research dedicated to finding a method of combining two polymeric materials - ion-exchange membranes having different chemical nature. It shows a method of applying a homogenous film MF 4SK on the surface of the heterogeneous membrane substrate to produce a chemically and mechanically stable asymmetric bipolar membrane. We have selected membrane substrate ensuring the best electrochemical performance
The article presents the experimental results of the
study of the concentration dependence of the electrical
conductivity of heterogeneous ion-exchange
membranes that are in contact with solutions of weak
electrolytes - carboxylic acids. It is shown that in this
case the membrane conductivity is higher than the
conductivity of the solution, wherein the conductivity
of cation exchange membranes substantially greater
(by an order of magnitude) than the conductivity of
anion exchange membranes. This fact must be
considered when designing the actual electrodialysis
processes of processing solutions containing organic
ions. The work identified the need to develop modern
ideas about transport and the structural organization of
ion-exchange materials, to describe the structure of the
ion-exchange membranes that are in contact with weak
electrolytes solutions
The present work describes the chemical synthesis of
poly-N,N-diallyl pyrrolidinium bromide and polyN,N-diallyl
morpholinium bromide - high-molecular
compounds containing quaternary nitrogen atoms,
which included in two five- and/or six-membered
heterocyclic rings. These polymers are perspective
modifiers for industrially produced anion-exchange
membranes, the use of which should significantly
improve the resistance to degradation of the
membranes at over-limiting current regimes. The
structure of obtained polymers was characterized by
FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The optimal
reaction conditions, which increase the yield of desired
products, were defined. It is shown that is preferable to
use 1-butanol as a solvent and benzoyl peroxide as an
initiator
To develop the novel herbicide antidotes for the
sunflower vegetative plants, the group of chemical
compounds, belonging to the derivatives of
isoxalopyrazolopyridines was synthesized and their
antidote activity both in the laboratory and field
experiments was studied. The compounds with a high
antidote effect were found
The article studies adsorption of ascorbic acid on
KSMG silicagel. The experimental results, the basic
thermodynamic characteristics of ascorbic acid adsorption
on oxide silicon have been used for treatment of
adsorption mechanism of ascorbic acid on silica
KSMG. Results of the study ascorbic acid adsorption
on silica gel KSMG may be used for further identification
of it in the various objects
Macrodeficiency of polymeric materials, including the
pervasive one, is a consequence of the development of
initial microdefects which appear in polymers both
due to external factors and during their processing. In
the article, the problem of the detection of structural
microdeficiency of various polymeric materials
through an assessment of their structural parameters is
solved. The considered materials possess
approximately identical degree of crystallinity (60 –
66%), but different density. The express assessment
technique of polymeric materials microdeficiency by
the sorption method with the use of the academician
M. M. Dubinin’s theory of volumetric micropore
filling is developed and evaluated. On the basis of a
quantitative assessment of sorption processes in
polymeric materials, including elastomeric
compositions – rubbers and rubberized fabrics, the
existence of the initial local microdefects arising in
the course of synthesis is established. In real
polymeric materials, including elastomeric
compositions – rubbers and rubberized fabrics, the
existence of the initial local microdefects arising in
the course of synthesis is established (the number of
microdefects n varies from 1x1017 sm-3 to 6x1019 sm-3
,
and the rated linear size k – from 2 nm to 7 nm). The
general reduction of microdeficiency in rubberized
fabrics in comparison with initial rubber is revealed
and rationalized
Since the industrial revolution a huge amount of pollutants
emitted annually into the water most of which is
occupied by toxic metals. These metals widely distributed
in the environment and of accumulation of a
threat to human health. It is known, that cadmium and
zinc at high concentrations have a negative impact on
nature. In modern wastewater treatment technology we
widely use polymeric sorbents with chelating properties.
The use of polymeric chelating sorbents (PCS)
usage allows separating individual or group trace elements
from large volumes of solutions of complex
composition, lowering the limit of detection, eliminating
or reducing significantly the impact of macrocomponents
which increases the cleaning efficiency.
The article presents the results of a study of conditions
of interaction of zinc (II) ions and cadmium (II) with
PCT - polystyrene-azo-o-phenol-azo-rhodanine. We
found the optimal values of the conditions for zinc (II)
ions and cadmium (II) sorption. We investigated the
effect of interfering of the macro- and micro- water
components with the sorption of the ions studied.
Maximum desorption of metal ions is achieved by
washing the concentrate with 10 ml of 2M hydrochloric
acid. The data indicate availability of the investigated
sorbent for concentration and separation of zinc
(II) ions and cadmium (II)