During the times of the Soviet Union, it was believed
that the collective farm peasants were a class of the
soviet society that formatted its social basis together
with the working class and the people’s intellectuals.
There was also an opinion that the collective farm
peasants took an active part in construction of the
communism and in ever more intensive development
of productive forces in the agricultural sector.
Evolution of the peasants was interpreted as follows:
in course of preparation and actual realization of the
social revolution along with subsequent reforms, the
poorest peasants acting as ally of the proletariat
became stronger in their revolutionary mood and
gradually mastered certain elements of the proletarian
ideology. Revolutionary enthusiasm and mood of the
poorest peasants changed the consciousness of most
working peasants for the benefit of collectivization.
The latter created in its turn an objective basis of all
peasants’ transformation to a quite new social class
and formation of its socialist psychology. At the same
time, the peasants were always under suspicion, which
related to their petty-bourgeois nature. It should be
mentioned that there was not any voluntary move of
peasants from individualistic sentiments to
collectivism. The transition to industrial methods in
agriculture and to integration of peasants to collective
farms was not caused by some abstract class feeling of
the peasants but by the economic necessity and
expedience for the country. Therefore, we can observe
a substitution of sense platforms regarding this matter,
which is ascertained and reasoned in this publication
This article investigates two types of self-actualization and the search for meaning in terms of the totality of existence. The conditions and forms of rebellion and submission are also listed
The article considers the main point of liberal ideology, its spontaneous connection with ideas of Enlightenment, reasons of victory of liberalism over ideological competitors. The factors, which water down the integrity of liberalism in present conditions of the Enlightenment, are analyzed, the main trends of modern modification of liberalism (libertarianism, agonal liberalism, Kantian liberalism) are considered. There were determined the possible perspectives of liberalism as a world-view in limits of which there were stated the strong positions of liberalism as a practical rootedness as well as the high popularity of ideas of Enlightenment in scientific communities
The article is devoted to the study of dynamics of development of power mechanisms in the modern world. Globalization and modern means of communication changed the power structure and its methods. Power is hidden under the imaginary freedom. Totalitarian trends are hidden under the freedom of choice. However, new types of relations are developing, beyond the boundaries of hierarchical relationships
Education plays a central role in shaping personality. Moreover, the particular importance are the values and ideals, which are formed through a process of education and training. Today the moral component of the education system is one of the priority tasks of the state
The article gives a philosophical understanding of a problem of the interaction between man and nature at different stages of social development and in different types of civilization. Purpose of the article - to deter-mine the influence of the mentality, religion, civiliza-tion and traditions of the content and types of envi-ronmental consciousness
The results of studying of winter wheat fertilization in dark chestnut soil in 2008-2011 have been analyzed. Productivity of a winter wheat raised on 37,6-40,5 % under influence of both terms combination of fertilizers application that exceeded the sum of effects from each of them separately. Differences in winter wheat productivity depending on the structure of three-component complex fertilizers were not essential
There was always a duality: the power – elite. In the
Russian Empire it was the nobility. The service was
not simply and not so much the policy tool, it
reorganized also sluzhily estate that in turn made
impact on the state institutes. The ruling class was
consolidated that allowed to reach compromises with
the government which realized many requirements of
the nobility connected with service and rewarding for
it managed to reconstruct significantly service not to
the detriment of its intensity. On the other hand the
power not always looked for compromise options. And
the elite answered it with the same. Further these
relations were transformed and developed already on
other social substratum, and other economic
component. Considering history of development and
functioning in historical space of elite of the Russian
Empire, and then and the USSR, it should be noted the
similar regularities arising at their movement in time.
First of all it is the instability of elite generating their
split, and then and split of society that leads to
different revolutionary shocks. Economic regulation of
activity of elite at the time of the Empire not only
didn't yield long-term positive results, but, on the
contrary, were a step to devaluation of elite of that
time, and further – to destructive revolutions. Thus, the
conducted research allows to present more accurately
need in all ways to try to avoid repetition of similar
situations in the future
This article reviews interpretative position of
prominent German philosopher and psychologist Erich
Fromm on mass men destructiveness analysis. As a
rule, to reach a goal of well-balanced embedding into
consumer society structure, mass man passes through
stages of deindividualization and common averaging
by accepting prescribed general postulates of society’s
authorities. Nevertheless, own personality refusal and
‘rules of the game’ following adduct to moral
degradation, which causes destructiveness
phenomenon. Out of socio-political regimen,
destructiveness appears in attempts of ‘freedom
escape’ by any possible means. Totalitarian regimen
ideologically steers mass men through total subjection
to defined life track by agreement of individuality
sacrifice. Democratically-minded consumer societies
require deindividualization and partly rights pinching
in exchange of status consumption system integration.
Any patterns of counteraction to these system
processes are commenced by personal activity
manifestation and motivation in reaching own goals.
However, conformist majority is meant to live
according to ideologically defined society rules
The article is devoted to the study of contemporary models of evolution based on new scientific discoveries. Integrative and systems approaches in the study of evolution that take into account deficiencies of “modern evolutionary synthesis” are systemized. Work also considers the directions and interdisciplinary perspectives of development of the “new evolutional synthesis”