Scientific Journal of KubSAU

On the basis of studying of collection of sorghum, the samples with important signs and properties for use in selection are marked out. Sterility fixers are defined as a result of studying of the samples on CMS, and sterile lines with the high combined ability are created

The article discusses the influence of conventional technology and the technology of direct seeding at different doses of mineral fertilizers on the growth, development, productivity and economic efficiency of winter wheat cultivation on the leached black soil of the Central Caucasus. It is established that the cultivation of winter wheat without tillage its vegetative mass, leaf area and the efficiency of the assimilation apparatus is significantly less than for sowing the traditional tillage technology recommended by scientific institutions in the region. It is caused by excessive seal of leached black soil, which was used in the study. Such a density of addition of black soils adversely affects the growth, development and yield of crops. As a result, the yield of winter wheat on the technology of direct seeding without fertilizers was 2.46 t / ha, which was significantly lower than for conventional technology, which received 3.21 t / ha. Adding fertilizers increased crop yield for both technologies, but it was significantly higher on the traditional technology. Despite the decline in production costs for the cultivation of winter wheat without tillage, higher profits and profitability were obtained using traditional technology