Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The article presents results of studying total content of titanium in both not fertilized and systematically fertilized black leached soil. Science-based system of fertilizer crop rotation allows solving problems of sufficient balance of nutrients in the system of "soilplant-fertilizer", increasing the quantity and improving the quality of the crop. At the same time, their application is active influence on the natural environment. In the soil, there is an input of a large set of chemical elements come along with fertilizers. In addition, due to their physiological pH or alkalinity, fertilizers are capable to affect the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The use of mineral fertilizers in scientifically based doses on the fields of crop rotation for 33 years virtually has no impact on the content of titanium in leached Chernozem. In the arable layer its number increased only by 2.1 %, and in subsurface - it is the same as in the crop without fertilizer. Enrichment of topsoil with titanium is due to desilication of rocks during weathering. Due to the low solubility of titanium minerals, they remain in the place longer, and therefore, the content of the element in the soil increases. As you know, fertilizers applied to the fields of crop rotation, increase the intensity of the biological cycle of substances and thereby enhance the process of destruction of the parent rocks

The article presents the effect of boron fertilizer on growth, development and productivity of rice plants, the optimal dose and timing of application of boron fertilizers, providing maximum increase grain yield, calculated the economic loss of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and crop coefficients of their use of fertilizer plants; we have also established the influence boron fertilizer on grain quality of rice

The results of study of groups and forms of iron compounds in leached chernozemic soils of Western Ciscaucasia for three crop rotations according to scheme grain-grass-hoeing are presented. With long-term use of leached black soil in terms of Agrigento there is a substantial change in the contents of the various groups and iron compounds. On the non-fertilized variant of rotation, the total content of this element in the 0-20 cm 21-40 cm soil layer by 69.4 and 66.5% of silicate and by 30.6% and 33.5% free group of compounds of iron. The applied system of fertilizer crop rotation helps reduce the silicate and increase of free group its compounds. In leached black soil a group of desilicated iron in the 0-20 cm layer 24.8 % presents crystallizability and to 75.2% amorphous compounds, 21-40 cm layer, respectively, 26.2 and 73,8 %. Under the influence of fertilizers we have noticed increasing of amorphous and reducing the number of cristallizing forms of the compounds of this element the soil. The number of different groups and forms of iron compounds in leached black soil with systematic use of fertilizers in crop rotation is determined not by the size of introducing this element as impurities, and processes such as the alienation of iron with additional derived products, increase its mobility in the soil due to a shift in the reaction of the soil solution, changes in fractional-group composition of humus. Diagnostic criteria state of iron in the soil are leached quantitative ratio of the content of the various groups and forms of the compounds of this element

In the article we show the history of opening of selenium, its distribution in the nature, the value of this microcell in life of plants. We also show the experience of russian and foreign scientists on studying of the influence of selenic fertilizers on a crop and quality of crops