Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The main direction of reducing the cost of soil treatment based on resource-saving technologies is the transition to surface treatment of soil with disk tools. Double-row and four-row disc tools are manufactured. Four-row tools significantly increase tillage intensity. In the disk tools, the spherical disc is fixed on the individual pole. Disc headers are equipped with a rigid adjustment fixing the standalone pole to the frame. Recommended operating speed is up to 12 km/h. The advantage of a disc header over the disc harrow is as follows: winding plant residues on the axis are excluded. Disc mulchers are equipped with a spiral bar on which a spherical disk is mounted. The presence of the elastic element allows the working unit to do lowfrequency oscillations during movement. The result of processing is the formation of mulch in the layer of soil, which is a mixture of plant residues and soil particles with a diameter of up to 25 mm. To assess the effectiveness of the disc mulcher and the disc header a unit is composed. The initial data for calculation are as follows: tractor HTZ-150K, the resistivity of the soil is 6 kN/m, disk tool working width is 4 m, operating speed of the disc header is 12 km/h, operating speed of the disc mulcher is 15 km/h. Technical and economic performance of these units is defined during disking the soil. The choice of energy-saving operating regime was made in a well-known manner. Theoretical value of slippage of the leading tractor with disk mulcher was 6%, against 9% with the disc header. Working speed of the mulcher made up 14.07 km/h against 10,89 of the disc header. The performance of the unit with the mulcher made up 16.21 hectares, disc harrow performance is 12,54 ha. Fuel mass flow of mulcher decreased by 29% and made 9.68 kg/ha. Using mulcher for surface treatment of the soil allows to reduce the tillage energy costs thanks to resource-conserving technologies