Scientific Journal of KubSAU

Plant growing successes influence the effectiveness not only the branch in itself, but the other branches of agriculture, economics of agricultural enterprises in whole as well. In article the method of calculation of sufficient balance soil is considered.

One of the priority directions of development of the Russian economy, in terms of import substitution and maintenance of food security of the state is agriculture. Agricultural production is a complex, high-risk business that requires the most careful calculation and planning. The achievement of the objectives to improve production efficiency and reduce risks in the agricultural sector can contribute to the use of the design of controls, instruments, components of complex project management. Project management is an opportunity not only to use the existing internal resources of the enterprise, but also actively to attract additional investment. In connection with this topic is the use of project management elements or transition the agricultural sector enterprises from the classical management to project management is quite important. Partly to reduce the risks associated with the implementation of agricultural projects, and in some cases completely eliminate them, you can with the help of new information technologies in project management of agricultural production. This can greatly affect the quality and efficiency of management processes. More and more computer equipment and automation introduced in crop management processes to perform field work at the optimum time and progressively reduce costs and improve profitability. For example, the system "GEO-AGRO” helps organize all coming from various sources, information and process it to make decisions. Using the project approach more actively in the agricultural sector in conjunction with information technology is possible, first of all, with the state support of the agricultural sector projects. In addition, it is advisable to form the design thinking of farm managers. Implementation of these proposals will help to attract more investment and boost profitability for agricultural production

Production and processing of grains have formed a number of cereals-governmental sectors in the national economic system of the country, such as grain production, grain elevator industry, flour, cereals and mixed fodder production, which constitute the grain complex country. The significance and the role of the grain as a commodity in the state economy can not be overestimated. This product is totally liquid; it has a constant, steady demand at any time of the year, in any region. Ongoing measures to increase grain production and improve its implementation did not have a complex character, therefore, insignificant effect on the efficiency of the industry and the competitiveness of grain production. The shortage was covered by imports. According to the characteristics of management in agriculture, it should be especially emphasized that the lack of objective and timely information at all stages of crop production, and, as a consequence, the adoption of suboptimal management decisions, leads to the fact that labor and material resources increase substantially, the enterprise receives less profit , and sometimes incurs losses.When selecting cultivation technology for agricultural crops, an agronomist has a database of more than a hundred times-personal of alternative technologies for each crop. It is up to the decision-maker (DMP) to find specific criteria to select the most suitable (for the owners and the climatic zone) technology of cultivating for the culture. These circumstances explain the relevance of in-depth research of economic and mathematical models and methods of analysis and evaluation of the economic efficiency of technologies of cultivation agricultural crops. The article deals with the task of developing and implementing a specialized software package for the task of managing technological processes in crop production with the goal of improving the quality, efficiency and validity of management decisions

Grain is of strategic importance and is the basis for food security. The gross national product share of grain and its products is about 10-15%. It always stands out from other types of raw materials, as it is used to produce the most popular daily foods. According to the characteristics of management in agriculture, it should be emphasized that the absence of objective and timely information at all stages of production of the plant-breeding, and as a result, non-optimal choice of technology of cultivation of agricultural crops, might result in the fact that the cost of labor and material resources increases significantly, the company does not receive profits, and sometimes suffers losses. When selecting cultivation technology for agricultural crops, an agronomist has a database of more than a hundred times-personal of alternative technologies for each crop. It is up to the decision-maker (DMP) to find specific criteria to select the most suitable (for the owners and the climatic zone) technology of cultivating for the culture. These circumstances explain the relevance of in-depth research of economic and mathematical models and methods of analysis and evaluation of the economic efficiency of technologies of cultivation agricultural crops. The article deals with the process of adaptation and the possibility of using the model and the method of binary matrices to solve the problem of the choice for cropping technology

The problems of automated control of the technological processes of crop production and the tasks of supporting the adoption of managerial decisions at each stage of the production cycle have become even more urgent in view of the processes of transformation, globalization and digitalization of the economy, which have recently become widespread. The agricultural sector of the economy of the Russian Federation is no exception, because agricultural products, especially crop production, are of strategic importance and are the basis of food security in our country. In this scientific project, the problems of agricultural enterprises of the Krasnodar region, in particular, in the field of management processes, its information and software, were investigated. At this stage, it was determined that the measures taken to increase labor productivity at the agricultural enterprises of the Krasnodar region and the automation of technological processes in crop production were not complex, therefore, they had a slight effect on the efficiency of the industry. Studying the IT services and software market made it possible to draw a well-founded conclusion that decision-making support processes in crop management, especially issues related to the justified choice of crop cultivation technology, rationalization of a crop rotation system, analysis of a history book of crop rotation fields, calculation of dosages of organic fertilizers for a deficit-free balance of humus, are not covered by the funds of software systems offered on the market. As a result, the demand for industrial analytical systems and, in particular, integrated automation systems for managing crop production processes for agricultural enterprises is forming in the software market. Therefore, the development and implementation of a computer decision support system for managing crop production processes, based on mathematical models for analyzing and evaluating the economic efficiency of crop cultivation technologies, crop rotation rationalization models, data analysis models for crop rotation field history books, models of optimal selection of crop protection products plants and fertilizers has become very relevant. These studies can be considered priority and highly demanded, as they are directly related to one of the fundamental directions of the modern development of agricultural production - the study of the problems of development and implementation of an integrated automated information system for crop management. The article is devoted to the theoretical justification and feasibility of the practical implementation of the software module for accounting and analysis of data from the e-book of the history of crop rotation fields, which is part of the developed automated crop management information system