Development of infrastructure of Sochi as mountain resort has demanded increase in transport means of communication and development of territories, difficult for construction. Construction works cover territories of the Kudepsta and Adler districts and also Krasnaya Polyana. The main problems at design near Greater Sochi are landslides and landslide processes and also high seismicity of territories. Besides, the increased technogenic loadings on many sites have led exogenous processes to activization. At unforeseen activization of landslide processes it is required to develop actions for strengthening of the existing constructions or construction of new protective designs in the shortest possible time. However, there are problems of modeling of a landslide situation. On the example of construction retaining at the portal constructions of a railway tunnel near Sochi modeling of landslide processes on the basis of natural observations (monitoring) is considered and also actions for stabilization of slope processes are described
The article analyzes the ways of ensuring a stable quality and use of biopreparations patented in Russia and abroad. The most famous biopreparations developed by Russian scientists. The analysis of literature sources and patent information has show that the development of methods for storing plant raw materials with using biological protection means is actual. Research in the field of the use of biopreparations for the processing of agricultural products is of high practical importance, since they allow a significant reduction in losses during storage. The application of biological protection treatment technologies is the most effective, environmentally safe and economical way of preparing for storage of plant raw materials
To ensure the safety of food production of frozen dessert with the addition of sesame flour, the system of critical control points for risk analysis (HACCP) was applied to the manufacturing process. Biological, chemical and physical hazards that could exist at every stage of frozen dessert production have been identified. Critical control points have been identified that include pasteurization and milling. The introduction of the HACCP system in food production can effectively ensure the safety and quality of food products, expand the market and improve the level of management of producers
At present, much attention is paid to the production of domestic vegetable products. One of the main reserves of increasing the yield of vegetables is the production of products in sheltered ground. The intensive construction of new glasshouses and greenhouses complexes has sharply increased the demand for engineering facilities, with the help of which an artificial microclimate is created in the structures of the protected soil. To create high irradiations, a very significant specific installed power of photosynthetic radiation sources is required. Currently, advanced greenhouse plants use LED irradiation. The experience of these farms showed that LED irradiators have a number of significant advantages over discharge lamps: a significantly lower specific power of the irradiator; the service life of LEDs is several times higher; they do not contain toxic substances (mercury); LEDs are powered from a low voltage network, which is significant from a safety standpoint. Isolation of greenhouse plants from the effects of natural factors of the environment leads to undesirable consequences. The deficit of the amount of natural energy of optical radiation penetrating the structures of protected ground in modern industrial greenhouses during off-season is eliminated by additional artificial radiation from greenhouse lamps. In this case, the emission spectrum of lamps differs significantly from the natural one. This is especially true for ultraviolet radiation. The issue of creating an LED lamp for its application in structures of protected ground is considered. The main requirements for the creation of a photosynthetic lamp on the spectral composition of radiation are given. The necessity of a long-wave ultraviolet component in the emission spectrum of a lamp is substantiated
The technology of cultivation of most crops provides pre - and post-emergence weeding of crops, and their feeding with the availability of soil nutrients. According to the used underlying technology, these operations are performed separately. The harrowing of crops after germination is necessary for weed control, the destruction of the soil crust for access of air to the root system and partial thinning of dense crops. Further destruction of weeds on crops are herbicides, high-quality entry which provide sprays. The latter can provide small and ultra-low volume spraying in high performance and environmental requirements. However, separate execution of technological operations for fertilizing and harrowing reduces the quality of work, increases the cost of production. The proposed combination of technological operations on a harrowing of crops different crops simultaneously with feeding plants solid mineral fertilizers. The combination of technological operations for one pass of machine-tractor unit in the field provides a reduction of the fleet, its capital intensity, the energy, cash costs, and hence competitiveness of products. The studies proposed new technical support processes, technological scheme of the multifunctional unit to combine the operations of feeding and harrowing of crops
The article presents the calculation of combustion of
liquid fuel, which is determined by the air
consumption for combustion of fuel, then the number
and the composition of combustion products – flue gas
resulting from burning fuel and the flue-gas
temperature
In the dairy industry, the segment of yoghurts and
yoghurt drinks is one of the most dynamically
developing. Competition contributes to the production
of high quality products. The transition to market
relations encourages producers to use new prescription
ingredients in the production of various yoghurts. In
addition, it is essential to improve the existing ones
and create qualitatively new technologies of products
with a directed change in the chemical composition.
Sour-milk drinks not only satisfy the physiological
needs of the body, but also have a preventive and
therapeutic purpose. Utilization of these products
contributes to the prevention of numerous diseases, as
well as life prolongation and increase of working
capacity. The dietary properties of sour-milk drinks are
determined by the presence of “live” beneficial
microflora and persist for a long time, as long as this
microflora remains viable and pure. The article
contains data distinguishing the effects of the use of
commercial fermentation starters EKOKOM Laktina,
TM GoodFood, Kaprina on the qualitative
characteristics of dairy clots. The article specifies the
influence of fermentation starters and vegetable fillers
on the organoleptic parameters of the final sour-milk
product. The authors of the article further present data describing the organoleptic and physicochemical
quality profile of yoghurt enriched with vegetable
fillers, obtained by introducing commercial
fermentation starters of various manufacturing
companies
The article describes the influence of initial porosity,
grain boundaries and ways of getting carbide steel for
wear resistance of carbide steel. The generalization of
structure influence for wear resistance of carbide steel
is presented
Ensuring food safety for a long time has a global
character. The results of world scientific studies
confirm the negative effect of trans-isomers of
unsaturated fatty acids on the human body,
convincingly proving that their consumption increases
the risk of various diseases, including cardiovascular
diseases. Taking care of public health, many European
countries at the legislative level strictly regulate the
content of trans-isomers of unsaturated fatty acids,
obliging manufacturers to also issue information on the
quantitative content of TIUFA on packaging. Such
measures can reduce morbidity and mortality, but
require the introduction of progressive technological
processes. The work analyzes numerous literature
sources and generalizes the material on existing types
of technological modifications of fats -
transesterification and fractionation, which allow
obtaining specialized fats without trans-isomers or with
a low content of trans-isomers of fatty acids
This article considers the structure of the regional transport system of the forest complex, in which each mode of transport is characterized by a certain structure, technology of functioning and means. To describe the relationship between the parameters that determine the activity of a particular mode of transport, the production function method is used. Analytical dependence expressing the formal relationship between the parameters of various modes of transport is presented, the objective function of the organizational structure of the regional transport system management is presented, reflecting the efficiency of the entire transport system as a whole. The formulation of the problem is considered from the standpoint of game theory, in which there are four players with disparate interests: the organizational structure of the regional transport system and the three transport subsystems, each of the participants has its own control vector that belongs to the given set. We consider the case of full awareness, in which the hierarchical structure and all the objective functions of the system are known to the participants. The resulting statement of the problem is modeled by the game of four persons with conflicting interests. The game is viewed from the perspective of transport subsystems. To describe the relationship between the parameters that determine the activity of a particular mode of transport, the production function method is used. An algorithm for solving the problem is given