Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The article presents the research results on parameters optimization of technological line for loading tobacco leaves into containers. The aim of the research was decreasing labor expenses on preparing tobacco for artificial curing. This was achieved by line modernization utilized for loading tobacco leaves into containers. We have also developed working parts of technological line for automatic loading of tobacco leaves into containers. Researches on weight studying of tobacco leaves of 3 sorts zoned in the Krasnodar region have been carried out. Dispersion analysis has not revealed weight differences between sorts, therefore, further researches can be carried for one sort. Optimization of working part for loading tobacco leaves into containers was carried by analysis of regression equation obtained by bifactorial experiment. Irregularity of leaf position was taken as optimization criterion. It has been discovered that optimal regimes: transporter belt speed v=2,8m/s, number of transporter’s double movements n=19 min-1 can be used for uniform container loading by leaves. Researches on studying line capacity on leaves position irregularity revealed that maximal uniformity obtained when line capacity is 260 kg/h

The use of resource-saving technologies for cultivation of basic crops does not make sense without the use of microelement fertilizers, biologics and growth regulators. All this fully applies to the technology of cultivation of the main bean culture – pea. In the current market conditions of agrochemical products, microfertilizers are presented in a wide range. Identifying the most effective of them at a price and yield increase is a defining task for agricultural producers. In this connection, the purpose of the research was to study the influence of biologics and growth regulators on the development and productivity of peas with the definition of their most effective them. The studies were conducted in 2014-2016 on the fields of the training and demonstration center on the introduction of resource-saving technologies of the IPCC APK VO "DGAU" in Zernograd, Rostov Region. As the studied drugs there were used Rizotorfin, Extrasol, Vigor Fort, Miwal Agro, Flavobacterin, Biogumat Kubansky, KU-8 Agrofon. As a result of the research, it was established that all the preparations studied showed a positive effect on the development of pea plants grade Angela. The yield gain was 0,34-0,56 t/ha in comparison with the control. The most effective are the following ones: Extrasol with a yield increase of 0,56 t / ha (14,6%) and a profitability level of 232%, Mival Agro – 0,54 t/ha (14,1%) and a profitability level of 192%, Biohumat Kuban – 0,55 t/ha (14,3%) and the level of profitability of 271%. A good level of profitability was noted at KU-8 Agrofon – 224%

The creation of machines and tools of new generation, which represent high-efficiency, highperformance and take less energy and metal is a global challenge for the modern science. In this article, based on numerous studies, it is proposed to use the effect of oscillatory motion in the working body of tillage, improving the design of tillage machines that aims to reduce metal consumption, energy intensity and improve quality of work. A new tillage working body, running in a horizontal plane and having special tabs (blades) allowing it to make a reciprocating rotational motion has been presented. The application of this working body provides agronomic, environmental, energetic and economic efficiency by trimming the layer of the soil and root system of weeds, crumbling soil layer during its interaction with the working surfaces of the blades. Due to the reciprocating rotational motion, the cleaning of the working body is observed. The constructive and technological scheme of the working body and the scheme of forces acting on the proposed working body at the moment of penetration and the rotation of the working body at a certain angle are offered. The conditions for the reciprocating rotational motion of the working body are obtained as well as differential equations allowing considering the process of movement of the working body. The article also reveals expressions for the elementary forces acting on the surface of the blade from the moving layer of soil

Tillage plays an important role in the production of cereal and grains. The issues of improving the methods applied for soil treatment aimed at improving its quality significantly influencing crop yield have been considered. Reducing of all types of costs: energy, labor, money was also taken into consideration. In this article, based on numerous studies we have proposed to use the effect of oscillatory motion in the working body of tillage, improving the design of tillage machines, reducing the metal consumption of the machine, the intensity of the process while increasing quality of work. The article reveals issues related to embedding of the new tillage of the working body running in a horizontal plane and having special tabs (blade), allowing it to make a reciprocating rotational motion. This working body provides the undercutting of a soil layer and root system of weeds, the crumbling of the soil layer and its interaction with the working surfaces of the blades. The conditions of the sliding soil layer on the surface of the working body and reducing the pressure of the reservoir to the working body are proposed. It decreases the compression of the reservoir and the tractive resistance. We have substantiated the conditions for reciprocating rotational motion of the proposed disk of the working body in the working plane close to the horizontal, when interacting with a layer of the soil

The results of tribological researches on influence of friction on contact interaction of tobacco leaves with working bodies of the machines for their harvesting and further green leaf processing are presented. Coefficients of static and sliding friction are measured

The article presents the results of bio-energetic and economic evaluation of alternative technologies for cultivation of winter wheat, developed in long-term stationary experiments at Kuban State Agrarian University. We study the effect of four factors on the productivity of winter wheat, quality of soil, fertilizers system, systems of soil tillage and systems of protection. We have processed the data for 7 technologies in two rotations of 11 fields grain-grass crop rotation in the Central part of the Krasnodar region on leached black soil of plains of the agricultural landscape. We have established, in the first crop rotation, on the example of varieties of Batyka and Krasnodarskaya 99, that there were changes in costs of production, net profit and the cost of 1 centner of grain, depending on the technology, and the comparative evaluation of bioenergy impact of alternative technologies of winter wheat cultivation to consumption energy costs total energy. We have calculated ratio net of efficiency depending on the technology of cultivation of winter wheat. On the basis of economic and bioenergetic calculations for farms with different level of economy we have proposed an alternative technology: for economically strong, economically average, economically weak farms and for farms located in protected areas where is prohibited the use of chemicals. Thus, producers have a choice of alternative technologies of winter wheat, which will contribute to maximizing profits and obtaining competitive products

The article deals with the question of experimental studies determining the degree of traction resistance of reversible ploughs, when processing a combined plow. We have determined the optimal geometric dimensions of the developed additional working bodies experimentally

The article deals with the question of economic efficiency of moldboard tillage using the developed combined ploughshare plow as a result of experimental studies, determining the degree of traction resistance of the reversible plow tillage combined with reversible plow. We have also found main economic indicators of the manufacturing operation and calculation of efficiency of investments for the implementation of the combined plow

The article deals with the question of tillage with a turnover of reservoir devices for its implementation. We have also identified problems that exist in this process step. The ways of their solutions and their implementation have been proposed as well

In the article, the question of the value and location of disk tillage tools in the system of machines and the most common crop rotation tillage technologies has been reviewed. We have also identified the problems of disk tillage tools using and the ways to solve them