Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The main direction of the development of crops in the current year and the next year, according to the authors, still remains the further development of the production. The producers of rice should work to find new efficient rice varieties, to diversify the range of finished products, to realize the possibilities of import-substitution. These data show a rather dynamic development of the grain production in the Krasnodar region, indicate sufficient potential development opportunities of scientific and technological progress, new technologies and systems of machines for the production of grain. An important component of the Russian grain market in the last decade is the factor of grain export. The weakening of the ruble has made foreign trade in grain a very profitable business and in this sector there are new investors who began selling the products abroad, which caused a sharp increase in domestic prices, therefore, from 1 July 2015 new restrictive export duties on grain were introduced. The measure was introduced to increase the attractiveness of the wheat supply to the domestic market and for price controls. A significant growth of exports of wheat flour and wheat-rye (an increase in supply volume in 6 times and in monetary terms in 9.9 times) should be noted as a positive factor for the diversification and growth in the number of technological conversions of the raw materials. Grains today are exported to over 50 countries; we are in the top 5 of largest grain exporters. The analysis of imports of grain shows that the structure of food import in 2014 was 1,22%, and it was mainly seed corn. Much of this imported position was implemented in other regions of our country

The article deals with the place of transport logistics in the system of specialization of the region, territorial labor division and the grain business export potential. It examines the competitive advantages in relation to territorial and environmental factors, production, business, and grain market, the role of these factors in raising the economic efficiency of grain business, taking into account rapidly changing conditions in domestic and global markets. It gives details of the competitive advantages of the port transit segment of the Krasnodar region on the grain major sea carriers example. Effective use of the strong sides of land and sea components of the grain transit will help to further successful integration of the region grain business into the global economics system, it will increase the regional grain production competitiveness. The grain transit schemes improving process should be built taking into account optimization of the delivery channels, excluding parasitic mediators, motivate all participants on the final result according to the criterion of profit which is received not due to the increase in tariff rates, but by providing diverse services, enhancing productivity, introducing of specialization and specific transport costs reducing. It is also proposed to reduce transport costs during the grain transit to domestic and foreign markets due to the capabilities of specialized logistical centers, to organize transport corridors for the grain delivery on their base

The article deals with topical questions of economy industry production of rice grain. The need for improving the business efficiency of rice today is dictated by political and economic sanctions, the needs of our society in full substitution of this important product. State stimulation of rice development today is carried out through a complex of economic and administrative activities. The economic measures of the state include: price control on rice price and processing products, support of agricultural producers’ incomes, leasing involving the state, marketing of products, and infrastructure development of the grain market. The system of public administrative measures also includes standardization and certification of grain products, control quality of grain and products of its processing, the quarantine protection, licensing activities organizations, and mandatory statistical account of the rice market. These measures are intended to ensure equal conditions of competition between local and imported rice, to spur investment and expansion of domestic production, increase profitability of rice, allowing the rice enterprises to carry out expensive irrigation systems repairs and capital inputs in lot lend. The article suggests that rice branch industry remains competitive and with abolition of import customs barriers within frameworks WTO. It is necessary to invest more heavily in infrastructure with the aim of improving business efficiency of rice

It is noted that the grain commodity market is the basis of the Russian agro-industrial complex. Earlier the state support was about $4 billion, in 2016 it is expected to reach 237 billion rubles (less than $3 billion). Russia's accession to the WTO brought its farmers more minuses than pluses, less regulation opportunities, protection of the market. The urgency of improving the development methodology, development of practical recommendations for the decision of efficiency enhancing of the grain market, increased due to the globalization of socio-economic processes in the world. Over the last 5 years in the Krasnodar region state support of agro-industrial complex amounted to 32 billion rubles ($0.4 billion), or 1 664 rub/ha ($20/ha) in 2014. Today, once again the growth of prices for supply of industrial resources has overcome the growth of prices for production of agriculture products that seriously has limited the development of the agro industry. The authors consider that the success of the grain industry depends on combination of the following factors: 1) modern equipment and technology; 2) qualified professionals; 3) state financial support; 4) reasonable credit resources. Now nobody needs production at any cost, it necessary to lower the cost of grain, to get the maximum profit and invest it in modernization of the enterprise. To increase productivity, to produce more at a less cost. For producers of grain it's time to invest in the development of their own livestock, or they will be late for this growing market. This vector of development will improve the stability of the grain business and the accompanying livestock, will reduce the seasonal dependence of financial flows, reduce unit costs, increase profitability, competitiveness, expand business, create new jobs, increase the number of its buyers

It is noted that the grain market has a key influence on food supply in our country. Today, in the conditions of import substitution, many animal products continue to be received from abroad in large volumes, among which grain is a feeding base, although those products can be produced domestically with high profits. In recent years, our country has become a large grain exporter and had been set among the four world's largest grain sellers at the world market. Now, the main problem of the grain business has become not manufacturing but the effective management and marketing of grain sale on domestic and foreign markets. Under the "grain market", the authors understand an integrated mechanism covering the entire process of production - processing - logistics - marketing of grain products, ensuring access to the consumer. The authors note that today there should not be rigid boundaries in the management segments of the grain market, as all sectors of the market are technologically linked through a set of integrated activities. Also they are bringing up their model of functioning management of the grain market, which clearly demonstrates the basic blocks of the investigated production systems, their connections and relationships. The practical implementation of such cooperation promises to participants of the grain market to get a certain synergistic effect due to the systemic functioning of technological, logistics, marketing and other business relationships between all parties; as well as adjustments to price ratios and more sophisticated economic instruments for investment in that business