The article deals with the historical aspect of the formation of microbial-plant relationships. We study the details of the way the separate form components of the system "Microorganisms-plant" in the course of evolution. The research is based on the historical analysis of the interactions between microorganisms and plants. As a result of interactions a microbial-plant complex is formed. The article describes some types of interactions between microorganisms and plants. In general, various forms of symbiosis are components of a single evolutionary continuum
We investigated the basic soil types (brown, brown wood) of foothill zone of Dagestan. We revealed that the distribution of nickel, chromium and lead in the soils depends on several factors: soil-forming rock, physical clay, humus and pH. We defined the background content of heavy metals in the studied soils of the region
The technology for the identification of Picea abies L. clones by using ISSR markers was developed. 9 ISSR primers ((GA)9T; (AC)8C; (CA)6RY; (CA)6RG; (CA)6(GT); (CA)6(AC); (AG)8T; (GA)8С и (AG)8YT) were recommended to use for genotypes detection. The selected primers have shown the high level of polymorphism. A total of 172 amplified fragments were found by the selected primers and 149 (86.6%) of them were polymorphic
The article considers the peculiarities of turf and sod, specificity of formation of kidneys for regeneration, types of shoots, vegetative mobility and specificity of growth in certain conditions, turf grasses are divided into loosely-and tightly-turf characterized, by specific features of environmental, biological characteristics; forming turf from generative rosettes, elongated and shortened vegetative, side ground shoots, differing specificity of morphological, biochemical and fitocoenotical features
Simulation models are designed to reflect the cause-effect relationships between epizootic situation tensity for bovine leucosis and technogenic & radiation factors of environmental pollution. Zoning of Chelyabinsk region in terms of epizootic risk of bovine leucosis was carried out
The steppe rivers of Kuban, which form their landscapes in the space between the basins of the rivers Don and Kuban, are divided into two subtypes: the rivers of internal flow which flow into the small ponds (Panura, Kirpili et al.), and the rivers of external flow which flow into the Sea of Azov (Eja, Beysug, Chelbas); direction of flow of these rivers is defined slightly downward from the high right bank of the Kuban (up to 50m) and the eastern slopes (altitude up to 50-170m) of Stavropol Upland; shores of rivers are heavily deforested, subjected to strong anthropogenic pressure and water systems contaminated of organic substances. Plowing of catchment areas to foreshore and plowing dry beams, as well as cutting of forests caused huge harm of river systems. The qualitative composition of microorganisms is not very varied. Polluted rivers and bottom sediments are dominated by saprotrophic microorganisms, spore-bearing and other rod-shaped bacteria. In the samples of sludge we marked high titer thiobacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Complex of actinomycetes was investigated. The species composition of vascular plants includes 135 species from 48 families, most numerous asteraceae, cereals and legumes. The dominant plant of many floodplains steppe rivers is common reed, which contributes to the process of silting soil particles from the fields and the destruction of the sod with overgrazing. Among phytocenoses there is a domination of reed grass-forb deposits on moist soils, mesophilic couch grass-forb and grass-forb xerophytic. In soil biota of floodplains it is dominated by oligochaetes, bottom fauna molluscs and oligochaetes, water - rotifers and cladocerans
Large agricultural load on the steppe landscapes
leads to the transformation of ecosystems and effect
on all their components. Transformation of lands into
laylands leads to a gradual restoration of
anthropogenically disturbed steppe ecosystems.
Studies that focus on the research of comprehensive
processes in the territory of laylands are extremely
relevant today. Herpetobiont fauna is one of the
important characteristics of ecology and biology of
soils. Herpetobiont Coleoptera can serve as
indicators in the study of processes occurring in
postagrogenic soils.The article presents the results of
the study of changes in mesofauna, composition and
structure of complexes of the gerpetobiont
Coleoptera of ordinary black soils in natural
succession series of different-age laylands. We also
evaluated the degree of faunistic similarity of plots
of laylands and allocated dominant species.
Carabidae and Tenebrionidae are the basis of
complex Coleoptera in the investigated laylands. The
article shows that such indicators as the number of
individuals, species, families of beetles and their
dynamic density are depended on the age of the
layland. In addition, the indices of biodiversity
(Margalef and Shannon) and dominance (Simpson)
are also connected with the age of plots of laylands
The article shows the result of the research of algaflora in reservoirs of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan; it is characterized by high species diversity of algae, it is represented by 135 species, varieties and forms of the two departments. Algoflora basis were 71 species of blue-green and 64 green algae. Among the blue-green algae most personable family is Oscillatoriaceae Kirchn, Microcystidaceae Elenkin and Merismopediaceae Elenk. We have identified the three highest in this kind of algae flora : Oscillatoria Vaucher Ex Gomont, Microcystis Kütz, Merismopedia Meyen. Also, we have identified the three largest in the flora of the Green Algae: Cosmarium Corda. We have found 35 species of Desmidiales, belonging to 8 genera. Ecological and geographical analysis of the flora of algae ponds in the Nakhchivan AR showed the prevalence of plankton, cosmopolitan, mezogalobnyh indifferentnıx, oligogalobnyh, and alkaliphilic
In the article, new data of the influence of salts of zinc in doses of 40 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg on haemopoetic cells of a red marrow of a bird at ultra structural level are presented
Distribution peculiarities of planted Pine and Fir species (I and II age classes) in different sites of Mari high plains in accordance with their relative density and share of participation of target tree-species are described in this article. Based on the obtained
data, some actions for enhancement of ecological and
resource potential of the species are elaborated