During the whole history of the Russian Imperial
Army the unchanging principles of its education were
moral and physical power, development of the mind
and volition. On these principles the Russian Army
grew. The formation of the theory and practice of
education in the Russian army was directly connected
with names of famous military leaders because good
training troops led to a successful execution of combat
missions. So, for example, the name of A. V. Suvorov
and his «The Science of Victory», the work which the
Field Marshal presented his original system of views
on ways to combat, training and educating soldiers are
well known. But at the same time, many other military
leaders have contributed to this hard work for the
benefit of the Russian army. In this article we focus
on coverage of the military pedagogic views and
activity of the military historian, writer, lieutenant
general V. A. Potto. The article details the pedagogical
approaches V. A. Potto’s to moral education of the
future officers and the opinion of general to
educational process at the military school, which
focuses mainly on the training of the Cossacks
In the article, based on factual material, we reveal the
policy of tsarist Russia in Chechnya at the turn of the
1840-1850-ies. The article points out that in 1836,
Chechnya was not included in the national liberation
movement of highlanders of the North-Eastern
Caucasus. In early 1840, Shamil was elected the
Imam of Chechnya and the Imam of Dagestan and
Chechnya. The same year there was a General revolt
in Chechnya. Since that time, the center of the
national liberation movement in the North-East
Caucasus was moving to Chechnya. The article noted
that for the conquest of the Chechen population by
the king's command despite military means there
were made engineering, economic and ideological
measures. In the end, these measures and the
teachings of Kunta-Haji, which began to spread in
the same period of time, influenced the political
situation in Chechnya and the minds of the Chechens.
And all this, taken together, led to the fact that since
the early 50-ies of the 19th century some groups of
the society of Chechnya began to show a tendency
towards reconciliation with Russia. In the studied
time there was a change of tactics of the king's army
in Chechnya. The Royal army was moving from
trench warfare to the method of the marginalization
of Chechens further and further into the mountains,
through the construction of forest rides, and
consolidated in the captured territory a system of
military forts and Cossack villages. In 1850 the
Royal army began to implement a plan of invasion of
Chechnya which was Dagestan barns. This
undermined the economic base of the Imamate
heavily. Since the beginning of the 1850-ies and up
until 1859, the center of gravity of the Caucasian war
was transferred to Chechnya. There would be major
events that would create the fate of the Imamate.
Thus, the article characterizes the economic and
propaganda policy of tsarism and its importance in
the conquest of Chechnya; we have also highlighted
the military actions against the mountaineers,
explored the tactics and the strategy of the king's
army in Chechnya
The reasons for the development of Protestantism in
the South of Russia in the late XIX - early XX
centuries are discussed in this article. Standpattism is
spreading among the population of southern Russia.
The ranks of the Protestants were replenished with the
social strata associated with the development of
capitalist relations in town and village. The emergence
and development of Protestantism is an important
feature of capitalization and Europeanization of
Russia. By the beginning of XX century the Baptists
are widely distributed throughout the South of Russia.
In the late XIX - early XX century the process of
converting from Orthodoxy to Protestantism of
Cossacks was observed in the South of Russia. The
article also researches Russian Protestantism – the old
belief. In 1883 it became possible the old believers'
worship. Russian Protestantism gained almost full
rights
The article investigates the activities of public-political
organizations of the Donetsk region, defended the idea
of federalization of Ukraine and integration with
Russia. A review was done for similar organizations
operating in the region since the early 1990-ies to
2014. Based on the research activities of these
organizations, the authors come to the conclusion
about the regularity of the split of Ukraine in 2014,
however, they believe that the separation of Donbass
was not only due to the activities of separatist
organizations, but first and foremost, because of the
policy of the Ukrainian government
The authors analyze the results of the lessons and
consequences of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945
in the context of modernity, as well as falsification
attempts to distort, defame and otherwise detract the
role of the USSR in the victory over Nazi Germany.
They argue that the knowledge of the truth about the
Great Patriotic War gives us the opportunity not only
proud of the feat of their fathers and grandfathers, our
homeland, but also strengthen the belief in the great
future of modern Russia. They say that for a long time in
Western historiography, and, unfortunately, in the
domestic, and plant abstracts, not only contrary to the
truth, archival materials and documents, but also the
common logic. In particular, the article in question of
who is to blame for fueling the war - the Soviet Union
and Germany, Stalin or Hitler? The authors argue that,
despite some external similarities in politics and
ideology of the two historical actors of Stalin and Hitler,
the two totalitarian regimes, it is really only superficial
similarities. The authors show that it is the ideology and
politics of fascism and Nazism became the primary
cause of the outbreak of Hitler started World War II, and
then the attack on the Soviet Union. The article stated a
direct continuity between past and present Nazi fascism,
emerging after the coup in the Ukraine with the direct
support of the West. The article analyzes and that
assistance provided by the Soviet Union and its allies in
the anti-Hitler Germany - United States and Britain.
Without belittling their contribution to winning, the
authors, however, have proved a decisive role of our
country in it
In the context of the problem situation caused by the
territorial limitation of the modern paradigm of
Russian history, the author actualizes the model of a
holistic, in territorial aspect, a nationwide history of
Russia, covering an exceptionally all regions of the
country. In conditions of complex territorial structure
of Russian society, the unity of its history has unique
singularity due to variety of regional contexts of
historical development. Therefore, it is impossible to
understand the uniqueness of civilizational singularity
of Russia fully without learning regional features and
territorial components. Based in it, it is concluded, that
the concept of nationwide Russian history for high
school must have more complete, maybe even total
territorial coverage of historical events and processes
and must point on either great achievements or
negative, dramatic errors, ignoring of which contraries
to the task of creation a tolerant patriotism. In this
way, the author considers the concept of nationwide
history can be a catalyst of modern national idea,
which may be one of the factors the cohesion of
society of strengthening territorial unity and integrity
of Russia
The authors have devoted some of its controversial aspects,
which have been going on for decades in the scientific
community, namely, the time-frame of the Civil War, its
causes and about the time of its beginning. In addition to
these issues, the article is considered the relationship
between the socialist parties and their participation in the
civil war, the role of foreign intervention in the case of
incitement to war and, finally, the reasons of the defeat of
the White movement. The authors did not set out to
elaborate on all four stages of the civil war, and focused on
the examination of its first phase, covering the period from
the end of May to November 1918. The main object of
consideration the question arose about the beginning of the
Civil War. The authors dwell on the various points of view
expressed in this historical science, argues with those of
them who, in their opinion, do not withstand scientific
scrutiny. They speculate about details of alternative
embodiments of the historical process, try to consider the
option that could have been avoided civil war, if there was a
coalition of socialist parties and come to the conclusion that
such a coalition was impossible and it looks ephemeral. The
authors dwell on the consideration of the role that is played
in the raging civil fratricidal war, foreign intervention. They
rightly point out that it is military intervention exacerbated
and intensified civil war, has extended its time frame, the
number of dead and wounded, even more glowing civil and
class hatred
The authors in the article reveal the highlights of the
history associated with the prehistory of the Great
Patriotic War of 1941 - 1945, its tragical beginning in
the first few months and its further course, up to the
Great Victory in May of 1945. They dwell on the
analysis of the causes of the Second World War and the
Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people against Hitler
Germany. The authors, in spite of liars and forgers,
show who is to blame for their unleashing and clearly
indicate that the Second World War was unleashed by
Hitler, through and in fact with the blessing of Western
powers and especially Britain and France, carried out
the policy of "appeasement" the aggressor, and ended
the Munich Agreement of 1938. The authors pay special
attention to the Treaty of Non-Aggression between
Germany and the USSR, signed on August 23, 1939,
known as the Molotov - Ribbentrop Pact. They argue
that this was a necessary step on the part of the Soviet
Union and that this agreement, Stalin was trying to gain
time and delay the beginning of the war against Nazi
Germany. The authors show that Stalin and the Soviet
leadership were perfectly aware of the fact that on 1
September 1939, Hitler attacked Poland and then it
would be the USSR. Considering the progress, results
and lessons of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, the
authors elaborate and criticize the information
widespread in Western historiography, as well as, first
and foremost, in terms of the Soviet-Russian, lies,
slander and all kinds of insinuations about the Great
Patriotic war
The article attempted to characterize the contribution of the first Directors of the Chechen-
Ingush state pedagogical/teaching
Institute - F. E. Bykova and A. P. Efleeva in the formation of higher pedagogical school in Checheno-Ingushetia in 1938-1951
The article is devoted to the military and
administrative activities in the Caucasus in 1838–1842
y. one of the Royal Governors-Evgeny Aleksandrovich
Golovin. The author concludes that as a Russian
Patriot and aiming initially to make the Caucasus the
Russian spirit and legal institutions, Golovin began
gradually local features, and at the end of his
Administration Region tried to combine central
traditions with peripheral. His transformations were
appraised only after Evgeniy Aleksandrovich had left
Transcaucasia. For instance, in Tiflis they started
building more European-style constructions on
wastelands, erected causeways, pavements and pools
with clean mountain water. With its extraordinary
combination of the East and the West Tiflis turned into
one of the most interesting and largest cities of Russia.
As a truly Russian nobleman, General Golovin liked
living luxuriously, openly and hospitably. The best
representatives of the local society were welcomed in
his house in a warm-hearted and friendly manner,
which caused an unconscious sensation of gratitude
and left a favourable impression. Preliminary analysis
of activity of E.A. Golovin in Transcaucasia gives no
grounds for assessments which are extremely negative
or idealise the Chief Executive. Yet E.A. Golovin
managed to be remembered as a reformer and
facilitator of Transcaucasia whose numerous initiatives
were developed by his successors: M. S. Vorontsov,
A. I. Baryatinskiy, Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolaevich
and others