Based on the archival sources, the article reviews the activities of the Nobility Deputy Assembly in the Northern Caucasus in 1905 – 1917. The author examines the role of noble organizations in solving the class issues in Russia in the early XXth century. She notes a marked increase in the activity of the Stavropol noble Assembly caused by the events of the revolution of 1905 – 1907 yy. In this case the author draws attention to the fact that during this period, autocracy strictly limited the power of the nobility Assembly, and in addition noble organization was strictly forbidden to discuss political issues. It is noted that local nobles were quite passive in social and political activity and they were not involved in the work created at the time of the joint noble societies, although some regional representatives of the nobility (in particular K. I. Bielecki) participated in the activities of the First nobility Congress in 1906 y. Charitable activity of the Noble Assembly during the First World War was also investigated in the he article. The noble mutual benefit was created to assist the families of killed and wounded warriors and for maintenance of hospitals. In addition, the Noble Assembly provided the upper floor of noble house for the hospital, and the lower one for the Ladies' Committee. The article shows that despite all the difficulties there was a gradual clearance of the political position of the nobility of the Northern Caucasus at the beginning of the XXth century. The author draws attention to the fact that noble organization has proposed various measures aimed at strengthening economic and political influence of this class. She comes to the conclusion that the role of the nobility in the social structure of Russian society of that time is undergoing a significant transformation, and the importance of the nobility in the system of socio-economic relations and the management system of the Russian Empire was significantly reduced
In modern conditions of political instability the appeal to
historical experience is especially important.
Consideration of activity of orthodox clergy at the
beginning of the twentieth century, on the one hand,
allows estimating its role at lives of the Russian society,
with another to track interrelation between spiritual
crises and strengthening of revolutionary moods in
Russia. In this work the complex analysis of relationship
of the Kuban society and clergy at the beginning of the
twentieth century for the first time is given, special
attention is paid to the factors that played an important
role in the growth of anti-clerical sentiment. In the
article the contribution of priests to culture of Kuban is
considered as well. It occupies a special place coverage
outreach and philanthropy. In the research, the attention
is focused on diverse structure of the Kuban clergy that
found reflection in their miscellaneous social and in the
material status. All of this has contributed to the
presence of three movements in the ranks of the
priesthood of the Kuban. Shortly before revolution the
part of the Kuban church clergy supported cardinal
changes in life of Church, others were supporters of
moderate reforms, the third were opponents of all
changes. Based on the analysis of archival documents in
an article released in the specifics of the position of the
Orthodox clergy Kuban from other regions of Russia. In
this article it is convincingly proved that the authority of
Russian Orthodox Church was much higher here that
found reflection levels of moral development of society.
Unlike the central provinces spiritual crisis was much
weaker here; less all Cossacks were subject to its
influence. All this promoted preservation of monarchic
moods and among the most part of residents of Kuban.
Therefore, the news of the overthrow of the monarchy,
the establishment of Soviet power there was perceived
negatively by the majority of inhabitants
Study of centrifugal tendencies in the Baltic republics
in the years of perestroika, especially on the
background of today's events in the Ukraine (the
Crimea entry into Russia, the civil war in the Donbass,
the aggravation of relations between Russia and the
Western powers), is very important. An important
direction in social and political life of the Baltic
republics was the legislative activity of the Supreme
Council, which made laws and regulations aimed at
the isolation and subsequent exit of republics from the
Soviet Union. Nowadays the problem of the role of the
Supreme Council of the Baltic States in the process of
sovereignty and independence was not seriously
developed. That’s why consideration of the main legal
acts as a historical source is an important area of
research in the field of legislation the Supreme
Council of the Baltic states in the perestroika years,
from 1988 to 1991. The aim of the work is to study the
process of sovereignty of the Baltic States through the
activities of the republican Supreme Soviets in the
above period. The object of work is to study legal acts
of the Supreme Soviets of the Baltic republics. This
article will address the following regulations: the
Declaration of Sovereignty, language laws,
citizenship, national symbols, as well as regulations,
declared a withdrawal from the Soviet Union (as in
Lithuania) or the beginning of transitional period (as in
Latvia and Estonia). It should be noted that in Latvia
and Estonia citizenship laws in the years 1988-1991
were only developed. Finally these laws were passed
after the official recognition of these republics, so they
are not included in the focus of our attention. The
subject of the work is legislative activity of the
Supreme Soviets of the Baltic republics in the years of
perestroika
The article describes the types and forms of search movement activity of the Krasnodar Region in the formation, preservation and reconstruction of historical and cultural heritage of the Great Patriotic War. The search movement in Russia is the unique socio-cultural phenomenon. In Krasnodar region this movement began in the 80s. Today it is 16 specialized public search organizations. Kuban searchers found the remains of more than 10,000 Soviet soldiers and recognized the names of 220 of them; they have carried out more than 700 expeditions. The main activities of the search organizations of Kuban in the area of historical and cultural heritage of the Great Patriotic War are conducting field exploration works; the establishment of names of the dead, found in the course of search operations and search for their relatives; reburial of the soldiers; assist in the elimination of explosive devices of the Great Patriotic War; patriotic education; military and historical reconstruction; the popularization of the military history of the region. The main purpose of search organizations is to recreate and perpetuate the memory of killed people in the defense of the Fatherland. Through the forms of activity, practiced by search organizations of the Krasnodar region, formed valuable attitude to the historical past, carried out patriotic education, readiness for armed defense of the motherland
The history of the Kuban region is inseparably linked with activity of Russian Orthodox Church. The main attention is paid to studying a contribution of the orthodox clergy of Kuban to development of education and study of local history. In this research the author disproves the thesis of the Soviet authors, that Orthodoxy was the opponent of studying and development of education. On the basis of the analysis of various sources the educational activity of orthodox clergy of Kuban is comprehensively considered. The huge contribution to the development of education in Kuban was brought by K.V. Rossinskiy. Due to his efforts by 1825 there were 10 parish schools, one parish spiritual school and a gymnasium. Enlightenment has been considered as a complex system of measures aimed at the development of both intellectual and spiritual features of society. For the first time the author gives allocation periods of educational activity of Russian Orthodox Church, according to the author, there were three stages: 1794-1842; 1842- 1860; 1860-1920. The specifics of each of the periods were also specified in this research, as well as the factors influencing the development of the Kuban education. School construction was the most intensive at the third stage that is connected with the end of the Caucasian war and strengthening of positions of Russian Orthodox Church in this region. A significant amount of place in the article was taken by the analysis of the works of Russian Orthodox Church in a field of education and development of patriotism, the role of orthodox clergy of Kuban in development of study of local lore is also lit. The conclusion about an important role of Russian Orthodox Church in the Kuban history is presented in the summary. The orthodox clergy stood at the origins of the Kuban education and study of local lore. It made a brought contribution in literacy distribution, in strengthening of the spiritual beginnings of society, in preservation for descendants of unique data about the past
The task of improving of quality of school education is
a problem pressing for education workers both before,
and now. This article attempts to examine ways of
solving it by teachers of Chechen-Ingush ASSR in the
60s-70's last century. The Republic paid great attention
to recruitment and retention of trained teaching staff at
schools. Competence of teaching staff was developed
continuously. As a result, both quantitative and
qualitative profile of teaching staff increased steadily,
qualitative profile of rural schoolmasters was
improved. Official evaluation of teachers, conducted
since 1972, contributed to improvement of the
professional level of teaching staff, and overall
operation of general education school. Care about
living conditions of rural teachers positively impacted
on school operation. Career enhancement training was
carried out on a regular basis. Technical training aids
were introduced into school practice. Schools switched
to new programs, taught children in national schools
from the age of six, which contributed to improving of
learning of native and Russian languages, and had a
positive effect on quality increase of the entire
educational work of school. As a result of a complex
of works conducted, overwhelming majority of
teachers in rural schools of the republic finished school
years without non achievers and repeaters
The structure of the nobility of the North Caucasus is investigated in this article, on the basis of static sources; the status of hereditary and personal nobility is analyzed on the basis of legislative acts. We studied the composition of hereditary nobility on the basis of the List of noblemen brought in noble genealogical books of the Stavropol province, Terek and Kuban areas from 1795 till 1912
The article analyzes the complex and contradictory process of feminism in the Islamic cultural space on the example of Egypt. The author analyzes feminism as ideological and political of the movement women's equality phenomenon. We study the Genesis of the feminist movement in Egypt; reveal its social-economic causes and historical roots. In the article we consider the main problems associated with the status of Muslim women in the coverage of the largest Muslim educators and reformers of the previous century. It is proved that the movement for women emancipation in the Arab world was the movement of the upper layers of society, initiated by men. In the course of study a new historiographical material (mainly of translated character) was revealed and introduced into the scientific circulation which contributed to the study of a number of insufficiently studied problems
The research of ethnic composition of the nobility of the Northern Caucasus is carried out in the article on the basis of statistical sources. The author calculated the results of the First General census of the Russian Empire in the Kuban, Stavropol and the Terek regions of 1897 y. It is shown that the ethnic composition of the upper classes was different in regions. The analysis of the results of the census of 1897 shows that in the Kuban region the most numerous language groups were Russian (77%), Polish (7,1%), Circassian (5.8 percent) ones. The ratio of language groups was not the same in the towns and villages. It is noted that in Stavropol province the dominance of Russians was significant compared with Kuban region. They accounted for 86.8% among the hereditary nobility of the province and among personal they accounted for 94%. The second place among the nobility of the province was occupied by the poles: the hereditary nobility was accounted for 7.7 %, personal nobility was accounted for 2.1%. Moreover, a significant proportion of them lived in urban areas. The national composition of the nobility in the Terek region is considered, it is shown that the Russian nobility prevailed in all administrative units: among hereditary – 73.1 %, among the personal – 77,7%. The second place belonged to the poles (9,25%). Produced calculations show that the most numerous from other language groups of the hereditary nobility were Ossetian (3,76%), Armenian (2,54%), Georgian (2,87%), Kumyk (2,01%), Chechen (0,92%), German (1,57%), Circassian (0,92%) ones. The nobility of the Northern Caucasus was multinational; it can be explained by historical condition of the formation of the indigenous population, as well as increased influx of immigrants in the post-reform period from various provinces of Russia
The historical experience of specialist staff training for
rural areas in our country is invaluable for the
countries in which differences between urban and rural
areas there still exist. Rural development is
unthinkable without the active work of the rural
literate. In this article, we consider this process in
Chechen-Ingush Republic in 1966-1975. There is
a rapid growth in number of knowledge workers in the
rural areas there. Chechen-Ingush State University
dominated in the process of qualified staff training for
non-agricultural occupations for the village. 7
Faculties functioned there, where, at the end of the
period, 5,000 students studied. Half of them were the
national staff. They were trained by qualified highereducation
teaching personnel. The following material
and technical conditions were available for normal
training: a hostel for 1480 people, a canteen, and a
library with a huge book collection. Every year, a large
number of teachers from a number of regions of the
Russian Federation arrived in the republic. For rural
people, admission to universities of the country was
facilitated. As a result of work done, within two fiveyear
periods universities of CHIASSR
prepared 16.9 thousand highly qualified specialists,
most of whom were directed to work in rural
areas. Scope of training of specialists with secondary
education for the village was widened. As a result of
performed work, staff scarcity for trained specialist
decreased in rural areas