The phenomenon of fasciation on the example of higher
plants was considered. The effect of fasciation on the
various particularities of plants has been shown. The
numerous examples of the different groups of plants with
fasciation bodies are given. We have demonstrated that
the phenomenon of fasciation is more common for
cultivated plants than for wild. In most cases, fasciation
is considered as an exceptional phenomenon. A number
of authors have distinguished fasciation to inheritable
and non-inheritable. The first is caused by internal
reasons. The second is the influence of external factors
such as insect damage, injury, weather conditions. The
number of regularities was installed: reproductive bodies
of plants fasciationing more often; thermophilic forms
are more likely to be fasciation. The images of different
cultures with fasciation parts are given. We discuss using
the introduction of the term ”connаtions” as
morphological abnormalities. Fasciation can be
considered as a marker trait for the cause of this
phenomenon with violation of ecological situation. The
plants with morphosis, including fasciation of the certain
parts of bodies, can act as indicators of environmental
pollution. The study of the phenomenon of fasciation in
higher plants can be regarded as a method of breeding for
large fruit size. From one side, to establish the adaptation
abilities of newly created genotypes. Thus, the
phenomenon of fasciation has affected many areas of
science. On the other side, it is proof of the violations
caused by environmental factors. On the other hand, it is
hereditary reasons, and can also serve as a model for
studying morphogenesis
The article presents the long-term data (2007-2015.)
biometric aboveground plant parts and the estimation of
the prospects of the three introduced botanical species
of juniper and recommendations for their use in
landscape design. We have established very promising,
promising and unpromising varieties for landscaping in
the conditions of the foothill zone of the Krasnodar
region out of 16 varieties of juniper species: China,
ordinary and rock
The review considers a present level of knowledge
of terrestrial gastropod olfactory system. Special
attention is given to data concerning presence of
electrical coupling on different levels of terrestrial
gastropods olfactory analyzer functioning. Analysis
of available literature leads to conclusion that
further study of neural gap junctions in terrestrial
gastropods olfactory system will provide a
significant development in its structure and function
modeling
The article describes a possibility of obtaining food
pectin extracts of high purity form secondary raw
materials such as sunflower anthodiа. The relevance of
the use of pectin extracts as independent products or as
an ingredient in food products for therapeutic and
prophylactic purposes is determined by the high
complexing ability of pectin substances in the
dissolved form, in comparison with the commercial
powder pectin. The use of pectin extracts reduces the
cost of the final product by reducing the number of
technological procedures. As dried plant material is
mainly used for the production of pectin and pectin
extracts, the article presents the study of the swelling
process of dried and crushed sunflower anthodiа. It is
established that the inclusion of the swelling process as
a separate technological process for the production of
pectin extract from the sunflower anthodiа is
impracticable. The study on further processing of
vegetable raw materials by electroactivated water
system (EAWS) to reduce the content of ballast
substances in raw material in relation to pectin and
increase the purity of pectin extract is also presented.
Some processing options of sunflower anthodia with
EAWS of various рН were considered as well. The
decrease in the content of dry substances in the
processing of plant material that characterizes the
decrease in the number of ballast substances is shown.
We have also calculated the purity of the obtained
pectin extracts
The role of transport in agricultural production
is considerable. It is a connecting link in a
single technological chain of the agroindustrial
complex of the country (RF AIC). In
intraeconomic transportation in the RF AIC,
along with cars, we widely use tractors.
Rational application of wheeled tractors in
intraeconomic carriage substantiates the
possibility of their movements both on
asphalted and dirt roads. A specific share of
tractor transport in domestic agriculture
amounts 22-27% of the total transport
transportations and 50-60% of intraeconomic
carriage. There is a high level of the usage of
tractor transport in Western European countries
and in the United States. In farms of leading
Western European countries (Germany, Italy,
France and others.) there is about 70-90% of
intraeconomic carriage performed by tractor
transport. One of the most substantial and
difficult tasks is to fight with damage and losses
of agricultural production, in which a very
responsible role has been assigned to
automobile and tractor transport as an important
link in the AIC. According to the analysis of
materials for the preparation and use of potatoes and apples, more than 15-20% of the products
do not reach the consumer. Low quality of the
use of vehicles during transportation is a
problem. Transport costs in the prime cost of
produced products in rural areas reach 30-40%
or more. Lowering them will further influence
the development of the agroindustrial complex.
Thus, the creation of new of scientifically
grounded decisions in designs of vehicles for
intraeconomic carriage that enhance
preservation and performance of potato
harvesting and apples in the conditions of
Russia's AIC is the actual scientific and
technical task. Its solution makes a significant
contribution to the development of the country,
as well as it contributes to the implementation
of breakeven, competitive manufacture
In agriculture the issue of enhancing the
efficiency of operation of internal combustion
engines (ICE), reducing the costs of
maintenance (TO) and repairing (TP) fuel
supply apparatus (TA) using the improvement
of methods and means of diagnosis is a topical
in connection with the aging rolling stock
farming and lack of investment. Analysis of the
known TA diesel engine vehicles systems
showed that the most widespread system is the
divided type with multiplunger high pressure
fuel pump (fuel pump), while the methods of its
diagnosing are laborious, they require partial
disassembly and have insufficient accuracy.
The mathematical models that characterize the
work of a high-pressure fuel pump (fuel pump)
use a large number of parameters that
significantly affect the quality of dynamics of
the change of pressure values of diesel fuel.
However, in the materials of previously
published articles there were no issues
considered assessing the extent of the
quantitative impact, performance and features
change in the sensitivity settings of the
mathematical models on the simulation results,
there are no recommendations on the degree of
sensitivity and importance of each of the
parameters. For a more accurate diagnosis of
the fuel supply apparatus of a diesel engine it is
advisable to use several methods of diagnosing.
The article substantiates development of a
mathematical model of a high-pressure fuel
pump based on the analysis of modern methods
of diagnosing of fuel equipment for autotractor
diesel engines
The article describes realization of the software
module called "Department work plan". This module
is a part of the system of management decisions
support. The primary function of the system is the
process of generating documentation in higher
education institutions. This software system and its
additional software modules have been developed
and tested at the Department of Computer
Engineering of computer technologies and
information security Institute of Southern Federal
University (SFedU). The software module allows you
to generate the work plan for the university’s
subdivision, such as department. List of initial data
for the work of software module is described in this
article. The main algorithm distribution of
department's workload for the academic year was
described. The article describes the organization of
work of the software module. The main stages of the
generation of the work plan for the university
subdivision were enumerated. The described process
of generation of the work plan of the university
subdivision was supplemented by illustrative
material. The implemented software module has a
convenient and functional user interface, which
allows significantly facilitating the input and editing
of data. The generated data can be exported in
Microsoft Excel format. Considering the available
opportunity to customize the module to fit the
requirements of a particular user, it can be
implemented in subdivisions of various universities
Physical and chemical characteristics of the Stavropol
oil are provided. The found value of density of 853,6
kg/m3
is low and shows that oil mainly contains light
paraffin hydrocarbons. Distillation of test of oil is
carried out on the device of rectification of ARN-2 oil
to laboratories of the Tuapse oil refinery. On the basis
of experimental data, the curve of oil ITK is
constructed. The chromotographic analysis determined
a mass fraction of C1-C6 hydrocarbons in a model of
test of oil. The conclusion is drawn that according to
GOST 31378-2009 regulations the sample of oil can
be carried depending on a mass fraction of sulfur to the
2nd class ("sulphurous"); on density – to the 2nd type
("averages"); on content of chloride salts, waters,
mechanical impurity – to the 1st group; on a mass
fraction of hydrogen sulfide, marked - and
etilmerkaptan in the amount – to the 1st type. The
sample of oil is characterized by the low temperature
of hardening (minus 15 °C)
Our research aims at providing new effective control
methods for scientific and technical expertise to
organizations and foundations that fund research
projects on a competitive basis. These methods should
provide analytical decision support for group decision
making in a distributed environment. In this work, we
consider an integral model for knowledge
representation – a socio-semantic knowledge network
that combines social links and a semantic description
of knowledge into a mathematically formalized graph
theoretic structure. In terms of actor-network theory,
we consider a multimodal network with actors on one
of the levels and artefacts (i.e. contexts that express
network links) on the other level. In order to represent
knowledge domain based on a graph and hypergraph
paradigm and fuzzy sets theory, we provide a
sufficiently complete set of elements and relations
(either trustworthy or partially trustworthy) both
between multitype elements and their heterogeneous
groups. The formal representation allows applying the
model to solve numerous practical tasks such as expert
finding, formation of expert groups, expertise
refinement, reduction of subjectivity, analysis of an
expertise process, analysis of processes within expert
groups. Research methodology: social network
analysis (SNA), theory of graphs and hypergraphs,
fuzzy calculus and fuzzy logic
The article gives the analysis of the questions that
provide economic entities stable functioning in
extreme competitive interactions. The task of choosing
competitive stable behaviour strategy of the economic
entity on the basis of efficient use of a resource is
defined in maximine terms. To solve the problem it is
suggested to use the means of a multistage nonzero
attrition game and a negative-sum “gain”. The ways to
overcome major difficulties of a numerical solution of
the formulated extreme problem in connection with its
dimension and the kind of an optimizable function that
might be discontinuous, nondifferentiable and
multiextremal are found out. Due to its discrete
behaviour a criterial function is given in terms of
Taylor approximation. Derivatives in the direction are
calculated to find the pair of mixed strategies that is
the solution of the considered game. On the basis of
the suggested optimal solving algorithm by means of
successive approximation maximine value of the
efficiency criterion of the economic entity functioning
and optimal distributions of the strategies application
probabilities that provide its stable (balanced)
“survival” are evaluated. The application of
competitive stable behaviour strategies based on
maximum efficient use of resources allows economic
entities to remain viable and provides balanced
competitive environment in regional sectors of
economy