Name
Lisovskaya Raksana Nirolaevna
Scholastic degree
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Academic rank
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Honorary rank
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Organization, job position
Kuban State Agrarian University
Web site url
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Articles count: 15
The article reviews financial and other criteria indicators,
related to the production of small agricultural
farms. Our law establishes that the annual turnover
for micro-entity shall not exceed the amount of 60
million rubles, or USD 755.6 thousands at the current
exchange rate (which at 20.01.2016 is 79.41
rubles/USD). For the category of small businesses,
the ceiling of the cash proceeds must be in the range
of 60 to 400 million rubles (in dollar terms from
USD 0.756 to USD 5.037 million). Respectively for
the medium enterprises criteria, revenue must be
from 400 million to 1 billion rubles, or USD 5.037
and USD 12.259 million). The size of the business
over 1 billion rubles should be classified as Large
Businesses. According to the Federal law No. 209
financial data levels must be adjusted after five years
of operations. All commercial organizations with less
than 15 employees/ (inclusive) are classified as Micro
Enterprises, and with 16 to 100 employees – to
the category Small Enterprises. /Accordingly, medium-sized
enterprises are organizations with 101 to
250 employees. Today, it is noted that in World’s
practice, the criterion for the classification of enterprises
to the relevant category is defined not by generated
financial flows and assets of the enterprise,
but by simple employ. In our practice, simultaneous
consideration of the number of employees, annual
receipts, number of livestock, and area of agricultural
land make it possible to analyze dynamics of productivity
using small agricultural farms, management
decisions on investment expediency of innovations,
improvement of production technologies, and infrastructure
of product realization
The economic position of the agricultural sector of the Krasnodar region and the place of small business in economy of the region is considered. It is noted that in structure of agricultural production of the country today the region produces 8%, in gross regional product – about 13% of the total material production. The main share of agricultural production is still produced by agricultural organizations, in 2013, they generated more than 61% of total production, farm population - 24%, domestic farms - 15%. Regional plant growing today produces more than 72% of all agricultural products. In the sphere of animal husbandry, the authors recommend stabilizing dairy herd, to restore the normal functioning of pig farms, build and reconstruct farms and complexes, to increase the supply of quality feeds, to restore the productivity of animals and poultry, the quality level of the staffing industry. It is noted that the production of milk has become a pretty beneficial business; its profitability has risen to 37%. But meat production remains unprofitable due to weak motivation of investing, and problems with lending. There are also serious problems in technical support, especially to the sector of small farm management. As a result, producers suffer from significant financial losses due to the great timing of major agricultural companies. Attention is drawn to the unused opportunities of leasing machinery and equipment, negative policy of low wages for rural workers, and high number of farms which are in bankruptcy proceedings. To increase the stability of development of the agrarian economy, the authors recommend taking into account the peculiarities of financial-economic activity of small rural businesses
The paper clarifies the conceptual apparatus of subjects of small farms in agriculture, sup-plemented theory of the balance development of the market products, systematized the in-struments of state control of the development process of SFB in AIC subject to the condi-tions of economic space WTO
The article systematizes the singularity de-velopment and management of small farms (SFB), analyzes their competitive position, the technique of definition of the capacity of their market segment, is a model of a con-sumer cooperative multi SFB
It is being said that the competitive position of subjects
of small agrarian farms (SAF) are often provided
with increasingly innovative approaches with
flexibility of internal management, the ability to
quickly adapt to constantly changing conjuncture
market. However, as practice shows, the direction of
development in small economies does not act as a
priority of modern agricultural policy in this field,
often dominated by declarative intent rather than
running behind these statements required volumes of
investment in regulation of subjects SAF development.
It is noted that there the following actions
should be taken: to supply the participants of small
agricultural farms with necessary land resources; to
create an affordable banking scheme for obtaining
investment credits, subsidies, and cooperative credit
for small business entities; to expand the scope of
production and service; to continue development of
opportunities for industrial cooperation, joint logistics,
processing, marketing research, and marketing
of products; to facilitate the access of small actors to
local retail markets. A high rate of inflation, directly
affecting the cost of credit, fuel prices, updating the
technical and material base of production, and difficulties
with working capital are still remaining the
major problem. The solution to these problems
would be enhancing the market competitiveness of
small agrarian businesses
The article says that small agricultural farms (SAF)
play a significant role in import substitution of food,
which is aimed at replacing imported agricultural
commodities and finished products to domestic security.
SAF subjects of Krasnodar region made a significant
contribution to the increase of efficiency of
regional economy. The share of small agricultural
farms is 29% of regional production of grain and
meat, 36% of milk, 47% of egg, 10% of sugar beet,
30% of sunflower and 95% of potatoes, 70% of vegetables,
and 29% of grapes which makes a significant
contribution to the process of import substitution. In
addition, the SAF showed a large positive impact on
the sustainability of farming, the development dynamics
of the entire rural economy, increase the
competitiveness of the whole field due to the increase
in segment sales, improving market sales in
the infrastructure. Today SAF perform a priority
vector of development of regional agrarian policy.
However, when the share of regional agricultural
production segment is more than 35%, a small management
gets only 10% of the sum of all sources of
state support. In recent years, stimulation
measures of subjects of small agrarian farms aimed
at increasing the size of the land, the abolition of the
standards concerning the number of animals, improving
lending conditions, facilitating the starting of
economic conditions, union efforts to organize sales
channels and other programs. However, the situation
with crediting SAF is improving too slowly due to
lack of sufficient collateral, and only a small part of
them can use loans. Besides, the bureaucratic and
departmental barriers are still saved. They still face
trade discrimination in the retail markets and great
difficulties due to the new requirements of the construction markets, the endowment channels marketing
of products etc. All this dictates the need for further
improvement of the economic mechanism of
regulation of small agricultural development
The article deals with problems and possibilities in agriculture import substitution conditions and considers the significant role of small agrarian forms in this economy processes. The article notes that the main aim of import substitution is improving the competitiveness of domestic agricultural products through greater motivation of technological, modernization and innovation policy in production, through the development of new innovative, more competitive food products with higher consumer parameters. Practice shows that the most effective substitution is carried out in the agricultural sector and the food industry. The Krasnodar region has the most efficient developed agriculture production structure with the best natural and investment climate in the country, with enlarged of crop rotation fields, excessive and relatively low labor cost with the best experience in agricultural production. The author discusses about the detail problems of import substitution with participation of small businesses in the areas of grain production, sugar beet, about the difficulties in material and technical equipment, provision of seed and other problems. The problems of the financial component in large and small businesses specifically mentions, also in the field of cost management processing, pricing, formation of gross profit. The article emphasizes the importance of recovering the lost possibilities of breeding in animal husbandry, especially in pig and cattle. The most difficult situation is with lending, where the author recommends the reduction of rates for farmers in the short and medium term lending to the level of 3-5%. The author considers a changes in the mechanism of redistribution of public support in favor of livestock very important, where there are large risks, difficulties of long-term credits, problems of technological discipline observance and more
It is being said, that with a large number of studies on
the functioning and regulation of the growth of small
agricultural farms there is remaining a number of problematic
provisions research on conceptual framework
of small management, forecasting, process optimization,
management decision making, and innovative
development of small agricultural farms. It is noted,
that in processes of support and regulation of small
farms today it is invested more and more of the state
budget. Their use is closely tied to the definition of
"small farms", the correct assignment of entities for
this field. In this regard, the authors offer a definition
of small agricultural businesses, which differs from the
widely used in scientific and industrial practice the
definition of small farms by greater brevity, and referencing
to these entities all small agricultural producers,
including domestic urban economy. Among the features
of small agricultural entities, the authors emphasize:
the independence, poly productive model orientation,
low development and applicability of management
techniques, economic knowledge, culture of
market relations, information, consulting services, and
general infrastructure of production. Strengths of small
entities include small initial capital to "uplift business",
high autonomy, flexibility, process management,
high efficiency, low fixed costs, and possibilities
of effective mobilization of material and financial resources.
It is also proposed to enhance the development
of relationships for IV sphere of agricultural sector:
consulting, research, educational, financial, informational,
and other services to improve the efficiency
of functioning of small agricultural farms
Theoretical, transformational and practical provisions for the development and regulation of small businesses and farms in the country's economy and agriculture are being cleared up. In the process of studying the problem we used logical reasoning, methods of comparing, and monographic, economic and statistical methods also. It is shown that small farming forms (SFF) in agriculture are essential for progressive development of agriculture, which is now recognized as a growth point of import substitution in all national economy. Given the author's interpretation of the category definition "small farming form" in agriculture differs from other definitions, in a more complete evaluation and statistics, provisions regarding private cottages and households as the SFF, their locality of functioning, independence in taking risks, increased adaptation, economic and legal binding, spectrum of production. The article shows the history of definitions of small business and small farming forms, stages of small business development, the scope of its practice abroad and in our country. It is said that a leading role in the formation of small farms belonged to households, which are still playing a leading role in production of agricultural products for their own consumption (without selling on the market). It is noted that at the present stage of industrial transformation of small businesses and small farms they often have a low mechanization level, high cost structure of manual labor. They have problems in adapting to the sector of services, in embedding into a complex system of relationships with medium and large business on the basis of technological specialization and also promoting innovation. It is emphasized that today the growing role of small businesses, small farms makes it more pragmatic to assess the prospects of development of this sector in our country
The features of the process of functioning, development
and regulation of agricultural growth of small
agrarian farming forms (SAFF) with the participation
of the state are discussed. It is noted that systematization
of features of small agricultural farms plays a
big role in the increasing of economic efficiency and
state regulation. It is said that in certain circumstances,
the same features can have both positive and negative,
problematic impact, so the authors conducted
their separate classification. They consider a great
influence of SAFF on local development, rural employment,
tax and social preferences, opportunities
of cooperation, low costs and risks to create new
jobs, informal management, combining the functions
of manager and owner in one person, a high sensitivity
to government regulation, protection of the population
from the local monopoly of employers, selfdevelopment,
responsibility, self-defense from external
factors, and others to be positive. But SAFF
work in the environment of perfect competition in
the absence of market power, low, often only declared
security, an underdeveloped industrial infrastructure
of small farms, a high probability of unauthorized
interference from shadow entities, supervisory
bodies, local bureaucracy, institutional limitations
in the access to information, counseling material
and financial resources, low mobility, small size of
economy, high dependence on local conditions, capacity
of local raw material and consumer market,
limited distribution channels, permanent market volatility,
distrust of the practice of production and consumer
cooperatives, the scarcity of capital, problematic
accessibility to financial instruments, the high
cost of credit, low legitimacy, the credibility of the
decisions of the local bureaucracy is considered to be negative