Name
Lisovskaya Raksana Nirolaevna
Scholastic degree
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Academic rank
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Honorary rank
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Organization, job position
Kuban State Agrarian University
Web site url
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Articles count: 15
The goals of import substitution, import data and export resource features of the agrarian economy, through which you can generate significant competitive advantage are discussed. It is noted that the flight of the capital abroad creates jobs not for our economy, but for our competitors, that low interest rates on loans create obvious unequal starting opportunities throughout the domestic business. As a result the cost of imported food in value-chain terms reached in our country an enormous rate of $45 billion and that government realized the need of strengthening of food security, transferring of production of traditional kinds of products which form the basis of consumption of the population in our country, to the domestic market. It is noted that we need temporary moderate state protectionism and protection of the domestic market with the aim of modernizing the economy, attracting investors in the important field of production with high risks. The main problems and solutions that will help to further successful implementation of this strategy in the sectors of our economy are highlighted. It is proposed to establish a network of specialized information centers to support import substitution with a database of technological profiles of organizations. The author block diagram of the information support and import substitution is given. The importance of federal and regional programs functioning in the import substitution is noted. The author's plan for their implementation is given . Predictive modeling of short-term, medium-term and long-term positive and negative consequences of import substitution and export orientation are implemented. The authors stress that the substitution should be seen as a transition to export orientation of the agricultural economy.
It is said, that small agrarian economy takes an important
place in the market economy, creates new
jobs, new sources of income in excessing labor resources
of the rural sector .The transformational
stages of small business development, motivation of
starting up cooperation, conditions of formation of
mixed economy is discussed. The development of
diverse economic forms is considered here. The main
ones are: small agricultural farms with low technical
and energy equipment of labor, low level of mechanization
and high level of manual labor. Small agricultural
businesses were developed in the provision
of production services in agriculture; the production
of small agricultural forms of management that are
embedded in a complex system of relations between
technological specialization with medium and large
businesses; small farms, which are independently or
in cooperation aimed at commercial implementation,
development and realization of innovations. It is
shown that today's best practices in support of small
business implement a number of avenues to reduce
tax contributions to the pension funds of entities that
use high technology; the use of tax holidays on property;
the abolition of tax on profits of small industries,
obtained through the sale of paper funds and
other assets; the extension of preferential privatization
rented small industries of real estate, with exemption
from payment of tax on value added; the
provision of annual financial aid packages to small
businesses; the transfer to the budgets of the municipalities
collected payment for the sale of patents
from small entrepreneurial activity and other areas of
support. The necessity of improving the economic
instruments, replacement of the existing inefficient structure of domestic small entities, a greater motivation
in creating new jobs, raising the living level of
participants of subjects of small forms of managing
Practice shows that the level of development of small
agricultural farms is an important indicator of favorability
of the conditions created by government for
development of production and rural territories.
Conversely, the degree of development of rural areas
has an impact on the development of small agricultural
entities. It is necessary to increase the independence,
motivation, municipal authorities in socioeconomic
development of given territories. However,
today, there is a relative decrease in the level of support
for small businesses. Since 2007, the Support of
agriculture in our region has grown almost by three
times, but small agrarian business grew only by
34.3%, that is, in fact, observed as a negative trend,
when adjusted for inflation. Without a system of
state support of small business it is problematic to
conduct a correct reproduction of the herd and to
increase the volume of industry’s output. Such situation
results in: lower rural incomes, especially in
private subsidiary farms; the number of jobs, increase
of unemployment, social tension in society,
and a negative effect on the regional economy. It is
necessary to improve the economic mechanism of
state support of small businesses, to improve the
conditions of lending and investments, to create conditions
for increasing production of marketable
products and new jobs, to increase rural employment,
to improve the system of cooperation in production,
processing, storage, transportation and sale of products
to small businesses, to improve social infrastructure,
to improve the quality of rural life. The authors
have developed and offered corrective suggestions
for implementation of the regional target program of
development of small forms of businesses for 2016-
2020 with the definition of deadlines and funding, by blocks of the organization of competitive production,
support for family farms, system of agricultural
cooperation, and marketing of commercial products
The meaning of the definition of "import substitution" is clarified, import and export item features of the national economy are discussed, special attention is paid to the possibilities of expanding domestic and international markets by enhancing the competitiveness of industrial economies, the development of production with a large number of processing and high added value, increasing the traditional segment of high-tech products. It is noted that modern export orientation expands not only the market share of domestic products on foreign markets, but also significantly improves the competitive position of producing organizations in the domestic market. Potential geographical areas and countries-consumers of products of domestic production enterprises are highlighted. The article emphasizes the advantages to be gained from a substitution in the short to medium term with moderate protectionism by the state. The problems and possibilities of import substitution in agriculture and also the impact of past crisis, devaluation of the ruble on the processes of import substitution and export orientation, the role of the implementation process of import substitution in the security of the country are discussed. We offer solutions which will contribute to more successful implementation of the strategy of import substitution in manufacturing industries of agriculture; we have also made prognoses about short, medium and long term positive and negative predictive effects of import substitution and export orientation using retrospective of development of these processes
Small agrarian and personal peasant farms present an
important segment of agricultural production along
with other subjects. Their role is becoming more
prominent with the increasing of their own production
potential. Nevertheless, their resource base remains
very weak, the basic means of production are
worn out, and many of them are unable to improve
technical equipment. In this segment, leasing options
are limited, there are problems in logistics management,
and small entities do not have market power in
the market of production resources and in products
marketing. The lack of collateral generates high cost
lending and permanent bankruptcy. On the other
hand, it is noted that small entities have a large diversity
of organizational and legal forms, an informal
control system high interchangeability of production
functions, they combine the status of the owner and
the manager. They significantly reduce the social
tension in rural areas; they play a significant role in
import substitution. Characteristic features of small
agricultural farms (SAF) are high autonomy, independence,
self-protection from environmental factors.
They spend little money on creating jobs, have
low fixed costs and independently overcome the difficulties.
However, an underdeveloped industrial
infrastructure of small business hinders the improvement
of the technological level. They work
with constant external interference, which reduces
their production efficiency and market competitiveness.
All of them highly depend on local production
conditions, capacity of territorial markets. Low level
of cooperation of participants SAF significantly limits
the number of sales channels, increases the volatility
realization. The analysis showed a high need for realization of the revealed reserves of efficiency
growth