Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The mathematical model presented in this article is designed to assess the probability of occurrence probability of technological failure potato harvester according to the specific conditions and usage

The effectiveness of disinfection depends on used disinfecting materials for vans, their actions and technological parameters of the installation for applying disinfectants. Hot mist generators provide uniform distribution of particles of disinfectant solution inside the van for transportation of agricultural products. The parameters of the generator of hot mist affecting the quality of disinfection were investigated. Tests were conducted for the vans used to transport agricultural products. For studies we used the vans in operation, which transport farm animals (pigs) and had been disinfected before. Sampling for the research on contamination was performed with pre-prepared swabs. Factorial experiment was planned with using scheme #32, and as a result of significant factors in the univariate experiments we set a temperature of the aerosol disinfectant solution and the duration of surface treatment. As an optimization function we have chosen disinfection efficiency of bodies of vehicles carrying agricultural products. Comparing the results of the experiments on different groups of microorganisms we have found that the optimal mode of hot mist generator with a dispersing device are: the processing time of 1 m2 - 8.5 at the processing temperature - 65º C

We have presented the technological scheme of a dispersal device which allows to increase the efficiency of cleaning and disinfection of automotive vans with specialized solutions

The mathematical model presented in this article allows you to choose rational values and ranges of design and technological parameters of body separation, as well as their further optimization

Potato is cultivated in 130 countries on an area of over 18 million hectares; it annually gives more than 300 million tons of tubers. The share of the Russian Federation accounts is about 11% ... 14% of total production. The resulting potatoes consumed in food, animal feed, technical purposes, seed fund. According to the Ministry of agriculture of Russia, the largest number of potatoes in our country (89 %) is produced in peasant farms and personal farms of citizens, the area of cultivation of which make up about 2.7 million hectares. At such farms for the harvest, they use mainly potatodiggers, followed by selection of crops manually. The use of diggers in small areas of planting is more costefficiently in relation to the harvesting combine. In addition, the parameters requested for ATT to damage potatoes when harvesting with the diggers (3%) are higher than during harvesting by combine harvester (5%). As practice shows, for the use of cleaning units, even under optimal harvesting conditions in the hopper of the combine, there are soil and vegetable impurities. There are many different devices intended to localize the problem. Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that it is necessary to pay considerable attention to the quality of work of excavating working bodies, because it affects the productivity of the functioning of the whole machine. Currently, there are widespread potato aggregates with the receiving part, equipped with side disks, spaced along the edges of the plowshares. The disks cut off the raised layer of soil from between the rows. This entails improving the performance of the potato harvester. The most efficient and economical from the point of view of energy consumption, is the work of passive disks with hooks. The quality of potato harvesters depends on the design and performance of excavating bodies. The proposed design solution for an excavating body increases the productivity of harvesting machines

For cleaning and disinfection of motor vans we can effectively apply installation for the treatment of work surfaces with a disinfectant spray. Disinfection unit is a generator of hot mist with a device for dispersing

One can see some density irregularity within the roll in the baler with a chamber of constant volume. We have found out that the maximum density of hay roll width (the baler width) is observed in the middle part. This is due to the shape of the hay roll entering the baler. To even the hay rolls they have mounted some rotating disks having some inclined spring pins above the baler. To improve the roller distribution the disks above the baler have been pushed forward forming a tapering gap. The evening discs rotating above the moving roll will cause some relative motion of hay particles. The interaction of the evening disks with the hay roll in the vertical plane will be determined by the elasticity of the hay roll and the weight of the frame with the disks. We have studied the trajectories of hay particles motion with the help of MathCad program. We have had the following initial parameters: the degree of compaction (decrease of the roll height when evening), the friction coefficient, the angle rate of the evening disks, the number of pins and the speed of the hay roll. As a result we have got the trajectories of the hay particles motion when the evening disks functioning. The analysis of the trajectories has allowed to establish some basic parameters of the evening device such as the distance of 0.15…0.2 m between the pins; the degree of compression while evening 20...25 %, the angle rate of the evening discs 23...30 rad / s and the diameter of the evening disc 0.74 m. The application of the evening device in the form of the disks with pins provides a uniform distribution of hay particles edgewise of the baler ensuring preliminary hay roll seal press before passing to the baler pressure chamber that contributes to getting the rolls with larger mass and a uniform distribution of hay density inside the roll

The article presents a technical diagnostics of a car as a complex of goals and tasks connected with trouble-shooting of mechanisms and systems in order to eliminate them. We have considered the stages of computer diagnostics of different automobile systems such as diagnosing the engine, the brake system, steering and suspension. We have analyzed their components, the ways of troubleshooting and elimination recommendations. The article presents the main troubles transferred from the electronic control unit. The article also presents the stages of diagnosing the engine including external examination, listening to abnormal noises, checking the operating fluids and the engine management system, diagnosing the basic engine systems and checking the cylinders being filled. The article contains the list of main troubles and their reasons. One can also see diagnosing the brake system, its defects and remedies. The article presents diagnostics and repair of the suspender and graphics describing the check of the dismantled shock strut at the stand and tests of the shock strut without being dismantled. We have analyzed computer diagnostics and the problems it solves

In agriculture the issue of enhancing the efficiency of operation of internal combustion engines (ICE), reducing the costs of maintenance (TO) and repairing (TP) fuel supply apparatus (TA) using the improvement of methods and means of diagnosis is a topical in connection with the aging rolling stock farming and lack of investment. Analysis of the known TA diesel engine vehicles systems showed that the most widespread system is the divided type with multiplunger high pressure fuel pump (fuel pump), while the methods of its diagnosing are laborious, they require partial disassembly and have insufficient accuracy. The mathematical models that characterize the work of a high-pressure fuel pump (fuel pump) use a large number of parameters that significantly affect the quality of dynamics of the change of pressure values of diesel fuel. However, in the materials of previously published articles there were no issues considered assessing the extent of the quantitative impact, performance and features change in the sensitivity settings of the mathematical models on the simulation results, there are no recommendations on the degree of sensitivity and importance of each of the parameters. For a more accurate diagnosis of the fuel supply apparatus of a diesel engine it is advisable to use several methods of diagnosing. The article substantiates development of a mathematical model of a high-pressure fuel pump based on the analysis of modern methods of diagnosing of fuel equipment for autotractor diesel engines

Fruit harvesting is the final and decisive operation in the general work plan for growing fruit, which largely determines the qualitative and quantitative indicators of production and economy of industry in general. Increasing productivity by improving the safety of fruits and vegetables is a priority and not an easy task. For example, the use of cleaning technologies with the use of machinery for harvesting of apples by shaking can significantly reduce the time of gathering fruit compared to hand harvesting. This technology may be applicable, if the fruit is grown for the manufacture of juices, jams, etc. Currently, in several European countries and in the USA, they widely use fruit harvesting platforms and machines. The leader in the production of fruit harvesting platforms is Italy. To reduce the damage to fruit in agriculture, the analysis of the traumatic factors is of great importance, with the analysis of available machines and their subsequent modernization with the aim of improving the reliability and quality of harvesting and transport process, taking into account of the algorithm for solving these problems, the creation of new varieties of fruits and vegetables suitable for machine processing, strict compliance with deadlines and agronomic requirements for the performed technological operations, taking into account the savings of energy and resources when using mobile technology. In addition to the modernization of the machines for efficient operation, it is necessary to improve also the scheme of planting of gardens and methods of cultivation, transfer horticulture to intensive way of development