In this paper we consider a system of Dirac equations describing the dynamics of quarks in the metric of the atomic nuclei. We found out, that the binding energy of the nucleons for all known nuclides depends on the content of the quarks. The resulting dependence of the energy of the nucleons shows a quark shells, similar to electron shells. Our basic assumption is that each nucleon in the nucleus loses its individuality by dissociation to individual quarks that form quark shells. These shells are filled sequentially, just as filled electron shells. Since the nucleons are composed of two types of quarks, there are two types of shells that are filled with u and d quarks, respectively. In this case, the binding energy per nucleon depends on the concentration of quarks in the shells and the energy of the interaction of quarks.
In this article, we consider a system of Dirac equations describing the dynamics of quarks in the metric of the atomic nuclei. We found out, that the binding energy of the nucleons for all known nuclides depends on the content of the quarks. The resulting dependence of the energy of the nucleons shows a quark shells, similar electron shells
We consider the model of the structure of electrons and quarks, in which these particles are presented consisting of elementary particles preons. From this model, the theory of electron shells, as a continuation of the quark nuclear shells has been proposed
In the article, the algorithm – a recurrent formula for calculation of determinants of prefractal graphs with the full primers, keeping old edges contiguity in a trajectory was received
In the article, we have considered the economic-mathematical model of selection of projects targeted programs on the example of the Russian Federation. The article also defines criteria of their distribution. We have proposed the parallel algorithm with the guaranteed estimates of the allocation of graph
We consider the model of the structure of matter, in which elementary particles, atoms and molecules are presented as consisting of preons particles
In this article, we consider the task of systematizing the axioms and postulates, directly or indirectly connected with the study of the cycles of varying length and nature, which constitute the absolute of the general theory of cycles
In this article we consider the system of equations of electrodynamics of continuous media molecules consisting of preons, including quarks and electrons
In the article, for the first time we have considered group of electrons radial to atomic nucleus with equal value of orbital quantum number and equal sequence of emergence on subshells. As a result of this consideration, the exclusion orbital principle which regulates distribution of electrons in atom on values of spin has been established. On the basis of this principle, the orbital system of distribution of electrons which adequately corresponds to the valid system installed according to the spectral analysis is developed. From positions of orbital system the new explanation of reasons for deviation of the valid system of distribution of electrons in atom from ideal system of consecutive filling of electron shells has been offered and the nature of the empirical rule is opened. The structure of periodic system is also considered and the explanation of the reasons pair repetition of the periods on number of elements is offered. It is thus shown that borders of the chemical periods are displaced relatively borders of the periods of orbital system on two elements to the left
The new results of the sample average values in different spaces and rules of large numbers for them are given in the article. We also introduced the weighted average values of type I corresponding to the sample, and type II, corresponding to the set of order statistics. The evolution of ideas about the Kemeny distance and the Kemeny median is traced. The modified Kemeny median, convenient for computation and avoiding the effect of the "center of the bagel hole" is proposed. As a generalization of the Kemeny median, we introduced and studied the empirical and theoretical values in the spaces of arbitrary origin. For them, we proved the rules of large numbers