Econometrics is one of the most effective mathematical tools of controlling. The article deals with general problems of application of econometric methods in solving problems of controlling. Econometric methods - is primarily a statistical analysis of concrete economic data, of course, with the help of computers. In our country, they are still relatively little known, even though we have the most powerful scientific school in the foundations of econometrics - the probability theory. The article shows that to decide the problems of controlling is necessary to apply econometric methods. Classification of econometric tools can be carried out on various grounds: on methods, by type of data, in tasks, etc. Mass introduction of software products, including modern econometric analysis tools of concrete economic data can be regarded as one of the most effective ways to accelerate scientific and technological progress. The whole arsenal currently used econometric and statistical techniques (methods) can be divided into three streams: high econometric (statistical) technology; classical econometric (statistical) technology, low (inadequate, obsolete) econometric (statistical) technology. The main problem of modern econometrics is to ensure that the concrete econometric and statistical studies used only the first two types of technology. To get a broader representation of the use of econometric methods in the management of production organization we analyze basic textbook "Organization and planning of engineering production (production management)," prepared by the Department of "Economics and organization of production" of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. It has more than 20 times using econometric methods and models that testify to the effectiveness of such a tool of manager as econometrics
Inventory management (in other words, logistics) is an integral part of the work of firms, companies and organizations. We are talking about stocks of raw materials, fuel, tools, components, semi-finished products, finished products for industrial (or agricultural) firms, about stocks of goods to distribution centers, warehouses, shops, workplaces sellers, finally consumers. Stocks spent all the time and supplemented on various rules adopted in the firm. Optimization of these rules, ie, optimal inventory management, gives a big economic effect. The mathematical theory of inventory management, based on the models of movement of flows of goods, is an important area of economic-mathematical research. The classical model of inventory management proposed in 1915 by F. Harris is one of the simplest and most illustrative examples of application of the mathematical apparatus for decision-making in the economic field. This model is commonly referred to as the Wilson model, because this model became known after the publication of R.G. Wilson in 1934. The formula of the optimum batch size (the so-called "the formula of the square root"), obtained in the Wilson model, is widely used on various stages of production and distribution, since this formula is practically useful for decision-making in the inventory management, in particular, for generating significant economic effect. However, contrary to popular belief, by means of this formula it is impossible to calculate the optimal batch size (although it is a necessary step on the path of its finding). In strict economic-mathematical analysis of Wilson model, conducted in the article, it is shown that the formula of square root does not give the optimal batch size. We have given the algorithm for calculating the optimal batch size. It has been found that the formula of the square root gives asymptotically optimal plan. We have studied the stability of the conclusions in the economic-mathematical model and considered an example of the practical application of the classical model of inventory management
Requirements for the professional training of сontrollers include, in particular, the requirements for an intelligent tool that controllers must possess. One of such tools is the econometrics. Organization of training, in particular, preparation of curricula, programs, teaching materials and textbooks, involves discussion of the scope and content of the relevant discipline. We have given the description of the econometric tools of controlling, including the courses of "Econometrics-1" and "Econometrics-2", which the Department of the IBM-2 "Economics and organization of production" is on the faculty "Engineering and Business Management" of Bauman Moscow State Technical University. We have discussed the external environment of econometrics and the necessary changes in it. For example, the course of "Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics" is the basis for the study of econometrics. However, it has to be brought into line with modern requirements. In particular, it is necessary to consider such things as random elements with values in an arbitrary space, empirical and theoretical means in such spaces, to prove the laws of large numbers in general statements. Simultaneously with the specified extension course content is reasonable to exclude from the program methods based on those assumptions are not met in the concrete economic situations. In particular, we have to eliminate the one-sample and two-sample Student's t tests and replace them with the corresponding nonparametric tests. We do not need the "classical" and geometric probability, etc. We have given the importance of the problem of constructing integral indicators in various problems of econometrics; issues of analysis of the situation by means of a system of indicators are discussed in detail
The article presents a mathematical model of the effect on ion transport electro convection salt in non-smooth camera channel desalting electro dialysis apparatus in the presence of forced convection. The basic rules of process of electro convection are revealed
In this article, we present the fundamental theorem of
arithmetic and its role. We consider various rings for
its performance
In the article, we have suggested a general mathematical model of non-stationary and non-isothermal process of a binary electrolyte transfer in dilute solutions in an electro-membrane system (EMS), taking into account the joint action of gravitational convection, forced convection and electro convection in potential dynamic mode. This model is a boundary problem for a system of two-dimensional quasi-linear Navier-Stokes equation and Nernst-Planck-Poisson in partial derivatives equation. We have developed a theory of similarity of the process of heat and mass transfer in electro-membrane systems, specifically, in a desalting channel of electro dialysis apparatus, taking into account joint actions of concentration polarization, space charge, gravity convection, forced convection and electro convection. It is shown that the criterion of electro convection does not directly depend on the initial concentration, and, therefore, electro convection occurs at any initial concentration. At the same time, the criterion of concentration convection linearly dependents on the initial concentration, and, therefore, at high concentrations, concentration convection prevails, while at lower concentrations, the role of gravitational convection begins to fall whereas the role of electro convection increases. The theory of similarity of the process of heat and mass transfer in the desalting channel of electro dialysis apparatus built in this work taking into account the joint action of concentration polarization, space charge, gravity convection, forced convection and electro convection is important for engineering calculations, for scaling the results of experiments in an electro-membrane cell for industrial electro dialysis water desalting apparatus
Multicriterial formulation for centers placement problem
on many-weighted prefractal graph is proposed. Estimation
of the radial criterion of prefractal graph generated
by seed-star is shown. Polynomial algorithm centers
placement on prefractal graph with preserving contiguity
old edges is suggested. Estimation of computational
complexity of the algorithm and the example of the work
algorithm are considered
Statistical methods are widely used in domestic
feasibility studies. However, for most managers,
economists and engineers, they are exotic. This is
because modern statistical methods are not taught in
the universities. We discuss the situation, focusing
on the statistical methods for economic and
feasibility studies, ie, econometrics. In the world of
science, econometrics has a rightful place. There are
scientific journals in econometrics, Nobel Prizes in
Economics are awarded to series of researches in
econometrics. The situation in the field of scientific
and practical work and especially the teaching of
econometrics in Russia is disadvantaged. Often,
individual particular constructions replace
econometrics in general, such as those related to
regression analysis. In econometrics we select three
types of scientific and applied activities:
development and study of methods of applied
statistics, taking into account the specifics of
economic data; development and study of
econometric models, in accordance with the specific
needs of economic science and practice; the use of
econometric methods for statistical analysis of
specific economic data. This article describes these
three types of scientific and applied activities. We
discuss the specificity of economic data. We show
the importance of economic non-numeric values. We
discuss the statistics of interval data - scientific
direction at the joint of metrology and statistics. We
give the representation of the econometric models.
Problems of application of econometric methods are
considered as an example of inflation. We discuss
the statistics and econometrics as the field of
scientific and practical activities. We have examined
econometric methods in practical and training
activities
The non-local boundary value problem for the second order mixed parabolo-hyperbolic equation with the non-smooth conditions of conjugation has been examined. The uniqueness and the existence of the solution for this problem have been proved
The article presents the simulation results of the metric
of elementary particles, atoms, stars and galaxies in the
general theory of relativity and Yang-Mills theory. We
have shown metrics and field equations describing the
transition to turbulence. The problems of a unified field
theory with the turbulent fluctuations of the metric are
considered. A transition from the Einstein equations to
the diffusion equation and the Schrödinger equation in
quantum mechanics is shown. Ther are examples of
metrics in which the field equations are reduced to a
single equation, it changes type depending on the
equation of state. These examples can be seen as a
transition to the geometric turbulence. It is shown that
the field equations in general relativity can be reduced to
a hyperbolic, elliptic or parabolic type. The equation of
parabolic type describing the perturbations of the
gravitational field on the scale of stars, galaxies and
clusters of galaxies, which is a generalization of the
theory of gravitation Newton-Poisson in case of
Riemannian geometry, taking into account the curvature
of space-time has been derived. It was found that the
geometric turbulence leads to an exchange between
regions of different scale. Under turbulent exchange
material formed of two types of clusters, having positive
and negative energy density that corresponds to the
classical and quantum particle motion respectively.
These results allow us to answer the question about the
origin of the quantum theory