The article presents an estimation of productivity in Russian beekeeping, honey pitching profitability calculation, the results of finding the optimal solution for the first level of automation and mechanization of operations
Features of technical and economic problems of mass use of solar power stations on photo-electric converters and features of possible ways of reduction of the influence of negative factors of the described problems are shown in this article
The role of transport in agricultural production
is considerable. It is a connecting link in a
single technological chain of the agroindustrial
complex of the country (RF AIC). In
intraeconomic transportation in the RF AIC,
along with cars, we widely use tractors.
Rational application of wheeled tractors in
intraeconomic carriage substantiates the
possibility of their movements both on
asphalted and dirt roads. A specific share of
tractor transport in domestic agriculture
amounts 22-27% of the total transport
transportations and 50-60% of intraeconomic
carriage. There is a high level of the usage of
tractor transport in Western European countries
and in the United States. In farms of leading
Western European countries (Germany, Italy,
France and others.) there is about 70-90% of
intraeconomic carriage performed by tractor
transport. One of the most substantial and
difficult tasks is to fight with damage and losses
of agricultural production, in which a very
responsible role has been assigned to
automobile and tractor transport as an important
link in the AIC. According to the analysis of
materials for the preparation and use of potatoes and apples, more than 15-20% of the products
do not reach the consumer. Low quality of the
use of vehicles during transportation is a
problem. Transport costs in the prime cost of
produced products in rural areas reach 30-40%
or more. Lowering them will further influence
the development of the agroindustrial complex.
Thus, the creation of new of scientifically
grounded decisions in designs of vehicles for
intraeconomic carriage that enhance
preservation and performance of potato
harvesting and apples in the conditions of
Russia's AIC is the actual scientific and
technical task. Its solution makes a significant
contribution to the development of the country,
as well as it contributes to the implementation
of breakeven, competitive manufacture
Problems concerning energy saving become more urgent in the connection with permanent increasing of electricity price and enactment of the law regarding energy efficiency and energy saving. Regulated electric drive has been using widely for energy saving within pumping plant. Appropriate equations were carried out for adequate regulation of technology process of water travel and energy supplying. The analysis of criterion function for optimization and efficiency factor for specific elements as well as whole system makes it possible to find out the optimal system parameters and define energy saving work conditions
The calculation of water-supply installations of ma-nure columns is presented in this article. The characte-ristics of commercially available pumps are given. The constructive features of pumps for liquids with solid inclusions are described
Water calculations with an account of quests of water users and water consumers with the supply situation 50, 75, 95 % were done and their results on whole water complex on the branches of economics.
Synchronous generators are the primary source of electrical power autonomous electrosupply systems, including backup systems. They are also used in a structure of rotating electricity converters and are widely used in renewable energy as part of wind power plants of small, mini and micro hydroelectric plants. Increasing the speed and the accuracy of the system of the voltage regulation of synchronous generators is possible due to the development of combined systems containing more stabilizers. The article illustrates the functional schemes of circuit voltage stabilizers and frequency synchronous generators (with electromagnetic excitation and permanent magnet excitation) and describes the features of their work, including two and three-aggregate rotating converters of electricity used in uninterruptible power supply systems. To improve the technical characteristics of the system of stabilization we have proposed functional solutions for stabilizers of synchronous generators made on the base of direct frequency converters and using a transformer with a rotating magnetic field. To improve the reliability of and to improve the operational characteristics of the autonomous independent sources of electricity we suggest creating the main functional blocks and the elements of the stabilization system in a modular way. The functional circuit solutions of voltage regulators of synchronous generators and the characteristics of their work considered in the article, are able to improve the efficiency of pre-design work in the development of new technical solutions for stabilizing the voltage and the frequency in synchronous generators of electrosupply autonomous systems
A promising is currently the use of asynchronous generators with capacitive excitation as a source of electricity in stand-alone power systems. Drive asynchronous generators may exercise as a thermal engine and wind wheel wind power plant or turbines of small hydropower plants. The article discusses the structural and schematics of voltage stabilizers and frequency of asynchronous generators with improved operational and technical specifications. Technical novelty of design solutions of the magnetic system and stabilizers asynchronous generator of electricity parameters confirmed by the patents for the invention of the Russian Federation. The proposed technical solution voltage stabilizer asynchronous generators, can reduce the weight of the block capacitors excitation and reactive power compensation, as well as to simplify the control system power circuit which has less power electronic devices. For wind power plants it is an important issue not only to stabilize the voltage of the generator, but also the frequency of the current. Recommend functionality stabilizer schemes parameters of electric power made for direct frequency converters with artificial and natural switching power electronic devices. It is also proposed as part of stabilization systems use single-phase voltage, three-phase transformers with rotating magnetic field, reduce the level of electromagnetic interference generated by power electronic devices for switching, enhance the efficiency and reliability of the stabilizer.
In the article we have considered the technical solutions of voltage regulators and the frequency of current of the asynchronous generators of the wind power installations executed with the help of the direct frequency transformers. The comparative analysis of them has been carried out as well
In agricultural production, the direction of introduction
of renewable energy for power consumers remote from
the external electrical network is relevant. Here,
prospects are revealed in front of the solar PV stations.
One of the main functional units of solar power is
inverters that convert the DC voltage of the solar
panels into alternating current. The article describes
the advantages and disadvantages of the main methods
of voltage regulation of the autonomous inverters of
solar photovoltaic power plants. We have proposed
new structural designs of autonomous voltage
inverters, described their advantages, features of
design and operation for voltage stabilization. We
suggest stand-alone inverters designed using high
frequency link, which will significantly improve mass
and dimensions parameters of the converter. Due to the
use of single-phase transformer with a rotating
magnetic field in stand-alone inverters, we improve the
efficiency of the converter and the reliability of the
work. Patents of the Russian Federation confirmed the
novelty of technical solutions of the considered
schemes of autonomous voltage inverters. Structural
schematics of the voltage regulators considered in the
article, as well as features of their work, will allow to
increase efficiency of preliminary works on
development of autonomous voltage inverters with
improved operational and technical characteristics for
solar photovoltaic power plants