The article considers the ratio of the fundamental
principles of the state and municipal services at the
present stage of development of the state. It shows the
problem concerning the possibility of expanding the
list of these principles in the Federal laws and their
harmonization
The article notes that in the XIX century by the name of the decree of the Emperor Alexander II there was formed the Kuban area, including the territories of the Black Sea Coast, North-Eastern part of the Kuban and Zakubanye. Based on the opinions of imperial approval of the State Council "On the permission for the Russian citizen of non-army class to settle and acquire property in the lands of the Cossack troops" from April 29, 1868, Kuban as a whole, and the town of Ekaterinodar, in particular, have received a significant increase in population, which meant the prospect of rapid economic development. The article states that in the period from 1869 to 1871 on the territory of the Kuban region there was a judicial reform, which had a result: from the January 1, 1871, alongside with the formation of new courts there were established new court departments of prosecution of the Ekaterinodar District Court. Along with this great transformation, taking place in the police, the Emperor Alexander II, with a view to changes and improvements in the apparatus of the police, approved the "Temporary Regulations for the structure of the police in towns and districts of the provinces, the general establishment of the governed", which provided preservation for the city police exclusively in provincial and major district towns, leaving it under domination of the police chiefs. The rest of the city and the county police subordinated to the county police departments headed by the county police officer
This article deals with the legal status of trade unions
in contemporary society, it reveals the basic functions
of trade unions. It is shown, that the existing labor
legislation and legislation on trade unions is
contradictory, difficult to use, and it can be stated that
it does not meet current realities. The work of the trade
union organization directly depends on how the
evolving state. Any social changes pose new
challenges for trade unions, sometimes require radical
change of priorities, forced again and again looking for
new forms and methods of solving problems, so today
there is very important to assess the role of trade
unions in modern Russia, their values, and legal status.
In addition, in this regard, the authors justify the need
for further improving of labor legislation and
legislation on trade unions, especially regarding the
definition and specification of the tasks and functions
of trade unions. The authors propose to clarify the
definition of "trade union", to consolidate the open list
types of trade union organizations and to define their
functions. In order to strengthen the role of trade
unions, we should require employers not only take into
account the reasoned opinion of the trade unions when
making decisions, but accept local acts only with the
prior permission of trade unions, as well as to establish
administrative responsibility in the case of failure
The article deals with the main reasons, which
obstruct the ability of citizens to realize their
birthright on a necessary defense in the protection
of family members and minors. The article has paid
attention to the importance of the criminological
characteristics of the crimes, with an aim to develop
measures on prevention of criminality. The author
has analyzed socio – demographic characteristics of
the individual, who can use the right of necessary
defense for guard family members and minors,
based on key descriptions (gender, age, level of
education, occupation, marital status. There is a
proposed change in the article 37 of the criminal
code, with a new category of persons – family
members and minors. The author also suggests
reducing the size of the criminal responsibility, in
the article 108 and 114 of the criminal code of the
Russian Federation, to one year for persons who
exceeded the limits of necessary defense, when they
protect family members and minors
More and more goods are sold by the means of the
Internet and other information and telecommunication
networks from year to year. Despite the common
practice to sale goods on websites, a general idea of ecommerce
is not formed in the modern legal science
and the current legislation, the notion ‘electronic
commerce’ itself is missing. The presence of multiple
gaps in the law and the growing number of disputes
have served as a reason for writing this article which
touches the issue of studying e-commerce as one of
the kinds of business activity. The article describes
scientific approaches to the definition of the notion
‘electronic commerce’, the problem the e-commerce
object is raised, the notion ‘electronic transaction’,
general provisions of transactions, performed by the
means of information and telecommunication
networks, are analyzed. The authors have paid
attention to the practice of concluding contracts by the
means of Internet resources, have noted the problem
of the correlation between the content information
posted on the website and the browse-wrap agreement.
The authors consider necessary to legalize of the
notion ‘electronic commerce’, to determine
legislatively its parties and the rules of
implementation. Systematization of the provisions on
electronic commerce can be realized within the scope
of a separate federal law 'On the Rules of Ecommerce.'
Such measures will be able not only to
bring the current pattern of Russian business nearer to
the international standards, but also to raise it to a new
level
The article considers the concept of juridical person of public law in connection with new Civil Code. On the basis of features of juridical person of public law worked out up to today the author analyses the approaches to consolidation of this category in legislation
This article highlights the Bolsheviks's attempts to streamline land relations in the countryside and to direct the peasantry in channel of the collective land using during the period of the NEP. The author shows that these initiatives have not been
successful, whereby the land problems have not been solved. Land in the village was still shared, rented, and actually bough
The authors of the article analyze the nature and
significance of the search activities of the units engaged
in operational investigative activities. They consider
operational investigative activities as a complex system
of operational investigative actions including their
different types according to their subject and goals, the
problems solved and functional peculiarities as well as
the observing (limiting) the rights and freedom of the
participants of the activities. Depending on the specific
tasks an important part of the system of search operations
comprise those which provide detection, prevention and
investigation of crimes, detection of wanted persons and
objects of criminal assault, as well as operational support
of state coercion, appointed by court order . In the theory
of operational and investigative activities, they are
referred to as "reconnaissance actions", and they reveal
the essence of this type in general and search activity
(operational research) in particular. Thus, the authors
share the view expressed in the literature, according to
which the system of reconnaissance and search
operations carried out mainly behind the scenes and
using a particular service, means, methods and forms, is
the essence of operational and investigative activities
In the article we have studied the history of formation and development of concepts of share in the point of property rights; we have also compared civil institu-tions of common property, plurality of persons in the obligations, joint authorship, and joint ownership of property rights. The author proves the need for a new legal institution of common possession of property rights
The aim of this article is to identify the main trends of the influence of illegal use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances to the crime. We considered the basic problems of drug addiction in the population, the spread of drug-crime relationship addiction and crime. The actual study of illicit use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances on crime is built
methodologically on the following positions: comparative-legal and socio-political, general and private scientific and statistical information. In our view, the main point needs to be done to identify the causes and conditions conducive to the spread of drug addiction and drug crime. We have to determine the
main trends of the illicit use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances to the crime and define the core area formation of the Russian anti-drug policies, taking into account the impact of demand (drug use) to proposal (drug crime), and feedback between drug supply and abuse of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances