The work is done in scientific and practical directions
for minimization of power losses in transmission of
electricity to local distribution networks between the
actors of the energy (producers and consumers) of
energy-saving technologies focused on technological
activities such as modernization and reconstruction of
networks. Quite often in various circuits of power
systems, it is advisable to transfer energy and its power
through intermediate (transit) nodes. Structural
changes in the electricity sector, at present, are mainly
associated with the introduction of market relations
between the subjects of energy exchange; therefore, in
this work special attention is paid to the problem of
calculating the power losses, as it is nonlinearly
dependent on the power at the nodes and branches of a
network. It should be noted that the nodes in problems
transit capacity could be both sources and consumers.
The latter necessitated the need for search of possible
ways to reduce transportation losses of energy due to
both the improvement and optimization of distribution
networks and through the use of intermediate transit
nodes. It follows that the transportation problem in this formulation is more General and expands the
possibilities of optimization of power losses for the
local subsystems of the energy clusters. The work is
composed of the transport matrix for solving problems
transit capacity, where the algorithm taking into
account the distinctive features of which consist in the
use of continuous numbering of sources and
consumers in the matrix, and any node can be a transit
country. The transit capacity ii-th node Zii=0, and the
dimension of the matrix in contrast to the previously
considered tasks has (n+m) (n+m) and it remains
square as all the transport problems of linear
programming. Transit variables Xii are included in the
solution of the problem with a minus sign, and all
transit variables are considered basic. From the above
example in the work of a number of branches of a
network is minimal, which significantly reduces the
cost of building and maintaining the network, and the
solver minimizes the power loss between the subjects
of energy exchange and, as a result to savings from the
standpoint of cost of construction of the network and
the management of overflows of energy in it
The article discusses the features of design and
operation in the different modes of functioning of
autonomous hybrid power plants based on renewable
and traditional energy sources. We have given a
structural scheme of such a plant. It is shown that the
algorithm of the system in the autumn-winter period
should be adjusted according to the monthly
monitoring; and standby generator of independent
source can be run at a deeper discharge of batteries. It
is known that the most expensive and the weakest link
in the solar PV plants is rechargeable battery. In
addition, the larger the number they have in the
system, the more complicated the fulfillment of all
conditions of proper operation is. We have proposed
to extend the lifetime of batteries through the use of
passive balancing, which allows to increase the
reliability of operation and reduce the cost. It is
shown that a real possibility of improving the
technical and economic performance of autonomous
hybrid power plants is their execution on the basis of
solar photovoltaic power plants. We have also
discussed the features of construction and operation
of hybrid power plants, which will increase the
efficiency of preliminary works on development of
high-performance structural circuit design of the
stations
The article considers a solution for an
economy prognosis formation task in
different industries and service sector. In
addition, it contains a review of
mechanism of an intersectoral balance and
theoretical components of V.V. Leontief
linear economic model of intersectoral
balance. Premises of mathematiceconomical
apparatus usage and practical
usage in economy planning of many world
countries and also results of this apparatus
working making that countries’ economic
condition “almost balanced” are studied.
Inferences of “Input–Output” method
significance in economy planning for
company groups and country in general are
made in this article too.
Solution of program product for
calculations and analysis development
necessity is substantiated. In this program,
output of reports is envisaged. Practical
example of intersectoral balance task with
the developed program is given in article
and accuracy of calculations is approved.
Program product structure and
development tools are described. The
program can be used as a tutorial for
students studying on economical directions
for economic indicators calculation
experience gaining
Signals with the sinusoidal minimum (frequency)
shift-keying (SMSK) which impulse form depends on
parameter µ are considered. Expression for power
spectral density (PSD) of SMSK signals at various
values of parameter µ is obtained. Results of PSD calculations
and effective bandwidth of signals by various
criteria are presented
Analytical survey has revealed that technologies of
flaxseed oil processing used nowadays are able to
produce technical flaxseed oil if the output is high and
food flaxseed oil if the output is low. The objective of
this work is to reason the most effective method to
increase the output of food flaxseed oil while keeping
its quality high. In this article a comparison has been
made between single cold pressing of flaxseeds
without preliminary preparation with microwave
processing, as well as traditional (conductive) heating
with traditional heating under vacuum. The object of
the research is samples of flaxseeds (high quality
variety VNIIMK-620 which contains 56.28% of
linolenic acid in its fatty acid composition. It has been
established, that the use of preliminary microwave
processing enables to increase the output of oil
compared to a single cold pressing without any
processing, whereby the mass content of oil in oil cake
can be reduced by 2.2%. At the same time the
indicators of acid number and peroxide value are
increased by 0,05 mg KOH/g and 0.37 mmol of
active oxygen/kg correspondingly. Preliminary
traditional heating of seeds before cold pressing
enables to increase the output of oil, though not
considerably, compared with preliminary microwave
processing. At the same time the changes in acid
number and peroxide value are similar to cold pressing
with microwave processing. The use of vacuum when heating seeds in a traditional way does not influence
the output of flaxseed oil but enables to decrease acid
number and peroxide value to the level which is
characteristic for the oil in original seeds. Thus, it is
reasonable to use preliminary microwave processing
under vacuum before cold pressing with the view to
produce food flaxseed oil of high quality in terms of
oxidative deterioration and the increase of its output
The system of the main handling of the soil on an agrolandscape basis in the conditions of Kuban is analyzed and in relation to it the technical supply promoting competitive production of crop production is proved. Conservation and expanded production of humus of the Kuban chernozems is possible only in case of observance of recommendations and the balanced biologically adaptive system of agriculture providing improvement of water and physical and chemical properties of the arable land in various agrolandscapes due to observance of crop rotations, the technology space, the boardless, surface and "zero" treatments with creation of a favorable phytosanitary situation, use of a crop residue remaining balance, green manure, a fertilizer, manure and composts. The application was recommended in the system and technicians of new generation with automated control systems and work quality control, the sparing tradable systems, admissible weight with use of navigation aids and GPS is proved. We have suggested a system machine for soil cultivation in the Kuban region, it radically changes technologies, reduces the nomenclative list of the used equipment, facilitates servicing and operation of machines, improves rhythm, threading of production processes and complexity of the performed works. All this promotes decrease in capital investments and a work gain in productivity. The offered technical supply of system of the main handling of the soil for conditions of the Krasnodar region is proved taking into account agrolandscapes and evidence-based system of agriculture, auxiliary the main component - resource-saving system of the tillage machines which are qualitatively carrying out agrorequirements, reducing costs and promoting the increased product competitiveness of crop production
The article presents innovative technologies and developed methods and devices for drying chicken manure. Ways of their optimization on the basis of screw aggregates and a calculation technique for introduction in production are offered. The results of a long-term research into the search for and development of innovative technologies for the construction of a methodology for calculating not only a device for drying chicken manure with subsequent introduction into production, but also a device for drying bulk materials of agricultural purpose are shown. An example of thermal calculation and selection of the parameters of a drying device is shown on the basis of screw aggregates
Using queuing theory (QT) for the new technology of harvesting of grain crops by the method of «Neveyka», the method of optimal designing of maintenance system and elimination of failures of units used in cleaning technology and post-harvest processing of grain has been considered. On the basis of a systematic approach, taking into account the probabilistic nature of the change of operating factors the methodical directions of validity test of the adoption of the Poisson distribution in the calculation of operating modes were substantiated to optimize maintenance level units and eliminate failures in the operation of the machines, the probability of failure-free operation of harvesting and transport aggregates. The probability of failure-free operation of each type of units used in the cleaning of grain depends on their number and intensity of service. According to the numerical value the probability of failure-free operation of units is equal to the probability of idle units for maintenance and elimination of failures. Since it is impossible to determine separately the value of the probability of failure-free operation for all types of units and all kinds of services at different operating conditions the generalized solution has been offered, this solution is applicable to any serviced unit during both the technical inspection and elimination of failures. By specifying the desired value of the probability of failure-free operation of harvesting units, according to their number we can determine the appropriate ratio between the average length of service and the average period of time between incoming service requirements (technical inspection and elimination of failures) from one unit
Sanitization of eggs is an essential way to fight bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms. Hatchability of eggs and the safety of day-old chicks are dependent on the quality of eggs processing. Leading scientists of our country have proved high efficacy of ozone application for processing of hatching eggs. To obtain a positive result by this method of sanitizing hatching eggs ozone, it is necessary to create a uniform concentration of ozone around the egg store volume. Decrease in ozone concentration from the set point may result in insufficient exposure to pathogens and because of this, may reduce hatchability. Significant excess of ozone concentration from the set point can kill the embryo. Because of mathematical modeling of electro eggs ozone treatment process, there was a mathematical model of the process of electroozonation of egg stores of poultry farms. This model takes into account decomposition of ozone on the surface of eggs and decomposition of ozone on the walls of an egg store. This mathematical model proves the desired control action at different initial data, such as: the required concentration of ozone in the egg store, the number of eggs, egg store geometric dimensions, the fan power, the design parameters of the discharge unit, the location of the ozone generator in the room
The carried out analysis studies the influence of
various factors on the preservation of
agricultural products and shows that it is largely
determined by design features of machinery and
technological methods of use. The efficiency of
agricultural and mobile trailer machines has
been forming by service and storage. Low
quality of work associated with the storage of
agricultural machines is conditioned by the fact
that the lack of financial capacity of rural
producers on acquisitions of modern equipment
and materials for carrying out the preparation of
for long storage, and also the construction of
modern agricultural machinery storage sites. If
a car can be fully or partially protected from the
solar radiation, rain and snow, simply by
removing it in the room, under a canopy or
covered with a protective cover, by the
formation of condensation on the surface of the
machine units and parts these ways to protect
do not work. Enhancing of preservation of
agricultural machinery is possible when
protecting the vehicles from atmospheric
precipitation in the form of snow and rain,
influence of solar radiation, and also due to the
change heat exchange processes of the machine with the environment that prevents the
formation of moisture condensate on its surface,
ie. we have to create conditions when cooling
rate at which the surface of the machine would
be equal to or less the rate of cooling air. This is
possible through the use of a special design,
which would prevent the intense heat radiation
of the machine into the environment, ie, would
reflect heat rays using its surface and return
them to its surface and thus fulfill the role of the
heat shield