The article describes the process of creation of an adaptive control system with a reference model to stabilize the temperature of drying agent. It is shown that the closed systems work with the operated models is quite satisfactory and therefore can be implemented in production. The increase of the gain of the controller allows reducing the duration of the transition process by one third, almost without changing the dynamic cast
The article is a study of digital continuous system and
optimization of digital control systems. It is shown that
the standard in the synthesis of digital systems should
provide a continuous system, so first we need to create
the desired continuous system and then we could try to
get the digital system closer to it
The article considers the problems of determining the
settings area of the control device, which ensure stable
operation of the closed system. It shows the solution to
the problem using the enhanced amplitude-phase characteristics.
The proposed method of finding the domain
of stability of parameters of the control device is
more simple than classical methods and allows, in
general, to find conditions for the stability, not to test
the system for stability under given parameters
The article deals with the study of the influence of the
elastic damping mechanism (EDM) on the operability
index for arable MTU on the basis of the 1,4 class
tractor. The elastic damping mechanism was designed
in order to smooth the aggregate starting, to reduce the
dynamic load in transmission, to protect the engine
from the external load vibration. The experimental
results that were obtained while full-scale field studies
of serial and test (containing EDM in transmission)
machines are given in the article. Various oscillograms
are analyzed: torque on the axis of tractor's driving
wheel, tractive effort, the speed of the driving wheel,
angular velocity of engine shaft and haulage. The
mass-spectrum analysis was carried out to study the
tractor characteristics in time more thoroughly. Such
analysis allows to evaluate qualitatively the EDM
influence. The normalized autocorrelation function and
spectrum density of variation in time are studied in
details for the following MTU characteristics: the
wheel torque, haulage and tractive effort. These
characteristics were compared with analogous
characteristics for serial MTU model. The obtained
results confirm that the EDM use in the tractor
transmission has a positive effect on the functional
MTU indexes. Obtained data can be used in
mathematical modeling of MTU functioning
Control of the movement and positioning are the most intensive tasks of automatic control and regulation. However, these problems must be solved in the automation objects such as assembly and production lines, manufacturing machines, conveyors, hoisting machines, packaging machines, filling lines for liquids, metal-working machines. One problem lies in the fact that all the real drives are connected to the actuators with not perfectly tough shafting, but has some elasticity. This leads to the difficulty of motion of the executive body of the drive automatic control systems which consists of signal source generating signal due optimum speed diagrams for small movements of electric drive’s actuating device and automatic regulation system, which allows to work out optimum speed diagrams for small movements of electric drive’s actuating device with ultra-precision. In this article were developed optimum speed diagram for small movements of ultra-precise electric drive with elastic shafting. Were have identified all parameters of diagrams and its range of existence and also developed a device for generating the optimum speed diagram for small movements of ultra-precise electric drive with elastic shafting. The implementation of the proposed hardware software complex will significantly improve the accuracy of motion actuators of various ultra- precise DC drives
The article is dedicated to the determination of
conditions for solid bodies’ fragmentation, providing
minimal size of particles by means of their mechanical
dispersion through the example of powders of titanium
carbide (TiC), cubic boron nitride – borazon (CBN)
and boron carbide (B4C). The theoretical and practical
aspects of the process of mechanical fragmentation of
particles of solid powder materials in ball mill for their
further utilization in furnace charge for high-speed
gas-flame sputtering of wear-resistant composite
materials are examined in the article. Methods of
preliminary calculation of minimum allowable size of
solid particles of powder materials during mechanical
fragmentation, based upon Griffiths’ mechanical
theory of rapture using experimental data for hardness
of material and its yield are proposed and theoretically
substantiated. There we have the results of
experiments on mechanical fragmentation of titanium
carbide in attritor, boron carbide and cubic boron
nitride in centrifugal planetary mill, confirming
correctness of theoretical propositions and calculations
are set out. Recommendations on mechanical
fragmentation of solid powder materials in ball mills
are formulated as well
The development of agricultural production inevitably
entails an increasing volume of traffic and a turnover of
goods. Therefore, the issues of increasing transport
efficiency, reducing the price of transportations and
improving productivity acquire great importance.
In most cases, supersize dump trucks used for the
transport of agricultural production have much more than 6 tons axle load. Thus, these cars need to have
roads with improved surface to each field, which
undoubtedly is a significant drawback. Because of the
extra movements of harvester dump trucks on the
turning strip at the end of the field, it increases expenses
of damage and loss of crops and the arrival of heavy
machinery in the field leading to soil compaction, that
in the end affects the future crop. Transportation of
agricultural commodities is most effective when the car
arrives directly to the harvester machinery. Such
vehicles must have sufficient abilities and capacity of
the body comparable with the volume of a combine
hopper and has no significant impact on soil sealing.
With this method, harvesters do not make extra
movements and are not idle. Basic requirements for
vehicles used in the harvesting potatoes, are in a more
productive use due to increasing the capacity and
reducing downtime when loading or unloading and
minimizing the level of damage to other tubers. For the
transportation of agricultural products there is a
different transport technology, which either do not fully
meets the requirements of transportation of highly
fragile product, or has a significant cost. Therefore, we
require a specially equipped vehicle bodies, with a
competitive ability in the range acceptable to the
Russian Federation. As one of the innovative
developments, this article proposes a tipper body of the
vehicle for transportation of highly fragile agricultural
products. The proposed design solution for the tipper
ensures a uniform unloading of transported products
from the vehicle body and prevents arching issues
The article discusses the relevance of the
development of the methodological apparatus of
analysis and evaluation of the functioning of
complex organizational and technical systems, as
well as methods of forming a set of dynamic optimal
control models
At calculations, we have used the next assumptions: 1.
Not excluded systematic errors distributed with equal
probability; 2. Random errors are normally distributed;
3. Total error is the composition of not excluded
systematic and random errors. In calculating of
measurement error of pressure, we proceeded from
working formula. The confidence interval of each
variable less than instrumental error, therefore, to
characterize the total error of the measured value P, we
use the instrumental errors of all variables. In
estimating of temperature measurement error was
consider the systematic and random error. To estimate
random error we used measurement data of the specific
volume of water on six isotherms. Obtained values
were compared with published data. As an approximate
estimate of the random error of our experimental data,
we can take it as a total for all the isotherms of the
specific volume in comparison with the published data.
For studied fractions confidence limit of total error of
measurement results located in the range of 0,03 ч
0,1%. At temperatures close to the critical increasing
influence of errors of reference and the error associated
with the introduction of corrections on the thermal
expansion of the piezometer. In the two-phase area
confidence limit of total error increases and located
between 0,08 ч 0,15%. This is due to the sharp increase
in this area of reference error of pressure and error in
determining to the weight of the substance in the
piezometer
The industrial safety on cereal production is currently
important due to the severity of the consequences of
accidents occurring to them. It should be noted that,
despite the considerable efforts of recent years,
awareness-raising and supervisory plan towards
preventing their occurrence, the lack of attention of
organizations operating hazardous production facilities
to comply with the relevant standards and
requirements allows us to characterize the recent
situation in this area quite difficult, as evidenced by
statistics. In this article it is clearly illustrated the
qualitative and quantitative expression of such an
approach in practice. The conceptual framework is
disclosed in the light of efforts to carry out industrial
safety examination in the conformity assessment of
hazardous industrial facilities according to industrial
safety requirements in the Russian Federation. The
basic methods and technical means used for the
prevention of accidents at hazardous production
facilities of storage and processing of plant raw
materials provide an overview of domestic and foreign
producers. The item-description of the system of
protection of buildings and facilities of hazardous
production facilities is given taking into account the
industry specifics. There are specified the key factors
meeting modern technical requirements, cost-based
position of enterprises, ensuring conditions for safe
operation of the storage and processing of plant raw
materials