The aim of the research is the determination of rational technology of post-harvest treatment of seeds of sunflower. Existing technologies that are implemented in grain cleaning units and complexes for the preparation of seed material type GCM (Voronezhselmash), "Polyma" (Belarus) and others perform seed treatment by sequential processing on all cleaning machines. Return at any point not provided, it is necessary to conduct repeated handling throughout the chain of cars that leads to the reduction of seed yield, decreased performance and increased injury to seed. Research Institute of oil crops designed container technology in universal seed cleaning complex, eliminates these disadvantages and allows finishing the processing of seed material at the time of matching seeds with the requirements of GOST at any stage. In seed output pneumatic sorting machines MOS-9N, which is seed cleaning complex that contained diseased seeds that differ from healthy seeds by color and lowered their quality. To improve the quality of seed material was applied photoelectron separator F 5.1, followed by separation of sunflower seeds on the dimension fraction (Ø7-Ø8 mm, Ø8-Ø9мм). In the result of the research container technology with subsequent fractionation of sunflower seeds on the separator at the final stage of their processing improves the yield of highly certified seeds from 92.90 to 93.20 % compared 91,20 % (without fractionation) and reduce the content of their departure from 68,83 to 65,60 % compared 85,52 % (without fractionation) depending on size fraction
Traditional processing technology of piles of sunflower seeds in agriculture requires consecutive through the whole set seed-cleaning machines installed in seed-cleaning complex or aggregate, for each stage of which are organic impurity, broken seeds, shriveled and milled seeds. The seeds of the main culture are subjected to long-time effects of the working bodies, leading to their injury and the necessity of manning the production line machines the same performance that is not rational. One of the ways to enhance the process of separating the seed material in seed-cleaning complex is its fractionation by applying photoelectron separator at the final stage of seed treatment. Qualitative performance of photoelectron separator on fractional technology showed that the purity of the seeds varied from 99.80 up to 99.98% depending on their size Ø7–Ø8 mm Ø8–Ø9 mm, respectively. The content of seeds of the main culture in the waste ranged from 65.60 % (fraction Ø7–Ø8 mm) to 68.83 % (fraction Ø8–Ø9мм). The weight of 1000 seeds ranged from 117 g (fraction Ø7–Ø8 mm) to 146 g (fraction Ø8–Ø9мм). Seeds obtained in fractions and existing technology (without fractionation) meet the requirements of GOST. The output of treated seeds in the fractionation varied from 93.20 % (fraction Ø7–Ø8 mm) to 92,90 % (fraction Ø8–Ø9 mm). Comparative tests of photoelectron separator F 5.1 in seed-cleaning complex by the division of sunflower seeds on the existing and fraction technology showed that in the photoelectron separator it is necessary to use fractional technology. So, as it allows reducing the content in waste of seeds of the main culture and increase the qualities of seeds depending on their size fractions
Introduction of mineral fertilizers is performed by centrifugal devices. By quantity of disks, centrifugal devices distinguish one disk and two-disk. On the volume of capacities for storage of mineral fertilizers distinguish bunker and body. Bunker contains volume from 0.5 to 1.5m3. Body has capacity more 2m3. Advantages of bunker centrifugal devices are noted. Material from the bunker moves on a centrifugal disk perpendicular to the rotation plane. At the time of material capture by shovels, crushing of particles and their reflection from shovels and the plane of a disk takes place. It leads to increase in unevenness of introduction of mineral fertilizers. At EMTP chair of the Kuban GAU the centrifugal device with supply of material along shovels is developed. The scheme of the centrifugal device is submitted. A device for introduction of mineral fertilizers contains the one-disk centrifugal device, the cone-shaped bunker and the cylindrical batcher. The batcher gate regulates supply of material on a disk. The technique of determination of design and technological data of the developed design is presented. The place of supply of material on a disk is regulated by rotation of the batcher round a vertical axis. The norm of supply of material on a disk changes the batcher gate. Preliminary control of a place of giving is made on model material with coefficient of friction of f 1. Under production conditions, turn of the batcher from initial situation is made depending on coefficient of friction of the f2 fertilizers.
At f1 ˃ f2 turn of the batcher against the direction of rotation of a disk, and at f1 ≤ f2 turn of the batcher in the direction of rotation of a disk
The absence of theoretical bases for interaction of the
magnetic field and cellular mechanism, the lack of an
effective way to determining the results of this action
has led to the creation of a large number of machines
and devices of electromagnetic influence on
biological objects of vegetable and animal origin.
Many of them are contain special generators and
inductors developed for a specific type of object. By
means of these constructions, used in electro
technological processes at agricultural companies of
the Kuban region, we increase productivity of
different crops, increase productivity of animals and
poultry, change the physical and chemical properties
of liquids and solutions, conducted in boiler water
preparation. A distinctive feature of the
electromagnetic field processing of objects of
biological origin is sufficiently high efficiency of
outcomes at insignificant energy costs. All this
foreshadows further improve the long-term
development and research in this area. By analyzing
the existing devices, it can be concluded, that all of
presently available designs for electromagnetic
treatment are classified by a common attribute - a
method for creating a magnetic field. The lack of
reliable, logically complete theory of influence of
electromagnetic influence on biological systems
agricultural purpose and the availability of practical
recommendations when to use inductors working on
constant, and when the AC has led to the fact that to
obtain the necessary effect, share the same devices
have become connected to various sources of supply
The necessity of an exact determination of their parameters and characteristics appear in the connection with the extension of the sphere of application of solar photovoltaic modules in some cases. It is reasonable to use the method of computer modeling for the analysis of characteristics of specific solar modules at different levels of illumination and values of temperature. In the article there was presented the order of working out of a simulation model of photovoltaic modules in the medium Matlab/Simulink. The simulation model is based on the basis of pentaparametric analytical model of the volt-ampere characteristics of a solar cell. The worked out model allows to research the volt-ampere and volt-watt characteristics of solar modules in dependence on levels of intensity of solar radiation, temperature, values of short-circuit current, tension of single step, internal resistances of solar elements and a diode parameter as well. The discrepancy of data of results of modeling with technical characteristics does not exceed 7%
The article considers the problem of reforestation on of processing stations, such as coupe, gully and mountain slopes. To improve the efficiency of the planting work proposed a construction of universal soil-processing instrument (USPI), is able to form discrete planting spot in the form of spot mounding in conditions temporarily humid soil or spot area (with removal of the top layer) on drained soils with simultaneous formation of planting cup for planting of forest plantation. For assessing effectiveness of his work, there was developed an experimental sample of the USPI and conducted its field trials. During the two-factor solution of the problem of optimization of the performance of the USPI there were selected optimization criteria, namely performance, quality and economic feasibility of work instrument, as well as the varied parameters exerting the most influence. To detection the analytical dependences between these parameters, we have performed a series of nine experiments, performed the approximation of functions by polynomials of second order. The result was obtained analytical formulas characterizing the influence of the varied parameters of the USPI on the quality of his work. Also, we have found graphical surfaces response and performed a visual analysis , which allowed determining the optimal values of the varied parameters of the USPI
The article investigates the experience of
implementing automated control systems, which
indicates that at the system design phase, it is difficult
to choose a single criterion of control. Therefore, in the
control system it should be possible to quickly set the
criterion during operation, and methods of assignment
should clearly reflect the agronomic, economic and
technical requirements for the system. Thus, modern
control system should allow to define not only one of
the above control criteria, or a combination, but any
other arising in the production process, providing
agronomist-technologist opportunities in choosing a
method of maintaining temperature and humidity
conditions in the greenhouse. Greenhouse is a fastpaced
environment and the state largely depends on
the intensity of sunlight, humidity, direction and wind
speed, the number of fertilized soil and its humidity.
Competent and correct management of these
parameters is a complex task and involves certain
costs, but in the end allows you to benefit many times
greater than the costs. The developed system called
"Microclimate" will have a positive effect on any
hosted sites, as it allows to increase energy efficiency
and reduce fuel costs for heating greenhouses,
electricity, water
The article considers prerequisites for the development
of complex software and tools for data analysis,
modeling, forecasting and management decision
making in the management of IT-projects. System of
decision support can facilitate the work of heads of
enterprises and increase its efficiency. They
significantly accelerate the solution of problems in
business. In the organization, there is a software
complex, which suggests that the transmission of
information about incoming orders and deadlines for
every Department and information on the
implementation of the orders of the head is performed
via the software package. Using software system, the
client leaves a request for the execution of services.
The Manager sends a request to the appropriate
Department. Units, in turn, convey information about
the status of the application via the software package.
The software package provides fast remote bilateral
communication in electronic form between the client
and Manager and between Manager and the
departments. In a company, the head and head of
sector perform the coordination of work in
implementation of IT projects. However, there are a
number of human factors that make people cannot
keep track of the timely execution of all requests from
subordinates
The purpose of research – the development of models
and methods of multiparametrical diagnostic the
research activities of scientific and pedagogical
collectives of educational institutions. The
problematics of research is improving the quality and
productivity (the efficiency) of research activities in
educational institutions. The problem of research is the
question of how to objectively and comprehensively
(in a complex) diagnose the research activities of
scientific and pedagogical collectives? The urgency of
solving specified problem is caused by the need to
ensuring a close relationship between research,
methodological and educational activities in
educational institutions. We have also to consider the
increasing role of clusters in the Russian economy,
cooperation and integration levels (steps) a system of
continuous education, etc. The authors identified the
parameters reflecting significance of research activities
of the scientific and the pedagogical collectives for the
scientific and educational community (social megaenvironmental).
When allocating indicators the authors
took into account that science - the social and cultural
phenomenon and the social institution, and the most
important aspect of the significance of the research
activity - in the innovative development of various
spheres of human activity. The applied methods of
research: mathematical modeling; methods of the
theory of graphs, sets and relations; methods of
"artificial intelligence" and the multi-parameter analysis of systems; methods of quality control (theory
of latent variables). Methodological bases of research:
systemic, cultural, competence, metasystem,
sociological, qualimetric and synergetic approaches
The article presents the results of the analytical
research of the movement of components of forages in
screw drums on the example of relative reels of
Rts7.1.A and Rts5.1a having the next feature: on the
perimeter, we have obviously expressed conditionally
cylindrical screw lines formed. The carried-out
analysis of the movement of particles of components
of forages in relative screw drums and the executed
review of mathematical models in relation to the
movement of components of forages in relative screw
drums, including a model of a continuous stream of
particles of components of forages, a model of power
balance of the movement of a continuous stream of
particles of components of forages, a model of the
movement of components of forages as a material
point has been shown. Analytical dependences for
determination of longitudinal speed of movement of
components of forages and the length of a relative
screw drum are presented. The article examines
specified settlement models of the movement of
components of forages in relative screw drums