Nowadays, in Russia the problem of utilization of self-propelled vehicles has not been solved yet. This problem remains because in Russia there is no accurate system of cooperation between developers, producers and customers of mechanical products. The article analyses Russian and foreign experience in solving this issue, gives brief information about working out Russian system of agricultural machines utilization
The performance indicators of a trading company in
physical and monetary terms is significantly affected
by the types and volumes of purchased and sold
products, and which she purchased suppliers and the
consumers sold. However, the solution to the problem
of choosing the rational range of products faces
considerable cost of computational and human
resources, and lack of baseline data, and in real
dimensions this problem has no solution. The paper
proposes such a solution is very economical in costs of
different types of resources based on the application of
information theory, cognitive and control theory
In this article, we have given the strategy of diversification
of agricultural production assuming addition of
traditional branches of specialization by new branches;
the priority direction of diversification of activity of
development of rural territories - construction of
greenhouses and cultivation of vegetables has been
described. The constructive calculations confirming
economic feasibility of the investments directed to the
diversification of activity of the enterprise connected
with cultivation of tomatoes in greenhouses are made:
range of prices for products is considered (tomatoes),
calculation of needs for investments is made, future
payments on the credit are calculated, need for personnel
of future project, potential efficiency of implementation
of the project on cultivation of tomatoes, the net
specified value of the investment project and the discounted
payback period (calculation of NPV and IRR
of the investment project) is defined, articles of expenses
are submitted, the main indicators of profitability
are considered, it has been defined as far as the
project is sensitive to change of cost of investments on
NPV indicator
The article deals with the issues of comparing the terms of ACS and IS with reference to automation in agriculture. In the technical literature, at conferences, in educational disciplines of higher education institutions, such terms as: information systems (IS), information technologies (IT), automated control systems (ACS) are often encountered. These terms are widely applied to the relevant objects in the subject areas under consideration. The area of coverage of the objects using these terms is very wide and in each case the definition of the applied term is either not specified at all considered self-explanatory, or the term is defined with various levels of detalization. In the latter case, the thoughtful researcher falls into some confusion or generally tries not to touch upon this question. In the article, on the basis of a review of known literary sources, it is shown which concepts are denoted by these terms when considering automation issues in agriculture. The subject of the study is the use of the terms IT, IS, ACS in works on automation in agriculture. The subject of the study is questions of comparison of the terms ACS and IS. The aim of the study is to indicate that automated IS is a more general concept than ACS
Mathematical modeling is one of the leading places among methods of research of economic systems and processes. The article considers the main management problem of the rocket-space complex in modern conditions and gives a brief description of this problem in conjunction with the tasks of innovative modernization and financial sustainability of enterprises of the complex. We have considered a common situation where the enterprises of the rocket-space complex in implementation of its development is carrying out an investment project, the financing of which is taken from a loan. It is proved that the implementation of this project can be appropriate, if as a result of the implementation the net present value of the enterprise increases. We have developed a model, which provides optimization of financial providing of high-tech enterprises of the rocket-space complex in the implementation of their modernization project taking into account the specifics of the use of own and borrowed funds
Photovoltaic devices are a promising solution
to the energy crisis, because they generate
electricity directly from sunlight, without
producing CO2. While color-sensitized
batteries are the most studied element, mainly
due to its low cost and high efficiency solar
energy conversion into electricity. Until
recently, the color-sensitized solar cells
performance was less than 1%, however, the
use of titanium dioxide as the anode material
have greatly raised their efficiency. The
advantages of titanium dioxide is primarily in
the low cost, but its use provides high light
capture efficiency, with external quantum
efficiency (efficiency incident photon -
charge), usually in the range of 60-90% using
nanocrystal forms in comparison with
We have studied the question of the electromagnetic
structure of a relativistic electron in connection with
the Yang-Mills theory. From the Lorentz
electrodynamics equations of and Dirac electron
theory derived an equation describing nonlinear
waves of the scalar potential. It is shown that this
equation is similar to the equation describing the
dynamics of the condensate in the Yang-Mills theory.
There is also the connection to the Schrödinger
equation: the scalar potential is a complex function,
similar to the wave function in the Schrödinger
theory. The model discussed electron is a solitary
wave that occurs in the electromagnetic field. This
wave has the properties of charged particles, able to
interact with the external electric and magnetic field.
An analytical solution describing solitary
electromagnetic waves traveling at a speed less than
the speed of light has been obtained. The existence of
solitary electromagnetic waves consistent with the
Hertz's hypothesis that suggested that cathode rays
are a form of wave motion in an electromagnetic
field. The proposed model of the electromagnetic
structure of the electron thus solves the problem of
duality wave-particle, which historically arose in the
interpretation of experiments with cathode rays.
Numerical modeling of electromagnetic electron
structure shows that the initial state such as a
spherical shell is unstable and disintegrates into a pair
of nonlinear waves that leave the system with the
speed of light. In the decay of the initial state
concentrated in the neighborhood of the origin, waves
of complex part of potential disappear with time, but
a real part of the potential it tends to equilibrium
The article presents the long-term data (2007-2015.)
biometric aboveground plant parts and the estimation of
the prospects of the three introduced botanical species
of juniper and recommendations for their use in
landscape design. We have established very promising,
promising and unpromising varieties for landscaping in
the conditions of the foothill zone of the Krasnodar
region out of 16 varieties of juniper species: China,
ordinary and rock
Creation of artificial intelligence systems is one of
important and perspective directions of development
of modern information technology. As there are
many alternatives to artificial intelligence systems,
there is a need to evaluate mathematical models of
these systems. In this work, we present a solution of
the problem of identifying classes of salary levels of
employees depending on their characteristics. To
achieve this goal it requires free access to test the
source data and methodology, which will help to
convert the data into the form needed for work in
artificial intelligence systems. A good choice is a
database of test problems for systems of artificial
intelligence of UCI repository. In this work we used
the database called "Wine Data Set" from the Bank's
original task of artificial intelligence from repository
UCI. The most reliable in this application was the
model of the INF4 based on semantic, according to
A. Kharkevich, integral criteria of "Amount of
knowledge". The accuracy of the model is 0,916,
which is much higher than the reliability of expert
evaluations, which is equal to about 70%. To assess
the reliability of the models in the ASC-analysis and
the system of "Eidos" we used the F-criterion of van
Ritbergen and fuzzy multiCLASS generalization
proposed by Professor E. V. Lutsenko (L-measure)
There was shown the necessity of achievement of
criterion of food safety of the RF. There were
formulated the main aims and tasks of state agrarian
policy of Russia. There were appeared the main tasks
of the Doctrine of food safety. There was given the
characteristic of qualitative condition of Krasnodar
region lands – liability of erosion processes, decrease
of humus content. There was proven the first-priority
necessity of transition from zonal system of land
management to adaptive-landscape one. The theory of
adaptive-landscape was determined as a basis of
innovation technology of agricultural commodity
production growth. There was formulated the problem
of development of methodology of ecologicaleconomic
justification of the transition of the
agricultural sector of the region to the adaptivelandscape
system of agriculture. Using GIStechnologies
there were used the areas due to types of
lands and degrees of erosion processes in limits of
three natural landscapes. There were cited the naturalclimatic,
soil and ecological peculiarities of natural
landscapes I, II, III. There were offered the ecological
coefficients additionally characterizing the types and
degree of erosion processes. There was calculated the
ratio of lands – arable lands: forest: meadow in limits
of natural landscapes. There was done the ecological
–economic assessment of arable land crop rotation
recommended by the “System of land management of
Krasnodar region” in 2015. Recommended for natural
landscapes field crop rotations per 1 ha of arable land
provide the annual value of gross output of 32.3 - 37.0
thousand rubles, net income - 11.5-12.9 thousand
rubles, the levels of profitability - 52.4-55.4 per cent.
The proposed crop rotations provide a positive
balance of humus. Further studies are needed to
clarify the methodology of design of adaptivelandscape
farming systems, the development of
fodder and special types of crop rotations, agrocomplexes
design of erosion control measures,
differentiated by natural landscapes and agricultural
landscapes, considering the type and intensity of
erosion processes are required