We have studied the germination and the nature of germination of seeds of 20 species of FAM. Rosaceae. A wide range of germination characterizes their seeds: rapid, slow, with very poor or no germination. Laboratory germination of seeds stored at room temperature for 6-7 months have 80-100% - 8 species, 66-77% - 3, 1-9% - 4 species and 5 species did not germinate at room temperature, they need special conditions for germination
The article presents the data on vitality and age
structure of Beckmannia syzigachne and
Calamagrostis langsdorffii соеnopopulations under
conditions of the Lena-Viluy interfluve. The study
revealed 3 types of vitality of Beckmannia syzigachne
(prosperous, equilibrium, and depressive), 2 types of
vitality of Calamagrostis langsdorffii (prosperous and
depressive). The age spectrum in both species is
normal, non-complete, left-sided. According to the
delta-omega classification, the coenopopulations are
considered to be young
The article gives an analysis of the elemental
composition in raw materials of stevia. Stevia plant is
able to regulate the flow of heavy metals, allowing
them, on the one hand, actively oppose the excessive
intake of toxic elements and on the other hand,
selectively cumulate essential elements. The contents
of essential elements in plant raw materials do not
exceed the acceptable standards regardless of the
growing conditions
The author describes the dynamics of commercial
catches and the forecasts of pikeperch catch in 2010-
2016 with an analysis of the causes that affect the
state of stocks. The analysis of the effectiveness of
the recommended pikeperch catch has been made
taking into account the factors that affected the
fishery. Researches were carried out to study the
population structure, seasonal distribution, migrations
and other characteristics of the pikeperch populations
in the Azov limans. The obtained data made it
possible to assess the state of the pikeperch stocks
and give recommendations on their rational use.
Based on the results of ichthyological studies, the
pikeperch age, length and weight composition have
been determined and its biological state has been
studied. The preliminary forecast of the stocks and
the recommended pikeperch catch in the Azov limans
for 2018 is given. The forecast of the recommended
pikeperch catch in the Azov limans for 2018 is based
on the analysis of the stocks of commercial fish
species for a number of years of observations, taking
into account the total mortality rate under the
influence of the fishery load (commercial mortality
coefficient) and the amount of replenishment of
commercial population with fish mature for the first
time
The article gives the results of the study of an effect of
mechanochemical powder of wood green of Abies
(MPA) on potato morphogenesis in vitro. The study
involved the hormone-free nutrient mediums (MS, ½
B5, ½ LS) for growing microcuttings from preliminary
obtained aseptic plants. Plant morphogenesis was
observed on the 15th and 30th days. At that, the number
of developed shoots, plant height, leaves number,
rhizogenesis rates, root number and length were
estimated. MPA appeared to have the regulatory effect
on morphogenesis of potato microcuttings. Based on mineral composition of the nutrient agar medium for
potato microcuttings growing, MPA at 100 mg/l
concentration induced root development (½ B5
medium), reduced height of shoots (MS medium),
while the number of leaf blades was not affected
The study concerns the results of the study of
coenopopulations of the following Fabaceae species:
Medicago falcata, Oxytropis candicans, and
Onobrychis arenaria under conditions of the Middle
Lena River. The study was conducted in Yakutsk
vicinities, 13 km north-east of the city. It is stated that
all the studied coenopopulations are normal. Rather
small values of substitution and recovery indices
evidence certain problems in self-maintaining
processes. The age structure analysis using two age
indices, “delta” and “omega”, allows to classify the
coenopopulations of Medicago falcata, Oxytropis
candicans and Onobrychis arenaria in phytocoenoses
of the Lena River valley as normal young populations.
They were prevailed by juvenile, immature, virginile,
and young reproductive plants
We have presented information about species diversity
of the coastal zoobenthos in some of Karasun lakes,
Krasnodar. We have shown methodology information
and reported the research area. We have made a
taxonomic analysis. The biomass and the quantity of
the main zoobenthos groups were calculated. Based on
the two main fodder objects - Olygochaeta and
Chironomidae and the P/B coefficient, there was
calculated zoobenthos production of the studied lakes.
The potential fish capacity was defined
The phenomenon of fasciation on the example of a higher plant called “Taraxacum officinale Wigg” has been considered. The effect of fasciation on the various particularities of plants has been shown. There are numerous examples of the different fasciation types of present plant’s type which are growing in different ecological areas. We have demonstrated that the phenomenon of fasciation exists in natural populations and in areas with development pressures, and it may occur after mechanical damage to plants of Taraxacum officinale. In most cases, fasciation is regarded as an exceptional phenomenon. A number of authors have distinguished fasciation to non-inheritable and inheritable. The first is the influence of external factors such as insect damage, injury, weather conditions. The second is caused by internal reasons. The number of regularities was installed that the reproductive bodies of plants are more often fascinated, and thermophilic forms are more likely to have fasciation. Photographic images of various types of fasciation, patterns and diagrams are given. Fasciation can be considered as a marker because of the connection of this phenomenon with the violation of the ecological situation. Plants with morphoses including ones with fasciation of individual organs, can act as indicators of pollution of the natural environment. Thus, the phenomenon of fasciation affects many areas of science, such as ecology, morphogenesis, genetic monitoring. The possibility of studying the phenomenon of fasciation on a model object of dandelion is shown. As a methodical approach to the study of this phenomenon, it is proposed to create a database of images, in this way it would be cataloging the image
The article presents the results of the genetic analysis of the trait ‘plant height’ for six crosses involving the forms related to different subspecies of rice. There have been estimated the types of inheritance and a number of genes, which assist to determine this quantitative trait. We have found out that the variance of the trait ‘plant height’ is determined by 3-5 pairs of genes having additive and dominant activities and the degree of dominance reduces in case the variance among parental forms increases. The non-allelic interaction of the genes of the initial forms produces transgressive dwarf and tall forms. The cross ‘Lampo’x’Virazh’ showed the highest degree of transgression in ‘plant height’ due to short height of both parental forms (61.7%), but the frequency of transgression was larger than that of the cross ‘Lampo’x’Komandor’(17.6%). This combination (‘Lampo’x’Komandor’) produced more tall forms (up to 135 cm). The segregation of a great number of tall forms into F2 testifies that the parental forms of these hybrids vary in the allelic state of several pairs of genes, whose various combinations form phenotypes with a longer stem. Thus, the semi-dwarf feature of the varieties ‘Lampo’, ‘Komandor’ and ‘Virazh’ is determined by various non-allelic genes
In the Southern Federal University on the genetic basis
of sunflower inbred line 3629, a collection of plastid
mutants with varying degrees of chlorophyll
deficiency was created by inducing Nnitrosomethylurea.
Chlorophyll content was associated
with their photosynthetic activity. It was found that the
lower the chlorophylls content in mutant plastids, the
lower the sugar concentration in plant tissues. For
example, during the entire period of plant growth for
whites (1.0-3.0 % chlorophylls a+b from control) var-
10, var-17 and yellows (6.0-9.5 % chlorophylls a+b
from control) var-29, var-33 leaf areas of variegated
mutants depending on the development phase and the
content of green pigments are characterized by a low
(2-7 fold) sugar content. Yellow-green (75.5%
chlorophylls a + b from control) leaves of en:chlorina-
7 contain a higher level of carbohydrates, although it is
1.5-2 fold lower than at line 3629. Monosaccharides
are products of hydrolytic reactions catalyzed by β-
glycosidases. It was shown, that the activity level of β-
galactosidase and β-glucosidase exceeded the
corresponding indicators of the control at 1.5-2 and 2-7
fold, respectively. Similarly to enzymes from the
water-soluble fraction, membrane-bound β-
glycosidases also showed increased activity in the
leaves of the investigated mutants, compared to the
control green plants of 3629. Consequently, the
activity of β-glycosidases increases dramatically in
leaf tissues with deficiency of photosynthetic. Thus,
chlorophyll mutations can lead to a change in the
expression of nuclear genes, resulting in a significant
increase in the activity of β-glycosidases in the mutant organelles themselves