In FSBRI «North-Caucasus zonal scientific-research
institute of horticulture and viticulture» (Krasnodar)
there was carried out the comparative economicbiological
study of the average-height apple-tree
stock М9ЕМLA in comparison with initial weakgrowing
stock М9 in manifold, nursery and garden.
Manifold bushes of the clone M9ЕMLA is quite
worse in force than the stock М9 and were less
branchy. Output of standard per hectare of manifold
at the clone M9ЕMLA was on 35,5 thousand units
more, and а standard condition of cuttings - on 13,2
% higher, than at the stock М9. Cuttings of the clone
were less spiked and better rooted. In the first field of
nursery, the plants of the clone had a vertical growth
of the central conductor, slightly weaved and were
more suitable to inoculation. The output of standard
plants, in the variant with the use of clone M9ЕMLA
by the variety Champion, in average for 2006-2010
was on 3112 units/hа, and on the variety Prikubanskoye
– correspondently on 2470 units/hа higher
than grafted on the stock М9. The cost price of 1000
seedlings on the clone M9ЕMLA was on 1962 rubles
less than on the stock М9, and the standard of profitability
of seedling growing, on the contrary was on
14-19 % higher. In the garden the trees on the clone
M9ЕMLA were worse in growth of trees grafted on
М9: on volume of the crone on 0,4-0,6 m3
, in diameter
of the stem on 9-12 mm, in dependence on
the variety, independently on the fact that some trees
on clone were more weaker than grafted on the stock
М9, their productivity for 2011-2015 was higher as
from one tree as from the unit of area. The intensity
of fruiting expressed in yield in kilos from a tree on
the unit of volume of the top of a tree on the clone
M9ЕMLA was on 33-39% higher than at the trees on
the stock М9
Hereby we present the results of the research devoted
to study of influence of growth modulator called
melaphen on the technical brand of gapes such as
Sovinion White and its agro-biological characteristics.
The research was conducted in 2014-2015 using
fruitful grape Sovinion White of 2004 planting as a
subject in agro farm “Yuzhnaya” of Temruk in the
Krasnodar Region. Melaphen is a type of melamine
salt of bioximethilphosphin acid. It evokes complex
influence on the energetic complex of vegetation cell
in all three stages of vegetation. The chemical was
applied mechanically by a tractor sprinkling. The
square of tested patch is 2 hectares. Melaphen usage
was 6,7 ml to 1 hectare . Norm of liquid applied was
700 liters to 1 hectare. Three times the chemical was
applied during vegetation: before blossoming, grape
growth phase (grapes the size of a pea) and before the
grapes ripen. As a result it was estimated that three times chemical application of melaphen to Sovinion
White in dose 1.
10-9 in period after blossoming of
grapes and before the grapes ripen led to more
saturated accumulation of sugar in juice of the grapes
and also to faster ripening and harvesting, larger mass
of grape bunch amount of harvesting from a bush.
Besides, in the tested option growing processes are
accelerated and pigmentation agents are accumulated
faster in the leaves and embryo infestation in winter
sleeping core is boosted at larger scale. Better harvest
quality leads to better wine materials quality.
Application of melaphen provides higher economical
efficiency
Sunflower is one of the most important oilseed
crops, which are of great economic importance in
Russia and in the world. It is very adaptive crop
in terms of climatic conditions range, for that
reason it is cultivated on a vast territory of the
Russian Federation in various weather conditions.
Sunflower oil has high nutritional and taste
qualities, it is used numerously in food and is
applied in various fields of food industry. The
biologically active linoleic acid, phosphatides and
fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, which are of
great nutritional value to humans, are contained in
the oil. According to its calorific capacity,
sunflower oil is on the first place among
vegetable oils. Due to biological characteristics of
sunflower, the Krasnodar region is the most
favorable region of the Russian Federation for
obtaining high and stable yields of this crop.
However, here the drought is observed during the
summer period and it affects adversely the
productivity and quality of sunflower seeds. The
increasing of resistance to unfavorable weather conditions is possible only based on detailed
study of physiological features of productivity
formation and seeds quality that is highly
important task in view of the current geopolitical
situation in Russia. One way of solving this issue
is the appliance of the growth regulators,
possessing anti-stress activity that improve the
quality of sowing seeds and increase the
productivity and plant resistance to stressful
environmental factors. These drugs include
growth regulator called Furolan, which was
created in KubGTU and is certified for use in
Russia. It is not toxic and is used in nano-dozes,
there is no its residual quantities in the products
and environment. Furolan has a positive effect on
physiological and biochemical processes,
improves the productivity of plants, their
resistance to unfavorable growing conditions by
increasing the resistance to dehydration as well as
to the risk of fungal diseases
Sunflower is one of the most important oilseed
crops, which are of great economic importance in
Russia and in the world. It is very adaptive crop
in terms of climatic conditions range, for that
reason it is cultivated on a vast territory of the
Russian Federation in various weather conditions.
Sunflower oil has high nutritional and taste
qualities, it is used numerously in food and is
applied in various fields of food industry. The
biologically active linoleic acid, phosphatides and
fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, which are of
great nutritional value to humans, are contained in
the oil. According to its calorific capacity,
sunflower oil is on the first place among
vegetable oils. Due to biological characteristics of
sunflower, the Krasnodar region is the most
favorable region of the Russian Federation for
obtaining high and stable yields of this crop.
However, here the drought is observed during the
summer period and it affects adversely the
productivity and quality of sunflower seeds. The
increasing of resistance to unfavorable weather conditions is possible only based on detailed
study of physiological features of productivity
formation and seeds quality that is highly
important task in view of the current geopolitical
situation in Russia. One way of solving this issue
is the appliance of the growth regulators,
possessing anti-stress activity that improve the
quality of sowing seeds and increase the
productivity and plant resistance to stressful
environmental factors. These drugs include
growth regulator called Furolan, which was
created in KubGTU and is certified for use in
Russia. It is not toxic and is used in nano-dozes,
there is no its residual quantities in the products
and environment. Furolan has a positive effect on
physiological and biochemical processes,
improves the productivity of plants, their
resistance to unfavorable growing conditions by
increasing the resistance to dehydration as well as
to the risk of fungal diseases
For the conservation of biodiversity, this study of
patterns of biological processes and phases in the
development of Convallaria majalis L. that are
repeated annually becomes actual. In the article, we
have presented an analysis of five years of
observations of the rhythm of the development of
Convallaria majalis L. in the conditions of the middle
Don. There were allocated phenological phases of lily
of the valley: vegetative (beginning of sprout growth,
deploying of leaves), bud formation, flowering
(disclosure of the first flower, mass blossoming, the
withering of separate flowers, the ending of
flowering), fruitage (the beginning of fruit setting,
mass of fruit setting, mass ripening of fruits), the end
of the vegetation (appearance of the first changes in
color of leaves, the complete drying). We have defined
daily average temperature and the appropriate amount
of positive temperatures for the passage of various
phases of development Convallaria majalis L. By the
results of two growing seasons, the optimal daily
average temperature for the flowering period is 14,3 °
C (the sum of average daily temperatures 161,3-204,
0С) - until 9-15 days. At higher daily air temperatures
flowering begins at lower amount of positive and
effective temperatures after 40-45 days after the start
of the vegetation. At lower daily air temperatures
flowering is longer than at higher. In the conditions of
the middle Don there were allocated some examples of
Convallaria majalis L. which bloom two years in a
row
The article discusses the formation of the collection
that includes the most numerous genus Pelargonium
(L.Herit.) from the family Geraniaceae Juss, as well as
its importance, and the prospects for replenishing and
use. There is also analysis of the publications for the
recent years, clarifying approaches and principles in
classifying the representatives of this species. The
collection of Russian Research Institute of Floriculture
and Subtropical Crops is described, taking into account
new palynological and cytogenetic criteria in
pelargoniums section division. It is represented by
more than 120 species, cultivars, as well as
intravarietal and interspecific hybrids and is divided
into three branches (A, B, C2), three subgenus
(Pelargonium. Parvulipetala, Paucisignata) and five
sections (Pelargonium, Otidia, Peristera., Reniformia
Ciconium). Collection samples are included to the
breeding research, as sources of economic features
when creating highly-ornamental hybrids and
cultivars. The work also studies possible using of the
most adapted species, cultivars and hybrids in urban
landscaping on the Black Sea coast
The isolation of E.coli phages from samples of natural
and waste water obtained during expeditions in the
different regions of Russian Federation was carried
out. The obtained phages (286 isolates) were tested for
their ability to lyse the pathogenic strains of E. coli –
pathogenic agents of pig colibacteriosis in Krasnodar
region. The study was conducted of their ability to
phage transduction, the molecular-genetic
characterization and biotechnological parameters of
selected bacteriophages. For first experimental design
of veterinary drugs was selected 5 coliphages having no ability of plasmids transduction. It has been shown
that all the investigated phages are representatives of
T4-type phages of family Myoviridae. The reported
study was partially supported by RFBR, research
projects No. 08-04-99111, 09-04-10132, 16-44-
230855
In this article we consider application of the automated systemic and cognitive analysis (ASK-analysis), its mathematical model – a systemic information theory and the program tools realizing them – the intellectual Eidos system, for input (digitization) of images from graphic files, synthesis of the generalized images of classes, their abstraction, classification of the generalized images of classes (clusters and constructs), comparison of concrete images with the generalized images (identification) of classes, comparisons of classes with each other and creations of the generalized images of genus of ground beetles on the basis of images of the types. The new approach to digitization of images of ground beetles based on use of a polar frame, the center of weight of the image and its external contour is offered. Before digitization of images, their transformations standardizing the provision of images, their sizes and an angle of rotation can be applied. Therefore, the results of digitization and the ASK-analysis of images can be invariant (are independent) concerning their situation, the sizes and turn. There is a successful experience of the solution of similar tasks in other subject domains. This article can be considered as a continuation of series of the works devoted to application of the automated systemic and cognitive analysis (ASK-analysis) and its program tools – the Eidos system
The article presents the results on the effects of
Imazethapyr herbicide on aquatic organisms. The
chronic toxic effects have been studied of the
imidazolinone herbicide in a concentration range of
0.4 - 1150 mg/l to the representatives of various
groups of aquatic organisms: zoobenthos – great
ramshorn snail (Planorbarius corneus), zooplankton
- Daphnia (Daphnia magna Straus), phytoplankton -
protococcal alga (Scenedesmus guadrigauda) and
macrophytes - higher aquatic vegetation (Elodea
canadensis Michx). It is shown that the herbicide
does not have a pronounced lethal effect to aquatic
organisms tested. Their respective LC50 values are
> 1000, 680, 510 and 910. Elodea is shown to be
most sensitive to its sublethal effects (decreased
growth of lateral and main sprouts at a concentration
of 10 mg/l and more), reduced fertility was observed
in Daphnia at a concentration of 300 mg/l and
above, and as to the great ramshorn snail no
sublethal effects have been revealed for all the
concentrations studied
Clonal micro-multiplication – is this the basic method
of obtaining the qualitative virus-free planting
material. The high quality specificity of the explants
reaction of the grapes varieties to the composition of
nutrient medium requires the individual selection of
the medium components for the most successful multiplication
in vitro. In the article we present the results
of studies on the cultivation of the grapes apexes
in vitro the modified medium with the reduced
content of macrocells. As a result of conducted investigations
we have established that for the grapes varieties
of Academic Trubilin, Artemis, Gurman
Kraynova, Maria Kallas, Nizina, Petit Verdo and
Traminer Black the most effective introduction into
the in vitro culture (acclimatization of apexes 80-
100%) occurs on modified nutrient medium to
Murasige and Skoog (1962), by being differed in
terms of the content macro-elements (mG/l):
NH4NO3 – 1237; KNO3 – 1425; MgSO4 ·
7N2O – 277,5; KN2PO4 · H2O – 277,5, of the
vitamin Of v1 – 10,0 mG/l, nicotinic acid – 4 mG/l.
Remaining varieties of Kishmish luchistiy, Preobrajenie,
Roshfor K and Yubiley Novocherkasska in the
same medium were developed slowly and in a different
way