The article considers a combination of the process-based and systematic approach in the management of OSH at the enterprise for the development of the OSH management system model. The OSH management system is created by the enterprise based on the model provision, the branch requirements and recommendations of the current standards. Features of the system are determined by the state of the external and internal environment of the enterprise (context). The context forms the basic requirements for the inputs of the system and determines its capabilities. An analysis of the context of the enterprise makes it possible to identify the system: describe its inputs and outputs, identify key stakeholders and consumers. Based on this analysis, a model of the OSH management system is suggested, which, in analogy with the modern model of the quality management system, allows us to identify the place of the OSH in the context of the organization, and also to clarify the interaction of the main groups of OSH
In this article, we consider approaches to the transfer
of knowledge to students and an objective
semiautomatic assessment of knowledge. The
characteristic features of the application and the
possibility of using cognitive training methodologies
and complex systems for testing skills and the
theoretical base of trainees are analyzed. The
problems of development of this direction and
possible ways of their solution are described. The
basic concepts are introduced and the existing
methods of calculating the average score for
checking the student's knowledge are considered,
and a new approach to solving this problem is
proposed. Based on the conducted researches it is
offered to use the complex system of testing of end
users, which includes testing, monitoring, collecting,
analyzing and displaying the results of
students/groups/ course. The main requirements for
the creation of such a complex and the rules to be
followed are formulated for a more objective
assessment of knowledge. A model of an integrated
modular system for objective semi-automatic testing
of knowledge through testing is described
One of the important issues in the design of static
converters of electric power, i.e. rectifiers and
inverters, is to calculate the parameters of the output
and the input filters. Output filters are designed to
improve the quality of output voltage of inverters, and
input filters are created to reduce ripple of the input
voltage of the converter that occur when commuting
power semiconductor devices, and smoothing
fluctuations of the current consumed from the power
supply. The complexity of analytical description of
the harmonic composition of the output and the input
of the voltage rectifiers and inverters makes it
difficult to develop some accurate methods for
calculating the parameters of their filters. At the same
time, considering the discreteness of the number of
possible parameters of real elements of the filter, the
practical value of such techniques with a high analysis
accuracy of the harmonic components is negligible. In
this article, we suggest the technique of the simplified
calculation of output and input filters for passive LC
filters rectifiers and inverters. At the same time, the
practice of mathematical modeling and design of
transducers has shown that the calculations of the
filter parameters for rectifiers and inverters are not
significantly different from each other. Therefore, the
analytical expressions for calculation of the filter
parameters of rectifier used ripple coefficient, and if
necessary the calculation of the filters of the inverter,
instead of the pulse number in the formula can be
substituted with the value of the harmonic; in
addition, we have also taken into account the value of
the load power factor
Gardening is one of the high-value and highly profitable
branches of agriculture. However, the level of fruit
production in Russia still lags far behind the needs of
the population: 20-25 kg of fruits and berries per year
are grown per capita, which is a quarter of the minimum
consumption rate. Currently, domestic gardening has a
low efficiency due to non-compliance with the criteria
of world production of fruits. The production of gardens
is not competitive enough and does not meet the
requirements of the highest quality categories of
domestic standards. To increase fruit production, it is
necessary to increase the level of intensification of fruit
growing using the most valuable varieties and
progressive technologies of cultivation. In this article,
we consider devices for soil content in orchards, as well
as for pruning trees - the main agrotechnical techniques
in the technology of growing pomegranate crops that
promote the production of stable, optimal harvests of
fruit crops. The universal device of fruits is also covered, which makes it possible to reduce labor costs
during the laying, care and harvesting of the fruit
garden. The wide development of intensive
technologies for growing fruits adapted to specific
climatic conditions and ensuring a high level of
competitiveness and profitability of production is one of
the necessary conditions for the further development of
gardening in Russia
A set of actions aimed at preserving seed quality is the task of primary importance, which is expected to produce effective results. To implement this task it is necessary to prepare high-quality seeds by cleaning and sorting sunflower seeds on air-sieve grain cleaning machines. To determine the rational scheme of cleaning sunflower seed piles of the ‘Lakomka’ variety on the air-sieve grain cleaning machine ‘MVU-1500’ a qualitative analysis has been carried out. Cleaning sunflower seeds is carried out by an air stream by one or two sieves for separating large impurities and by two sieves, one of which separates milled seeds into the overseeding ,with the second dividing the whole seeds. In such a scheme of cleaning sunflower seeds, purity corresponds to the 3rd class of seed material and has some disadvantages. The disadvantages are as follows: the gathering seeds in sieve Ø5.0 have low individual weight and the sieves show low quality of work. To facilitate the work of the sowing sieves a grading sieve is installed, which will separate 50% of the seeds into the gathering. The size of the openings in the grading sieve is selected with the help of the correlation table. The sieve for sunflower seed variety ‘Lakomka ‘will be Ø 3.6, which will select the most valuable seeds with weight above 90 g from the purified material thus improving the productivity and performance of the sowing sieves. A promising scheme of cleaning sunflower seeds is the air flow rate equal to 4.43 m/s, with one grading sieve of Ø 3.6 and two sieves of Ø 7 and Ø 3.6 mm in grain cleaning machines that will allow you to get high quality seed material that meets the requirements of GOST(Russian national standard) for seed material
In the study of the processes of growing, harvesting,
post-harvesting processing and delivery of fruit and vegetables it seems to be rational to have generalized
control of the "product – environment – packaging –
transport - storage" in general, as well as providing
the possibility of creating optimal conditions for fruit
and vegetable products depending on its condition.
The basis of ensuring product integrity at all stages of
production is a system approach with application of
modern information technologies. Optimization of
logistic processes in the agro-industrial complex
(AIC), in addition to cost, market influences many
important indicators of the final product of this
complex: quality, timing and reliability of supply, the
size of the delivered batches, etc. The quality of fruits
and vegetables begins to change dramatically
immediately after harvesting. Being in a stressful and
unfavorable conditions, fruit, vegetables, root crops
intensively lose moisture and consume nutrients,
secrete aromatic substances, carry out the breathing
process. These losses are caused by biological factors
fit fruit and vegetable products to the changed
conditions. Thus, the main indicators of the quality of
products to control rationally in the process of
harvesting and subsequent production phases take
into account the data obtained to optimize process
parameters to reduce losses and damage products.
The article discusses the prospects of applying the
system-information approach to the formation of
quality of fruits and vegetables during transportation
and storage. The proposed embodiment of a
generalized control of the "product – environment –
packaging – transport - storage", aimed at ensuring
the possibility of creating optimal conditions for
easy-to-sell agricultural products (fruits, vegetables,
root crops) depending on its condition. We have
established that rational technology of production and
sales of products must have the ability to control and
operational adjustments depending on the level of
quality input products from the stage of harvest
The aim of the study was to improve evaluation of the uniformity of irrigation with a machine of continuous translational motion, according to the test results of the apparatus with radial methods. Research method – mathematical modeling of the running of four machines of circular actions on a device of continuous translational motion using the result of the tests of the device with a radial method. The algorithm of calculation, recommended by the standard ISO 7749-2-2004, has been improved to minimize manual calculations and measurements. The algorithm is implemented in a computer program. Program of CDU(B) implements an advanced algorhythm. The program calculates a matrix of irrigation doses on meter squares area of spray irrigation between the positions of the two devices. The progressive movement of the machine is modeled by summing the doses in column-major order with constant X. At vector doses after the passage of the machine, it calculates the coefficient of uniformity of irrigation by Christiansen. The calculation is performed at different steps of the installation of devices, and so it determines the optimal location of them. The improved algorithm of calculating the figures of sprinkling uniformity using the test results for devices using a radial method was implemented in the program of the CDU(A) [1]; it allows to choose the optimal step for installation of devices. The algorithm of calculating the uniformity in the step of installation of the apparatus on the pipeline which is greater than the radius of the irrigation apparatus simulates the operation of two devices. During the installation step of the apparatus of smaller radius than irrigation apparatus, we model the work of four adjacent devices. The optimal step of installation of i-Wob is 14.5 meters, which is 1.75 times greater than the radius of the irrigation system and 1.5 times greater than the pitch of stationary devices with the same tolerance on the uniformity. Two-nozzle devices, which assessment standard does not meet the requirements of the uniformity of irrigation at the drive of the translational motion ensures a better distribution in the pitch of less than 24 meters
In the article, we give examples of practical realization of the implementation of industrial environmental control for service centers. In order to conduct environmental activities at production environmental control there was developed appropriate documentation, with instructions of the list and timing of the events. Due to the organization of production environmental control at the enterprise of the service center there was a timely opportunity to implement environmental activities, and solve problems in the field of ecology detectable in the control period. To solve problems identified in the implementation of industrial environmental control, the car service enterprise took measures to ensure efficient wastewater treatment, equipped closed places and recycling. The article provides general insights about the necessity and appropriateness of the organization of industrial environmental control. Principles of organization and implementation of industrial environmental monitoring outlined in this article can be applied by enterprises of various economic activities
In the article questions of forecasting of publication
activity and a problem of planning of actions on
management of publicity activity of scientific
collective are considered
Nowadays the method of finite elements (MFE) is a
standard method of acoustic analysis. It consists in
finding the solution of the function on the maximum
allowable quantity of piecewise continuous functions
that are determined in allowed number of subdomains.
The number of sub-domains has a finite
value but an unknown continuous value is
approximated by the polynomial on each element that
acquires specific values in the nodes. Polynomials can
be various but all of them produce continuity of total
value along its limits. Herewith because of technical
features of the calculation process minimization of
numbers of polynomials is required according to the
criterion of acceptable precision. In the chosen
COMSOL Multiphysics program model the range of
frequencies under analysis is the result of the sum of
10 segments (sub-ranges). Such a sub-range is a
minimal discrete value in certain conditions of
calculation. Thus, the calculated value on this subrange
can be considered as the result of calculation by
means of using the band-pass filter with 35 Hz
bandwidth. Because of this, we can draw a conclusion
about changing the state change of the noise exposure
on the combine operator with respect to the previous
measurement according to the regulatory
methodology. Hereinafter if the stated change of the
noise exposure is found, measurements that are more
precise are taken. On the basis of these measurements
the head of the company receives recommendations
either on verification of stated acoustic characteristics
of devices and mechanisms of a harvester or on
verification of acoustic ways of transmission of
structural noise (noise created by devices that
penetrates into the booth through the combine body),
or on verification of noise isolation of the booth