Forecasting of scientific and technical progress is
necessary to make grounded management decisions.
In this article, we forecast the development of
information and communication technologies in
order to solve a particular but important issue of
design of professional standards in the aerospace
industry. We identify the factors affecting the
development of information and communication
(computer) technologies, with their help determine
the trends of development of these technologies over
the next two decades. The main trend - the
maximum cheaper production of computer (or
network) components, combined with an increase in
their capacity. One way to reduce the cost of
production is the "centralization" - combining
several components into one. The third trend - the
desire to reduce the size of computers. The size of a
future computer could be a device the size of a
pencil, a pin or button, as the system unit has a
negligible size, keyboard and display are virtual,
transfer any amount of information through a virtual
office online. The development of secure free
copying will lead to increased use of this free
software and technologies "rental program" over the
Internet. We predict an increase in reliability and
intensive programs while maintaining the general
principles of the interface. Revolutionary changes
are expected production (machines, sensors), and
household appliances
The article analyzes the development of the theory
of statistical control (from the XVIII century to the
present). Prof. M.V. Ostrogradskii (1846) clearly
describes the practical needs (ie, arising from the
quality assurance of large quantities of bags of
flour or pieces of cloth), to meet whom he spent his
research. At the same time Simpson was among the
ideas of probability theory XVIII century.
Therefore prof. M.V. Ostrogradskii may be
regarded as the founder of the theory of statistical
process control (not only in our country but all over
the world). Limit theorems of probability theory
and mathematical statistics have provided a
number of asymptotic results in problems of
statistical quality control, offer based on these best
practices. However, we must find out how much
interest among specialists characteristics are
different from limit for finite sample sizes. Such
research for the synthesis algorithm control plan on
the basis of the limit average output level of defects
is made in this article, and for the synthesis
algorithm control plan on the basis of the
acceptance and the rejection levels of defects - not
yet (clarification of the conditions of applicability
of this algorithm - unsolved problem of applied
mathematics). We have briefly reviewed the
development of our researches on the statistical
control. Control units can be not only some units of
production, but also documents (with internal and
external audit), and standard units of air, water and
soil in the environmental monitoring. One of the
achievements can be regarded as the transfer of
statistical control of production for environmental
monitoring
Statistical methods are widely used in domestic
feasibility studies. However, for most managers,
economists and engineers, they are exotic. This is
because modern statistical methods are not taught in
the universities. We discuss the situation, focusing
on the statistical methods for economic and
feasibility studies, ie, econometrics. In the world of
science, econometrics has a rightful place. There are
scientific journals in econometrics, Nobel Prizes in
Economics are awarded to series of researches in
econometrics. The situation in the field of scientific
and practical work and especially the teaching of
econometrics in Russia is disadvantaged. Often,
individual particular constructions replace
econometrics in general, such as those related to
regression analysis. In econometrics we select three
types of scientific and applied activities:
development and study of methods of applied
statistics, taking into account the specifics of
economic data; development and study of
econometric models, in accordance with the specific
needs of economic science and practice; the use of
econometric methods for statistical analysis of
specific economic data. This article describes these
three types of scientific and applied activities. We
discuss the specificity of economic data. We show
the importance of economic non-numeric values. We
discuss the statistics of interval data - scientific
direction at the joint of metrology and statistics. We
give the representation of the econometric models.
Problems of application of econometric methods are
considered as an example of inflation. We discuss
the statistics and econometrics as the field of
scientific and practical activities. We have examined
econometric methods in practical and training
activities
In practice, there were developed and tested some
mathematical models of balance relationships (balance
model), economic growth, expanding economy, labour
market, theories of consumption, production, competitive
equilibrium models of the economy in conditions of
imperfect competition and others. The basis of these
models were based on linear algebra, mathematical
analysis, mathematical programming, differential
equations, optimization methods, optimal control theory,
probability theory, stochastic processes, operations
research, game theory, statistical analysis. The inverse
problem in various models of mathematical Economics
was considered quite rare. These tasks were sufficiently
investigated in the study of physical processes. As shown
by the analysis of the theoretical and applied studies of
economic processes, they represent considerable interest
for practice. Therefore, the considered in the study
inverse problems of the mathematical model, as it is
shown by the already introduced results of other
mathematical models, are of considerable interest in
applied and theoretical research. In this article, the
authors have formulated and investigated an inverse
problem for a model of economic growth. For its
solution the authors propose to build a system of
algebraic equations, using a reproduction model of
national income; then, using methods of quadratic
programming, to find the best average quadratic
estimates of the model parameter
In this study we investigate the dynamics of relativistic
particles in the axially symmetric metrics. We have built
metric having axial symmetry and contains two centers
of gravity and a logarithmic singularity. The application
received metrics to the movement of particles in galaxies
is described. It is established that there are stable orbit in
the metric with two centers of gravity, the particle
velocity at which reaches the value v/ c ≈ 7.0 . Orbit
radius varies widely, but remains substantially flat orbit.
Unstable same movements are completed so that the
particles leave the system. The hypothesis that this kind
of relativistic objects can serve as sources of the
magnetic fields of the planets, stars and galaxies has
been proposed. The question of the realization in the
galaxy metric of Einstein's hypothetical elevator in
which there is a uniform gravitational field, simulating
the accelerated movement of the elevator is described. A
homogeneous gravitational field in a limited region of
space was numerical simulated. It has been shown that
this kind of accelerated objects generate relativistic
effect in the form of a log potential, not diminishing with
distance from the center of the system. It is assumed that
such capabilities can be associated with the Higgs field
responsible for the occurrence of the inertial mass of the
elementary particles
The article discusses the dynamic model of the rocket
motor electromagnetic type, consisting of a source of
electromagnetic waves of radio frequency band and a
conical cavity in which electromagnetic waves are
excited. The processes of excitation of
electromagnetic oscillations in a cavity with
conducting walls, as well as the waves of the YangMills
field have been investigated. Multi-dimensional
transient numerical model describing the processes of
establishment of electromagnetic oscillations in a
cavity with the conducting wall was created
Separately, the case of standing waves in the cavity
with conducting walls been tested. It is shown that the
oscillation mode in the conducting resonator different
from that in an ideal resonator, both in the steady and
unsteady processes. The mechanism of formation of
traction for the changes in the space-time metric, the
contribution of particle currents, the Yang-Mills and
electromagnetic field proposed. It is shown that the
effect of the Yang-Mills field calls change the
dielectric properties of vacuum, which leads to a
change in capacitance of the resonator. Developed a
dynamic model, which enables optimal traction on a
significant number of parameters. It was found that
the thrust increases in the Yang-Mills field
parameters near the main resonance frequency. In the
presence of thermal fluctuations and the Yang-Mills
field as well the traction force changes sign,
indicating the presence of various oscillation modes
The article discusses the dynamic model of the rocket
motor electromagnetic type, consisting of a source of
electromagnetic waves of radio frequency band and a
conical cavity in which electromagnetic waves are
excited. The processes of excitation of
electromagnetic oscillations in a cavity with
conducting walls, as well as the waves of the YangMills
field are investigated. The multi-dimensional
transient numerical model describing the processes of
electromagnetic oscillations in a cavity with
conducting wall created. Separately, the case of
standing waves in the cavity with conducting walls
considered. It is shown that the oscillations mode in
the conducting resonator different from that in an
ideal resonator, both in steady and unsteady
processes. The mechanism of formation of traction
for the changes in the space-time metric, the
contribution of particle currents, the Yang-Mills and
electromagnetic field proposed. It is shown that the
Yang-Mills field calls the change of the dielectric
constant, which leads to a change in the capacitance
of the resonator. Thus, the parametric resonance
occurs in the system, which leads to a strengthening
of the Yang-Mills amplitude, and to the emergence of
traction. We have developed a dynamic model, which
enables optimal traction on a significant number of
parameters. It was found that the thrust increases in
the Yang-Mills field near the main resonance
frequency. A model describing the excitation and
emission of nonlinear waves of the Yang-Mills field
was proposed. It is shown that nonlinear waves of the
Yang-Mills field more effectively carry the
momentum from the system in comparison with
electromagnetic waves, and it explains the significant
increase by several orders of thrust in the engines of
the electromagnetic type, compared with the photon
rocket
The article provides information about the species
diversity of the family of Asteraceae in the natural area
of the Yakut botanical garden. We provide the
information about the method and the area of the
study, the description of the phytocenotic surrounding,
taxonomic analysis, areal analysis, bio-morphological
analysis (the variety of life forms) which was given by
the K. Raunkier, rhythmological analysis,
environmental analysis (by A.P. Schennikov),
analysis of phytocoenotic
The anthropogenic interference plays more and more increasing role in modern ecologic paradigm. Adjusting this role to the studied region, it is defined by the socio-economic conditions being formed in our country. The rate of construction in the resort zones of the Krasnodar region is sweepingly rising. In spite of the high therapeutic-recreational capacity of the region, this tendency is leading to the further worsening of the ecological situation. The strengthening of the ecological control in the terms of the present economic crisis is highly urgent when more and more Russians prefer native resorts for their rest and in the first turn - resorts of the Krasnodar region. The condition of the ambient air of some recreation zones of the Krasnodar region has been studied. Methods of atomic-absorbing chromatography and optical emissive spectrometry have been used. It has been shown that the differences in data are mainly determined by the different content of the air impurities depending on the probe selection place. According to the studied data, the ecologically purest places are Krasnaya Polyana and Goryachy Klyuch. Whereas, the content of atmospheric air pollutants in the central districts of the resort towns of Sochi and Goryachy Klyuch exceeds MAC. The comparison of the obtained data with the same data of the city of Krasnodar that had been obtained before allows making a conclusion about the favorable eco-hygienic state of the resort zones of the Krasnodar region. So our investigations authentically prove the existence of the significant differences in the ecological conditions of the city on the one hand and of the resort zones of the Krasnodar region on the other hand
The plant body cells must contain a certain
amount of water for a normal life. Water
deficiency in cultivated plants was due to using
herbicides used in intensive technologies of
cultivation of agricultural crops. The conditions
of the environment determine the sensitivity of
the plant to herbicide. Soil and climatic conditions
of winter wheat grown in the time of herbicide
treatment are important for the effectiveness of its
actions. It was found, that plants grown under
shade or high humidity are more sensitive to
herbicides than ones grown in bright sunlight and
in times of drought. During drought, and in the
open sunny spot, plant development is faster and
become more stable. On soils rich in humus, we
may grow less herbicide-resistant plants than in
soils poor in organic matter. Herbicides are
moved through the vascular system of plants with
nutrients and metabolic products, they cause
general poisoning as deformation of the stem and
leaves of the plants, growth inhibition, chlorosis,
fragility of leaves and stems, sterility, reducing
the amount of free to bound water, which is
particularly important for combating perennial
weeds that have strong and well-developed root
system. Monocots are able to immobilize the leaf
herbicides. Latency of herbicides and their
immobilization are carried out in various ways.
Elucidation of the physiological characteristics
that determine the resistance of plants to water
scarcity and the effects of the herbicides is the
most important task, the solution of which is not
only of great theoretical, but also has practical
significance