Illustration is an important part of scientific work and educational process. They help us understand studying material and see the different connection among things. The different types of illustration were analyzed and we also demonstrated illustrations in scientific world, education materials and the role of abstraction in scientific illustration
The analysis of territorial protection of the vegetation of natural zones, separate geobotanical allotments (formations), unique vegetative associations and Red Data Book species of vascular plants of Yakutia is given in the article. The objects of vegetation kingdom that need urgent actions for their habitats’ protection are marked
We have presented information about species diversity
of the coastal zoobenthos in some of Karasun lakes,
Krasnodar. We have shown methodology information
and reported the research area. We have made a
taxonomic analysis. The biomass and the quantity of
the main zoobenthos groups were calculated. Based on
the two main fodder objects - Olygochaeta and
Chironomidae and the P/B coefficient, there was
calculated zoobenthos production of the studied lakes.
The potential fish capacity was defined
Due to the wide spread of winter barley varieties with
different Phytopathologic characteristics, a serious
threat to the crop is dwarf rust caused by a pathogenic
fungi of the Puccinia. The article presents the results of
phytosanitary studies conducted in different agroclimatic
zones of the North Caucasus region for the
period from 2013 to 2015. Electronic maps of levels of
development and distribution of dwarf rust are based on
phytosanitary inspection. On the experimental field
called «Kuban» as well as rust nursery of VNIIBZR we
have performed an immunological evaluation of the
sustainability of winter barley accessions to the
pathogen of the dwarf rust on natural and artificial
infectious backgrounds in the period from 2013 to
2015. The article reflects the objective characteristics of
varieties and lines of winter barley with a relative
stability to the North Caucasian population Puccinia
hordei. The most promising varieties and lines of winter
barley of the KubGAU breeding were selected during
operation. These varieties and lines are highly resistant
to rust and dwarf, they also have other valuable
features. The article presents information on the best
yield varieties and lines of winter barley as well as on
gross yield and sowing area
The steppe rivers of Kuban, which form their landscapes in the space between the basins of the rivers Don and Kuban, are divided into two subtypes: the rivers of internal flow which flow into the small ponds (Panura, Kirpili et al.), and the rivers of external flow which flow into the Sea of Azov (Eja, Beysug, Chelbas); direction of flow of these rivers is defined slightly downward from the high right bank of the Kuban (up to 50m) and the eastern slopes (altitude up to 50-170m) of Stavropol Upland; shores of rivers are heavily deforested, subjected to strong anthropogenic pressure and water systems contaminated of organic substances. Plowing of catchment areas to foreshore and plowing dry beams, as well as cutting of forests caused huge harm of river systems. The qualitative composition of microorganisms is not very varied. Polluted rivers and bottom sediments are dominated by saprotrophic microorganisms, spore-bearing and other rod-shaped bacteria. In the samples of sludge we marked high titer thiobacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Complex of actinomycetes was investigated. The species composition of vascular plants includes 135 species from 48 families, most numerous asteraceae, cereals and legumes. The dominant plant of many floodplains steppe rivers is common reed, which contributes to the process of silting soil particles from the fields and the destruction of the sod with overgrazing. Among phytocenoses there is a domination of reed grass-forb deposits on moist soils, mesophilic couch grass-forb and grass-forb xerophytic. In soil biota of floodplains it is dominated by oligochaetes, bottom fauna molluscs and oligochaetes, water - rotifers and cladocerans
The article describes the structure of microbial communities in urban soils of Rostov-on-Don. The difference in numbers of bacteria of main trophic groups between the central part and the suburbs of Rostov-on-Don has been analyzed. The comparison with control soil with minimal anthropogenic impact has been performed. The indices of mineralization, oligotrophy, oligonitrophylic and pedotrophic quotients have been calculated
The article presents the materials of the study and selection of modes of Azotobacterchroococcum cultivation due to increasing the colony formed units (CFU) and improving the synthesis of microbial polysaccharide that prolongs the shelf life of the
finished product
The immunologic characteristics of 18 domestic winter wheat cultivars to Transcaucasia population of yellow rust pathogen have been studied. 251 resistance sources to Puccinia striiformis have been detected among 468 studied soft wheat samples from Vavilov ARRIP collection. The efficiency of known resistance genes (Yr) to Transcaucasia population of yellow rust pathogen are estimated
This article is devoted to the study of small mammal communities (species composition, daily activity and spatial distribution) in the agrocoenosis. The fields of winter crops that were surrounded by similar fields or by winter crops with meadow vegetation were researched. The Mus musculus became the dominant species in the winter crops agrocoenosis. The R. Sylvaemus living near the border with field-protective forest belts (and 25 meters field around) are subdominant group. Marked single finds Mus musculus in the forest and R. Sylvaemus in the field (at a distance before 50 meters). It is shown that the presence of meadow vegetation increases the species diversity of mice in the agrocoenosis. In the middle of this field a subdominantion group is Microtus arvalis s.l. and Cricetulus migratorius. The both species prefer a neighborhood with meadow vegetation. The method of recapture, followed by labeling with animals, made it possible to fix the movement for a distance of about 400 m. during the night (maximum values were males Mus musculus). The activity of small mammals in the winter crops was timed to coincide with the day-night cycles, with high activity from 01:00 to 04:00 am, and minimum activity after 09:00 hours of the morning before 08:00 pm
Using of compound feeds in broiler feed additives of
plant resources, activates body's biological functions.
This increases productivity and gives an ability to
make environmentally friendly products. These local
plants feed additives contributing to enrich animal feed
with active ingredients include flour from nettle and
Caspian marine algae. This article is devoted to
studying the composition of nettle from the different
locations of growth in Dagestan Republic and also, to
determine the effectiveness of the use of nettle flour
individually and to how implement it with the
seaweeds flour in feeds of broiler chickens instead of
herbal flour. The studies showed that nettle from a
foothill zone in the flowering period exceeds slightly
the nettle from mountain zone on the content of dry
matter-1.19 % of protein-0.09 % and exchange energy
0.77 kcal/100g. Nettle meal from mountainous zone
also inferiors the foothills in the energy value to 6.81
kcal/100 g. The inclusion of 2% feed meal nettle, 3%
seaweed either alone or in combination of 2% instead
of+3% of alfalfa grass meal resulted increasing
broilers’ body weight 4,60-8,95% betterment survival
to2,8-5,70%, increasing muscle output at 0,56-2,54%
compared with the control group. The protein content
and the amount of essential amino acids in the thoracic
muscle in the test group was to 0.97-2.74%andto1,68-
2,11%, respectively, higher than the control. There was
a significant increasing iodine in thoracic muscles of
experimental groups 119,6-166,07% relative to
control. Based on the results of the research, it is
recommended to include 2% of feed meal nettle and
3% from algae instead of 4% grass meal of alfalfa to
improve the productivity and biological value of
broiler meat and 1 % of cereals