Scientific Journal of KubSAU

The article shows the necessity to consider the inter-control result to forecast the automobile state and present it as a random value. It is pointed out, that the character of the automobile element parameter change is determined by the determined function and the criteria of this or that function choice. It is stated, that the variation coefficient serves as a criteria of approximation. Besides, the element resource variation coefficient is obviously more informative as it results calculations at the whole range of parameter change with consideration of this change character when the coefficient of the parameter change variation can reflect the approximation degree only on one or several sections. It is underlined that in a case of the parameter change functions approximation it is necessary to consider the automobile details break-in when one can see the short and sharp increase of the parameter change. Moreover, we have made a conclusion that the forecast error and intensity depend finally on the choice of the approximating function. The wrong choice of the function can bring to naught all the efforts to direct the safety margin and other parameters of the automobile elements. We have found out that the power function of thee parameter change is quite unique. This function coefficients having distinct physical sense are few. This shows the convenience of the wide use of the degree function for practical forecast. The approximation error of parameter change might be influenced (along with a selection of the function) by the accuracy of determining its coefficients. Finally, we have made a conclusion that it is very desirable after choosing and finding the coefficients of any approximating equation to convert it into one definite function and develop the forecast apparatus, tables, nomograms and so on for it. This is the only way of using the wide class of approximating equations when having relatively small math and other provision of the forecast

Due to the deterioration of the ecological situation in the world, population tends to eat organically grown foods that are grown either without or with minimal use of chemicals. The development of agriculture in this direction leads ultimately to organic agriculture. To improve the competitiveness of this direction, we need more effective agricultural machines, especially in the last phase of cultivation, namely at the stage of harvesting. One of the most difficult scientific and technical problems with the mechanical harvesting of potatoes is not letting vegetable impurities and tops to fall down in the hopper with the potato tubers, which among other things will improve operational efficiency technology. The article reviewed the various methods for removing the tops, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The article makes a conclusion about the need for potato top separators in harvesting machines. We have also considered a promising device for removing haulm, a conveyor with flexible fingers on the bars and the clamping beater. Тhe most short-lived structural element of the device for removing haulm, reducing reliability of the device, is flexible fingers mounted on rods. We have proposed to use polyurethane as a material for manufacturing flexible fingers

The article shows the importance of math description and grounding the function taking into account the process of changing the parameter when developing the methodology of automobile diagnosing. It is pointed out that after all the prediction error and effort depend on the choice of approximating function. The wrong choice of the function can bring to naught all the efforts to manage safety margin and other parameters of cars elements. One can find the requirements to math description and grounding the function of the parameter change. Based on the analysis of factors influencing the process of parameters change and requirements to math description of this process we have noticed that it is necessary to approximate the change (increase) of the state variable by the chance ordered function with increasing realizations. One can consider the parameter change realization both strictly and not as a monotone function ranging from zero to the limit change of the parameter. We have mentioned that the fore-quoted reasoning with the account of two groups of factors make possible to investigate the parameter change at this or that moment of work as a sum of two random values. We have made a conclusion that they usually express the link between the change rate (for instance, detail wear rate) and the readings of the material properties and functioning conditions (metal skin hardness, unit loading on the detail surface, its relative rate of movement) by the functional determined dependence got as a result of lab tests or theoretical study. In the conclusion, one can see that the analysis of the results of math description of the process of the parameter change is sufficient enough

The article presents an analysis of the existing approach to automobiles technical maintenance in agriculture. We have pointed out that in modern conditions it is impossible to forecast the automobiles maintenance operation frequency and as a result its improvement as well. It is obvious that one cannot achieve the considerable increase of maintenance operation efficiency by separate means and there exist the necessity to treat it as a system and use the up-to-date methods to investigate and improve complicated systems. We have made a conclusion that the increase of maintenance operation efficiency is not possible without some rational strategy of maintenance operation and repair. We have shown that the program of maintenance operation and repair being an integral part of automobiles technical maintenance has considerable effect on maintenance and repair quality. As a result, there is some necessity of the developed system of parameters diagnosing and control in technical maintenance and repair. We have shown that to get sufficient diagnose information one needs selection of the controlled parameters which give maximum information about the object technical status taking into account possible characteristics of its operational faults. We have discovered that in order to solve the task it is necessary to have the object’s information pattern, calculation of possible characteristics of the controlled object being in good or bad order due to some parts fault, evaluation of information brought by every parameter and determining parameters to be diagnosed. We have proposed to evaluate the parameters’ information value with the help of information entropy as uncertainty measure that is one of the main concepts of the information theory. Because of solving the task, we have got the aggregate of the controlled automobile parameters orderable according to the amount of information

The article presents the methods of efficient monitoring rate of the mobile agricultural equipment brake system based on the usage of methods of the theory of relativity. We have considered the methods of the brake gear monitoring rate according to the acceptable level of reliability, to the technical index and change logic of the technical parameters state and economic-probabilistic method. From the above-stated one can see, first, that diagnosing usage is the development of maintenance preventive strategy. Second, its practicability and the ways of realization are determined by technical and economic calculations

The article presents the way to identify the mobile agricultural equipment technical status control perio-dicity based on the comparison of its defect-free per-formance given probability with its calculated value in order to decrease significantly the efforts to estimate control periodicity and increase the results authenticity at the expense of mobile agricultural equipment prob-able characteristics calculation

Gardening is one of the high-value and highly profitable branches of agriculture. However, the level of fruit production in Russia still lags far behind the needs of the population: 20-25 kg of fruits and berries per year are grown per capita, which is a quarter of the minimum consumption rate. Currently, domestic gardening has a low efficiency due to non-compliance with the criteria of world production of fruits. The production of gardens is not competitive enough and does not meet the requirements of the highest quality categories of domestic standards. To increase fruit production, it is necessary to increase the level of intensification of fruit growing using the most valuable varieties and progressive technologies of cultivation. In this article, we consider devices for soil content in orchards, as well as for pruning trees - the main agrotechnical techniques in the technology of growing pomegranate crops that promote the production of stable, optimal harvests of fruit crops. The universal device of fruits is also covered, which makes it possible to reduce labor costs during the laying, care and harvesting of the fruit garden. The wide development of intensive technologies for growing fruits adapted to specific climatic conditions and ensuring a high level of competitiveness and profitability of production is one of the necessary conditions for the further development of gardening in Russia

One of the promising directions of development of agriculture of the Russian Federation is to increase the production, improve the quality and decrease the cost of potato cultivation. Annual cleaning is one of the most intense and costly in transport and technological processes. Potatoes - blending high culture and very picky about cleaning. The highest yields and income from potato production get where embedded technology to optimize energy and labor costs. The main (though not only) the special technical means used during machine harvesting potatoes, are potato harvesters. The main problem when cleaning is a problem of balancing conflicting requirements to the process and possibilities of agricultural machinery. Including increasing the purity of the tubers in the container with one hand, minimization of losses and damages of tubers on the other hand, when the performance of equipment. In this article we propose a circuit-design solution separating the working body of the potato harvester that allow for cleaning to significantly reduce the amount of traumatized potatoes in the process of separating soil and vegetable impurities, creating the preconditions for the elimination of damage to the tubers on the hard side of the working bodies of harvesting machines. Informed choice and timely use of plug-in modules (separating working bodies) in modern potato harvesting machines at work in specific climatic conditions allows them to fully match the list of regulated agronomic requirements. Thus, the creation of new science-based technical solutions for a separation of the organs of potato harvesters is an actual scientific-technical task, which makes a significant contribution to the development of the country

This article deals with the rules of observance of agriculture technology requirements for the production of potatoes in particular. On the example of the combine PDA 1.2, we have considered the places having the greatest damaging effect on roots. One can also find a summary procedure for calculating the probability of defective products

The article deals with the questions of effective vehicles’ operation when in farm transportation of horticultural products. They have proposed the technical solutions to increase the productivity and safety of hauling units during their operation and to decrease the transported production damage