We consider the methods for estimation of the
effectiveness and quality of the scientific activities
of the researcher, of the organization, of the
magazine. Performance indicators of scientific
activity are used as an important part in the
estimation of higher education institutions, the
innovative capacity of enterprises, etc. To estimate
the effectiveness of scientific activity is natural to
use intellectual tools which are well-established in
other subject areas. This will include, in particular,
the balanced scorecard, based on key performance
indicators (hence the title of this article), as well as
controlling, primarily controlling of research
activities. There are two more developed and
widely used types of tools for estimation the
effectiveness of the scientific activity - the
scientometric indicators and the expert estimators.
Their critical analysis is the subject of this article.
The goal - to choose the most effective tool.
Different versions of manipulating of values of
scientometric indicators in the Russian Federation,
in our estimation, are still relatively rare. Perhaps
this is due to the relatively short period of their use
in the management of science. Since an indicator
such as citation index (the number of citations of
publications) of researcher, allows estimating its
contribution to science, the use of this
scientometric indicator for the management of
science is justified. At the same time, the number
of publications and especially h-index is not
possible to objectively estimate the effectiveness of
research activities, particularly in view of the
properties of the real bibliometric databases. Expert
procedures have several disadvantages. In this
article we discuss the real effectiveness of expert
procedures in the areas of their application, as
conferring academic degrees and elections to the
National Academy of Sciences (primarily in the
Russian Academy of Sciences), as well as
appointments to senior positions. The basic
principles of expertise in these areas remain the
same for the past 70 years. Based on an analysis of
practice it is necessary to ascertain the lack of
efficacy of expert estimators in these areas. Rationale to what has been said is given in the
article
The article deals with numerical solutions of MHD
equations describing turbulent flow of a conducting
fluid in a rectangular cavity in the rotating magnetic
field at large values of the magnetic Taylor number,
and Reynolds number. It is known that there is a
mechanism of turbulent mixing in natural systems,
leading to an increase in the viscosity of the
continuous medium. In this regard, we suggest
methods of regularization of the Navier-Stokes
equations, similar to the natural mechanisms of
mixing. The models based on the properties of
currents of the turbulent environment proposed. A
modification of the continuity equation taking into
account the final magnitude of pressure fluctuations
was considered. It is shown that due to pressure
fluctuation the incompressibility condition can be
violated even for flows with low Mach numbers.
Modification of continuity in the system of NavierStokes
equations by the introduction of turbulent
viscosity allows the regularization of the NavierStokes
equations to solve the problems with rapidly
changing dynamic parameters, for example, in the
case of a conducting fluid flow in a magnetic field
rotating with a high frequency. It was shown that the
modification of the continuity equation taking into
account turbulent fluctuations leads to a system of
nonlinear equations of parabolic type. A numerical
model of turbulent MHD flow in a rectangular cavity
with rapid change in flow parameters was proposed.
In numerical calculations revealed that under the
influence of a rotating magnetic field in a conducting
fluid there are forces occur, causing unsteady vortex
flow, which is consistent with experimental data. We
have discovered a type of large scale instability of the
turbulent flow, connecting with the secondary flow in
a form of vortices
The article presents the experimental results of the
study of the concentration dependence of the electrical
conductivity of heterogeneous ion-exchange
membranes that are in contact with solutions of weak
electrolytes - carboxylic acids. It is shown that in this
case the membrane conductivity is higher than the
conductivity of the solution, wherein the conductivity
of cation exchange membranes substantially greater
(by an order of magnitude) than the conductivity of
anion exchange membranes. This fact must be
considered when designing the actual electrodialysis
processes of processing solutions containing organic
ions. The work identified the need to develop modern
ideas about transport and the structural organization of
ion-exchange materials, to describe the structure of the
ion-exchange membranes that are in contact with weak
electrolytes solutions
Tomato is one of the most popular vegetables in Kuban. Every year, the area under this crop in the region occupies more than 11 thousand ha. Currently the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in Krasnodar region, includes more than 90 tomato varieties and hybrids, however, the need for new, more productive varieties is not reduced. The important task of breeding is development of varieties and F1 hybrids with stable realization of the potential, with high level of yield ability, resistance to adverse environmental factors. In the southern regions of Russia for tomatoes, especially during flowering and fruit ripening, the most unfavorable abiotic environmental factors are excessive heat (air temperature 35 - 45 ° C or higher) and high solar radiation. Adverse temperature conditions often act as a deterrent in obtaining high yields, due to the flowers and fruits drop. The article presents the results of breeding activities of the last ten years (2007 - 2016) on development of new tomato varieties and F1 hybrids for different purposes As a result of studies there were developed four tomato varieties and one F1 hybrid that meet the requirements of production and are adapted to abiotic conditions of cultivation in open field in Kuban
The article presents the results of studies of vitality
and of the correlation variability of morphological
traits cenopopulations Lilium pensylvanicum Ker.-
Gawl. on the natural territory of the Yakutsk Botanical
Garden and in cultura. The study shows variability of
their parts (variability) and the estimation
coenopopulations vitality (vitality)
Microsatellite DNA markers are currently used
effectively in the study of the genetic diversity of the
gene pool of fruit crops and DNA certification of
varieties. For plum now there is rather limited list of
works on the development of this type of DNA
markers. Most often, the search for new SSR-markers
for this species is carried out by checking of crossreproducibility
of SSR-markers developed in other
species of the genus Prunus. In this study, for the 18
SSR-markers previously developed on a peach, there
was performed testing and evaluation of the prospects
for the use of the genotyping of plum cultivars. Testing
was made on the 4 varieties of genetically distant,
belonging to the 4 different subspecies of Prunus
domestica L., showed the effectiveness of their use.
During the study, all tested DNA-markers were
grouped together in multiplex sets comprising 3-4
markers. This allows simultaneous genotyping of 3-4
loci in a single PCR reaction. These multiplex kits are
available for use in the study of genetic polymorphism
of species Prunus domestica L
The article briefly discusses the following questions. The classic definition of virtual reality systems. Effects of virtual reality: effects of the reality, presence, depersonalization (modification of consciousness), a modification of the consciousness of the user, virtualization, interests, goals, values, and motivations ("reals and virtuals"). The criteria of reality in various forms of consciousness and their application in virtual reality. Virtual reality systems and criteria of reality, the principles of equivalence (relativity) of Galileo and Einstein and the criteria for virtual reality. The virtual device I / o. The author's definition of virtual reality systems. Dreaming, hypnagogic state, and virtual reality. Augmented reality and augmented virtuality. The modification of consciousness and the consciousness of the user in virtual reality. Consideration of future and pathological changed forms of consciousness that arise in systems with intelligent interfaces. Observance of moral norms in virtual reality and the consequences of failure. The risk of effects of virtual reality and the need for serious scientific study. The transfer of knowledge and skills from virtual reality to true. The transfer of knowledge and skills from virtual reality to true. Mechanisms of formation of models of the true and the virtual reality of man and the principles of their correct and meaningful interpretation. Principles and perspectives correct meaningful interpretation of the subjective (virtual) models of the physical and social reality formed by the human consciousness. The application of virtual reality systems. There is also a test for understanding of virtual reality
The creation of artificial intelligence systems is one
of important and perspective directions of
development of modern information technology. As
there are many alternatives to artificial intelligence
systems, there is a need to evaluate mathematical
models of these systems. In this work, we consider a
solution of the problem of identifying classes of
levels of pay of employees on their characteristics.
To achieve this goal, it requires free access to test
the source data and methodology, which will help to
convert the data into the form needed for work in
artificial intelligence systems. A good choice is the
databases from the site: http://allexcel.ru/gotovyetablitsy-excel-besplatno.
In this work, we have used
the database called "The database table of
employees, payments calculation". The most reliable
in this application was the model of the INF4 based
on semantic appropriate measure of information of
A. Kharkevich with integral criteria of "Amount of
knowledge". The accuracy of the model is 0.960,
which is much higher than the reliability of expert
evaluations, which is equal to about 70%. To assess
the reliability of the models in the ACS-analysis and
the system called "Eidos" we have used F-criterion
of van Ritbergen and fuzzy multiclass generalization
proposed by Professor E. V. Lutsenko
The creation of artificial intelligence systems is one
of important and perspective directions of
development of modern information technology. As
there are many alternatives to artificial intelligence
systems, there is a need to evaluate mathematical
models of these systems. In this article, we consider
a solution of the problem of identifying classes of
levels of pay to employees on their characteristics.
To achieve this goal it requires free access to test the
source data and methodology, which will help to
convert the data into the form needed for work in
artificial intelligence systems. A good choice is a
database of test problems for systems of UCI
artificial intelligence repository. In this work we
have used data base on teaching effectiveness for
three regular semesters and two summer semesters
of 151 teaching assistant (TA) assignments at the
statistics Department of the University of
Wisconsin-Madison. The most reliable in this
application was the model of the INF4. The
accuracy of the model in accordance with Lmeasure
made up 0,809, which is much higher than
the reliability of expert evaluations, which is equal
to about 70%. To assess the reliability of the models
in the ASC-analysis and in the system of "Eidos" we
use F-criterion of van Ritbergen and its fuzzy
multiclass generalization proposed by Professor E.
V. Lutsenko
Creation of artificial intelligence systems is one of
important and perspective directions of development
of modern information technology. As there are
many alternatives to artificial intelligence systems,
there is a need to evaluate mathematical models of
these systems. In this work, we present a solution of
the problem of identifying classes of salary levels of
employees depending on their characteristics. To
achieve this goal it requires free access to test the
source data and methodology, which will help to
convert the data into the form needed for work in
artificial intelligence systems. A good choice is a
database of test problems for systems of artificial
intelligence of UCI repository. In this work we used
the database called "Wine Data Set" from the Bank's
original task of artificial intelligence from repository
UCI. The most reliable in this application was the
model of the INF4 based on semantic, according to
A. Kharkevich, integral criteria of "Amount of
knowledge". The accuracy of the model is 0,916,
which is much higher than the reliability of expert
evaluations, which is equal to about 70%. To assess
the reliability of the models in the ASC-analysis and
the system of "Eidos" we used the F-criterion of van
Ritbergen and fuzzy multiCLASS generalization
proposed by Professor E. V. Lutsenko (L-measure)