The article is devoted to consideration of questions of
functions of the state and forms of their realization,
which are of very great importance in the theory of the
state and practice of its functioning. It can be
explained with the next moments, first, to that in
functions are shown essence of the state, its social
appointment. The state representing the phenomenon
of social life, it is characterized by extraordinary
variety of directly observable and perceived
manifestations. It is defined as a variety of the tasks
solved by the state in various areas of life of society,
and a variety of bodies, forms, methods and means of
implementation of the state activity. In this regard
studying of functions serves as the prerequisite of
knowledge of the main thing and defining in the state.
Secondly, functions of the state define its structure, i.e.
ways, regularities of the organization of elements of
the state as difficult system. Research of functions of
the state and forms of their realization helps to
estimate its opportunities, promotes deeper
understanding of the mechanism of its interaction with
other structures of society in the solution of the most
important political, economic, social, ecological,
cultural and other tasks. The correct establishment of
functions of the state and definition of forms of
realization of these functions promotes stabilization of
the public relations and development of society in
various spheres
The negative economic consequences of using sun-flower seeds infested by molds Phomopsis helianthi Munt. Cvet. et al. as inoculums are described in the article. The necessity of finding the ways of these molds inactivation alternative to the way of chemical disinfection, and the advantages of usage of electro-physical ways of seeds’ treatment for this purpose and in particular electromagnetic field (EMF) of microwave frequency (MWF) are explained. The construction of the laboratory experimental setup is shown, on the bases of which the process of Flagman variety of sunflower seeds disinfection EMF MWF is researched. The testing technique is described too. The observable sowing sunflower with the starting infection rate by phomopsis at 22% is treated for different durations in the EMF MWF, being in either static or continuously mowing layers. As result of these experiments the particular rates of treatment providing the total disinfection of sunflower seeds from molds Phomopsis helianthi Munt. Cvet. et al. are revealed and the discovered contradictions in the experiments’ results are explained
In this article we have identified analytical dependences of position of an automatic control system output coordinate for optimum speed diagrams for small movements of actuating device of electric drive and its moving error value
The article shows the results of years of research, which showed that the intermediate culture - is an important factor in the impact of increasing the fertility of meadow black soils, meadow (rice) soils perform environmental, agronomical and soil protection roles,
as well as they are involved in the biological cycle of nutrients
We offer the system of indicators to assess the creditworthiness of Russian regions in this article. Correlation analysis of the indicators was performed and we highlighted correlated dependences. The system of 14 independent input parameters to assess the creditworthiness of the regions was composed. We have also conducted a cluster analysis (dependent index) assess the creditworthiness of the regions for the minimum and the optimal number of clusters creditworthiness regions. A dendrogram was obtained to show credit ability for the regions of SFD and North Caucasus Federal District. We created a discriminant model to assess the creditworthiness of regions with high confidence recognition
In the recent past, class-consciousness was considered
one of the expression forms of social consciousness
and acted as its main form due to close interaction with
interests of people. The class-consciousness and the
consciousness of classes were two separate matters of
consideration. It was supposed that the essence of
class-consciousness and of the class-psychology
concomitant with it could only be comprehended in
consideration of structure of the social consciousness
as a whole. The correlation and interconnection of
social psychology and structural units of social
consciousness and ideology was a topical issue.
However, it should be noted that any consideration of
the social consciousness and psychology is just a
naked abstraction when it is made in any of their
interpretations with no account taken of the material
bearer, i.e. the human who is a living organism, and of
population, genetic and environmental circumstances.
Therefore, talking about the class-consciousness and
revolutionary nature of consciousness of the working
class, we meet the following expected question: how
can we talk about any progress if everything comes to
destruction and further formation of an allegedly
classless society with bloodshed and death of a
significant part of population? At the same time, we
can observe reemergence of the thesis of human
heterogeneity that the humankind is not a single
species but a biological genus. The species this genus
consists of have their own genus-consciousness, which
is also aggravated by race features and race
consciousness. That is why there is actually no sense
in talking about peculiarity of the class-consciousness
and social consciousness regardless of certain society
encased in some geographical shell. Research in this
field is worth being developed after moving to the
level of biosphere
Barley (hordeum vulgare) is a valuable food and
forage crop. It is cultivated in the world on an area
of about 60 million hectares. A major region of
barley cultivation in the Russian Federation is the
Southern Federal District. The variety is one of the
main factors determining the demand for crop. To
use the varieties effectively we must have a
complex of economically valuable traits such as
hardiness, resistance to lodging, disease and pest
resistance. These traits make it possible to generate
the harvest high and stable from year to year. The
article is devoted to the analysis of winter barley
varieties, created in the south of Russia from
ancient times to the present day. The main
achievements of the leading Russian breeding
facilities and experienced breeders of scientists set
out in chronological order. The article describes the
methods and principles of selection (from
individual selection to mutagenesis and complex
selective breeding) used to breeding the new
varieties of winter barley. The most attention is
given to the outstanding varieties included to the
mating program today
The authors have developed classification tools for
grinding feeds and the most promising directions in the
development of tools for the grinding of forages in reducing
energy and metal consumption. We have described
chopper stem of feed, which provides high performance
and good quality of product. In the article,
there is an analysis of existing methods of grinding
coarse fodder and their classification. The work presents
examples of application of stationary and mobile
crushers for crushing of grain and roughage, the technical
parameters of the equipment for preparation of
feed for feeding
The problem of calculation of arguments of the controlled cascade electric drive is reviewed. For a basis the electric drive is taken by the designed writers. For definition of the moments the method grounded on electromechanical transforming of energy is proposed.
On an example of a present construction the values of currents of a stator and rotor and phase angles of these currents were retrieved. It has allowed to find the energy, accumulated by the device, in the given instant. Utilizing this result, the instantaneous moment was defined. The introduced mathematical model realized as the program in environment Delphi. Inaccuracy for an audit example did not exceed 10-15 %
The article considers the regularities of the growth and development of the plantations of Crimean and Scotch pine on sandy soils of Tersko-Kumskoye interfluve plain, presents the classification of forest suitability, estimates the forest growing efficiency and prospects of the use of pine species when forest amelioration of soils, suggests the technologies for forestations arrangement. During the past century there had been grown over 60 hectares of pine cultures on sands of Tersko-Kumskoye interfluve plain under the strict conditions of transition zone dry steppe-semidesert. The Achikulakskaya NILOS VNIALMI (N. K. Lalymenko, V. I. Kabalaliyev, N. S. Zyuz) managed to plant about 60 hectares of Crimean pine and over 5 hectares of Scotch pine cultures in the 70-80-th of the last century, about 50 % of them are still growing. The study of the said forestations led to the following conclusions. On the thick sands (6-8 m) of Bazhigansky forest area the stable growth of Scotch pine continues up to 25-30 years, that of Crimean pine – up to 30-35 years. By the age of 40 the productivity of Crimean pine forestations (170-260 m3/ha) exceeds visibly the accumulated reserve of Scotch pine forest stand (60-100 m3/ha). The increment in height decreases sharply starting at the age of 15-20 years for Scotch pine and at 25-30 for Crimean pine plantations. On the clay sands with the level of low-mineralized ground water of 2,5-3,0 m and despite high fall the stable growth of Crimean pine continues up to 35-40 years and more. On the monophase sands of Tersky forest area the Crimean pine grows relatively slowly during the first 10-15 years though more evenly year by year. The thick lamellar deposits and monophase sands with the depth of sweet ground water of 3-5 m provide the best conditions for forest growing. The longevity of Scotch pine plantations of 50-55 years and that of Crimean pine of 60-65 years can be achieved by current planting technologies and effective conservation of the forestations on the thick sands, while on the medium thick clay sands it can be 60-65 and 70-75 correspondingly, and on the monophase sands on the sites with the additional life-long sweet ground water nutrition – over 80 years. The following measures should be the most effective when afforestation of highly overgrown sites – the many-year fallow and thorough cultivation of inter-rows of young cultures and their planting with coulisses and blocks. When planting of cultures on interfluve plain on lightly overgrown sands of low water capacity the planting of seedlings by combined aggregates type MPP-1 provides the best results. The ecological and economical effectiveness of forest amelioration of pastures forms of the costs of the woody and non-woody forestation resources, their soil-conservation, environment improvement and recreation functions. The effect of one hectare of pasture protective pine coulisses planted on lowdegraded pastures should be about 35 thousand rubles during 50 years (average longevity of forestations), when amelioration of highly overgrazed pastures it would be 130 thousand rubles per year. The main part (80-90 %) of the benefit takes the costs of the prevented loss caused by wind erosion