Nowadays there are sorbents, both natural, and
modified, which allow to clear waters from variety of
pollutants simultaneously, for example from ions of
heavy metals and petroleum. We have received a new
modified sorbent with use of a sol-method. The given
sorbent represents beads in common besieged
magnesium hydroxide and aluminum having layered
structure. For the characteristic of the structure of the
researched systems we have carried out an X-ray
analysis. Studying the mechanism of interaction of the
sorbent with ions of heavy metals was carried out with
the use of the research of chemical structure of the
sorbent and the condition of adsorbed ions by methods
of IR spectroscopy and X-ray analysis. The conclusion
was made, that modified inorganic sorbent on a basis
of magnesium hydroxide and aluminum has a number
of distinctive features and advantages comparing to
other filtering materials
To determine the mass fraction of linolenic acid in flax
seed oil the authors developed a rapid method based on
the pulse method of nuclear magnetic resonance with
the use of NMR analyzers low resolution. This method
has some significant advantages compared with the
known method on the basis of chromatographic
method for the determination of the mass fraction of
linolenic acid in the oil extracted from the seeds of
flax, namely, does not require additional sample
preparation (extracting oil by solvent), eliminates the
use of toxic chemicals, requires a much lower
investment of time to conduct a single analysis, highly
automated, and eliminates the influence of human
factor on the research results. The method is based on
the revealed correlation between the weighted average
time spin-spin relaxation of protons contained in the
triacylglycerols of the oil of the flax seed, and a mass
fraction of linolenic acid in the seed oil at a
temperature of 23ºc. In article results of research of
influence of temperature on the weighted average time
spin-spin relaxation of protons contained in the flax
seed oil. Installed directly proportional linear
relationship between the temperature of flax seeds and
measured the average time spin-spin relaxation of
protons oil contained in the flax seeds with the correlation coefficient is 0,930, the temperature change
of the sample of seeds at 1 ° C leads to the change of
the coefficient is 0.011 kt. The developed
methodaccuracy in the temperature range from 20 to
26 ºC
Results of the research on ecological safety of utilizing high clearance tractors for cultivation and harvesting of high stalk plants are presented. Purpose of the research was to decrease damaging of high stalk plants during multi-pass harvesting by tractor parts. For increasing efficiency and competitiveness of high stalk plants decreasing prime cost of production, increasing profitability and labor productivity are required. This can be achieved by introducing complex factors, which together with other factors as complex technological and technical modernization are required. Basic direction of modernization is utilizing completely new technologies and renewal of machines. Modern tractors utilized for tobacco growing have been analyzed. Basic demands for high clearance tractor which can be used for tobacco, grape and fruit trees growing have been developed. Researches on studying the tobacco plant folding during harvesting have been carried. Scheme of high clearance tractor MTZ-80 which can be assembled with machines for multi-pass harvesting of high stalk plants without their damaging has been developed. New scheme for modernization tractor MTZ-80 into high clearance model has been proposed. It can be done by changing speed reducers and forward wheels with size 11,2x20 on size 11,2x28. This will increase clearance from 470 to 840 mm
The article is devoted to the development of
high-tech metal-working industry, as well as to
the use of unmanned technology. We
recommended measures to improve the
accuracy and quality of manufacturing of
complex and large workpieces weighing up to
100 tons. To date, the technical level of many
economy sectors is largely determined by the
level of the production means. Based on the
engineering development there is an overall
automation and mechanization of production
and industry processes, construction,
agriculture, transport and other industries. We
analyzed forms of slide sections, of errors
affecting the accuracy of the workpieces
manufacturing. We made simulation of the
cutting forces and sliders deformations. Solved
measures increase manufacturing accuracy
based on multi-purpose machine tool systems of
VM series. We held the analysis of the
dependence of cutting forces, a slider form on
its strain in different types of processing. We
obtained a graph of cutting force and precision
manufacturing. We defined the optimal shape of
the slider cross section to increase the rigidity
and reduce the slide deformation in metal
cutting
The article considers the stages of the passage of the
project in the organization. Decision support system
facilitates the work of heads of enterprises and
enhance its effectiveness. The organization has a
system of registration applications, which contains the
information about the project, its description, the terms
of development, the developer (or development team)
and stages of this project. Using the software package,
the customer leaves the application to provide services.
Head sends a request to the appropriate division.
Departments, in turn, transmit information about the
status of implementation of the application through a
software package. The software package enables fast
two-way remote communication in electronic form
between the customer and the head, and between the
director and divisions. The organization coordinating
the work on the implementation of IT-projects by the
head and the head of the sector. But there are some
human factors, through which people can not keep up
with the timely implementation of all tasks given by
subordinates. Developed DSS helps to save time in
monitoring the project development phase, will
eliminate the human factor in monitoring the success
of the project, and will assist in the decision-making in
cases of force majeure. Development of an IT project
consists of several stages, each of which has the ability
to give interest characteristic of the total time spent on
the project. Supervisor carries out the decomposition
of the problem and evaluation of each stage
The article presents the results of the studies necessary to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the status of occupational safety and make recommendations for keeping it in the given parameters, at machine-building plants, staffed by cut-off machine tools and auxiliary equipment for their operation. The necessity of the development of the structure of the OSH management system. We have presented a device with which you can carry out a qualitative assessment of the state of labor protection at the enterprises of mechanical engineering and the procedure for applying OSH audit system, which allows to identify the weakest points in the system of OSH management, based on the results of which form the management decisions to maintain it in the given parameters
Due to the deterioration of the ecological situation
in the world, population tends to eat organically
grown foods that are grown either without or with
minimal use of chemicals. The development of
agriculture in this direction leads ultimately to
organic agriculture. To improve the competitiveness of this direction, we need more
effective agricultural machines, especially in the
last phase of cultivation, namely at the stage of
harvesting. One of the most difficult scientific and
technical problems with the mechanical harvesting
of potatoes is not letting vegetable impurities and
tops to fall down in the hopper with the potato
tubers, which among other things will improve
operational efficiency technology. The article
reviewed the various methods for removing the
tops, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.
The article makes a conclusion about the need for
potato top separators in harvesting machines. We
have also considered a promising device for
removing haulm, a conveyor with flexible fingers
on the bars and the clamping beater. Тhe most
short-lived structural element of the device for
removing haulm, reducing reliability of the device,
is flexible fingers mounted on rods. We have
proposed to use polyurethane as a material for
manufacturing flexible fingers
Damage of grain and seeds by machines makes
essential negative impact on sowing qualities of seeds
and processing properties of grain. While processing of
grain a lot of various cars and actions differently injure
weevils. To exclude traumatizing of grains in the
course of mechanical preparation is not obviously
possible, as working bodies of cars are a source of
mechanical and thermomechanical damages. Besides,
injured weevils on the physical-mechanical properties
practically do not differ from whole, i.e. they do not
possess signs for machine division. To reduce
traumatizing of weevils is possible with the help of
application of optimum technologies of machining,
selection of the conforming technological modes, using
as a part of actions of constructional stuffs with a low
elastic modulus, perfection of their design data. For
definition of injuring ability of various machines and
actions through which takes place grain lots, have
developed a procedure which allows with high degree
of reliance to estimate complex traumatizing of weevils
(namely, their outside integuments and intrinsic
frames) machines and the actions which are a part of aggregates and complexes for machine preparation of
grain and seeds. The developed procedure bases on a
basis of the standard documents regulating test
methods of agricultural machinery and together with it
allows to consider connatural heterogeneity of the grain
lots arriving for processing
From a review of the literary sources it is revealed that the existing vibration exciters are classified into mechanical, electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic. One of the most promising areas of development and use of sources of vibrations for tillage tools are electrical exciters of mechanical vibrations namely solenoid with a metal core inside. Based on the analysis of existing technical means for soil cultivation we are proposed a new technical mean of vibration exposure for tilting the soil without or before ploughing. Theoretical regularities of change of draft resistance depending on the vibration amplitude and the mass of the vibration exciter were received in the studies. A structurally - technological scheme of the combined tillage combine with electric vibration exciter and a device for automatic regulation of the technological process of the work of tillage machine was developed. The proposed vibration tool will supposedly reduce the soil resistance force acting on the working bodies, which will reduce energy costs up to 20% for the technology process of soil cultivation; harmful emissions from the combustion of diesel fuel into the atmosphere were reduced. The proposed technical mean can be used for soil cultivation in different soil fertility under different soil density
Results of modeling of deformation of a band saw in a
cutting zone are presented in article. Also the
experiment by definition of deformation of a saw and
loss of her stability has been made